scholarly journals Serological study of toxoplasmosis spread among unmarried female university students using LAT, ELISA and IgG avidity

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 714-720
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Infectious Agents ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Igm Elisa ◽  
Positive Results

Toxoplasma gondii has a worldwide distribution and it is one of the most prevalent infectious agents in Iraq. The study was conducted on 200 serum samples of unmarried female university of students age ranged between 18 to 26 years to detect Toxoplasma gondii antibodies. The aim of this study was to detect T. gondii antibodies among unmarried female students in Iraqi universities using different serological tests. Seventy six (38%) serum samples out of 200 subjects were positive for toxoplasma antibodies by Latex agglutination test (LAT). Among 76 LAT sera positive ,only 58 (29%) serum samples were positive with toxoplasma IgG ELISA test , however , the results of IgM ELISA assay were positive only for 3 (1.5%) unmarried female sample .None of negative LAT serum samples gave positive results with neither IgG nor IgM ELISA.

Serological Survey and Associated Risk Factors on Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Goats in Mila District, Algeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dahmane ◽  
S. Boussena ◽  
F. Hafsi ◽  
F. Ghalmi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Seroprevalence Rate ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Eastern Algeria

AbstractToxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite prevalent in humans and other animals worldwide having medical and veterinary importance on account of reproductive failure causing significant socioeconomic losses. The aims of this study were to estimate the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in goats, determined the possible risk factors associated, and evaluate the performances of the latex agglutination test (LAT) to anti-T. gondii antibodies screening using the indirect Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as a reference test (iELISA). A total of 184 serum samples from goats reared on 25 farms in Mila district from North-Eastern Algeria were collected and tested for anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies using two commercial serological tests (ELISA and LAT). A seroprevalence rate of 71.73 % and 63.58 % was obtained by both ELISA and LAT tests, respectively. The analysis of some factors thought to be related to the onset of this infection such as age, sex, management system, locality and presence of cats showed no significant relationship (P > 0.05); these factors did not seem to affect the frequency of the infection. The seropositivity level of T. gondii was significantly higher in aborted goats (P = 0.007), which suggested that they may play a significant role in pregnancy failure. In the concordance evaluation between the two serological tests (ELISA and LAT), the Cohen’s Kappa value was calculated and the results showed a K of 0.519 (p = 0.000) belonging to the range of 0.41—0.60 indicating just average agreement. The results of the Mc Nemar test showed that both tests gave significantly different results and seropositivity values (P < 0.05). The high prevalence observed in this study indicated a widespread exposure to T. gondii from goats and the potential risk of T. gondii infection for humans in North-Eastern Algeria. These results elucidate the challenges of applying serology to estimate goat exposure to T. gondii. The choice between the two serological tests will depend on their performances, as well as the availability of the equipment, laboratory conditions and the number of samples to be tested.

scholarly journals ANTIGENICITY OF BRUCELLA PROTEINS BY THE ELISA TEST

2019 ◽  
pp. 92-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Bulashev ◽  
A. S. Syzdykova ◽  
Zh. A. Suranshiyev ◽  
K. A. Tursunov ◽  
S. Z. Eskendirova
Keyword(s):  
Recombinant Proteins ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Periplasmic Proteins ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Cattle And Sheep

Lifetime diagnostics of animal brucellosis is mainly based on serological reactions as SAT, RBPT and CFT. The tests determine antibodies by means of antigen produced from Brucella S-cells that mainly contain lipopolysaccharides (LPS). The LPS may cause cross-reactions with other clinically significant gram-negative bacteria; this leads to false-positive results. Due to this fact, the researchers involved in improving. The paper highlights the research results on antigenicity of 5 recombinant Brucella proteins (rOMP19, rOMP25, rOMP31, rBP26 and rSOD) and soluble protein preparations (CSP) of B. abortus and/or B. melitensis by indirect ELISA using cattle and sheep serum samples positive for brucellosis by classical serological tests. CSP appeared to be the most antigenic among the protein specimens; it determined antibodies in 94.8% of the cattle and 69% of sheep. Antibodies which were specific to rOMP19, rOMP25 and rOMP31 were detected in 39%; 50.6 and 76.6% of antibody-positive cows. Periplasmic proteins (rBP26 and rSOD) were observed as less antigenic than outer membrane proteins and revealed anti-Brucella antibodies in 29.9 and 14.3% of the cattle. Recombinant proteins were not detected by antibodies of sheep positive for brucellosis. Antibodies to recombinant proteins by i-ELISA were detected in the small number of the cattle kept at brucellosis free farm (from 2.1 to 12.5%). The results obtained outline the necessity to carry out experimental infection of animals in order to assess properly the capacities of recombinant proteins when diagnosing brucellosis.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF SEROLOGICAL TESTS AND PCR FOR DIAGNOSIS OF HUMAN BRUCELLOSIS SUFFERING FROM FEVER

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Satadal Das
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Human Brucellosis ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Igm Elisa ◽  
Combined Test ◽  
Positive Results

Objective: Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease throughout the globe and other developing countries. The present study was aimed to compare results of different serological tests and PCR for diagnosis of brucellosis in patients sufferings from fever in Kolkata and in adjoining districts.Methods: A total of 2088 serum samples were collected from the patients suffering from fever from January, 2013 to September, 2015. The samples were tested by serological tests STAT, RBPT, ELISA(IgM,IgG) and Brucella genus specific PCR. Results: The study revealed decreasing positive results by STAT (18.43%, N=385), RBPT (12.59%, N=263), IgM ELISA (7.71%, N=161), PCR (4.21%, N=88) and IgG ELISA (1.43%, N=30). When serological tests were compared with PCR, it was found that both STAT and PCR were positive in 84 samples( 4.02%), both RBPT and PCR were positive in 65 samples(3.11%), both IgM and PCR were positive in 51 samples(2.44%) and both IgG and PCR were positive in 9 samples(0.43%). Conclusion: In this cross sectional study in a zonal population of India it was found that STAT was the most sensitive test for diagnosis of brucellosis followed by RBPT when compared to PCR test results. Four STAT negative samples showed positive results in PCR, which were positive by RBPT test. This indicates that if we combine STAT and RBPT for diagnosis of brucellosis then both sensitivity and specificity of the combined test will increase.Keywords: Brucellosis, STAT, RBPT, ELISA, Genus specific PCR.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Anti-Toxoplasma gondii and Anti-Brucella Spp. Antibodies in Pregnant Women From Mogadishu, Somalia

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulkarim A. Yusuf ◽  
Ahmed A. Hassan-Kadle ◽  
Abdalla M. Ibrahim ◽  
Mohamed A. Hassan-Kadle ◽  
Abdullahi M. Yasin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Zoonotic Diseases ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
History Of

Toxoplasmosis and brucellosis are zoonotic diseases of worldwide distribution. They both cause abortion and infertility in human and animals. Limited data are available about these pathogens in Somali people and their animals. Hence, this study has evaluated the prevalence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Brucella spp. antibodies in pregnant women in Mogadishu, Somalia. Serum samples from 307 pregnant women from Mogadishu, Somalia were tested for anti-T. gondii antibodies by Latex Agglutination Test (LAT) and anti-Brucella spp. antibodies by Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and a commercial competitive-ELISA (cELISA). A total of 119/307 (38.76%) pregnant women had a prior history of abortion. A total of 159/307 (51.79%; 95% CI: 46.2–57.35%) pregnant women were seroreactive for T. gondii by LAT at different stages of pregnancy. For Brucella spp., when RBPT and cELISA were combined 4/307 (1.30%; 95% CI: 0.36–3.30%) pregnant women were seroreactive to anti-Brucella spp. antibodies, being 2/307 (0.65%; 95% CI: 0.18–2.34%) by RBPT and 3/307 (0.98%; 95% CI: 0.33–2.83%) by cELISA. Two women were seroreactive for both agents. A high seropositivity to T. gondii and low seropositivity to Brucella spp. have been found in pregnant women from Mogadishu, Somalia. Considering the high number of abortions in the country associated to the fact that awareness on other zoonotic abortifacient pathogens in Somalis is very low, further studies should be conducted to evaluate the potential causes of abortions.

scholarly journals Detection of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in trade donkeys (Equus asinus) at Ganawuri district market, Riyom Local Government area, Plateau State, North Central Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Shalangwa Ishaku Bata ◽  
Shalom Kumra Byencit
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
North Central ◽  
Plateau State

Background and Aim: Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite of public health significance due to its possible transmission to humans through ingestion of tissue cysts in raw or undercooked meat or food or water contaminated with oocysts shed by felids and transplacental transmission. This study was carried out to provide information on the possible risk of transmission through eating undercooked donkey meat by conducting a market based cross-sectional study design to determine the presence of T. gondii antibodies in trade donkeys in Ganawuri district, Riyom Local Government Area, Plateau State, North Central, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: One hundred and thirteen serum samples were collected from trade donkeys at the market and analyzed for T. gondii antibodies using latex agglutination test (LAT). Serum samples with LAT titer >10 μl/ml were considered positive. Results: The distribution of the donkeys based on their sources showed that greater proportions (61.1%) were from North Eastern part of the country. The study showed that 31 of the serum samples collected and analyzed were positive for T. gondii antibodies given an overall prevalence of 27.4%. The prevalence ranges between 22.2 and 33.3% across the states where the donkeys were sourced. The study showed that seropositivity increases with age (p=0.003; OR=11.8) and ranges between 12.5 and 47.2%. The prevalence did not vary significantly based on sex and source/location (p=0.494, OR=0.05; 0.920, 1.45, respectively). Conclusion: This study showed that trade donkeys at Ganawuri district market have antibodies to T. gondii and suggest a public health risk from the consumption of undercooked donkey meat.

scholarly journals Immunodiagnosis of histoplasmosis in a compromised host

1978 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 558-565
Author(s):  
G A Land ◽  
J H Foxworth ◽  
K E Smith
Keyword(s):  
False Positive ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Screening Protocol ◽  
Immunosuppressed Patients ◽  
Yeast Phase ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Compromised Patients

Three serological tests for the diagnosis of histoplasmosis were compared for sensitivity and specificity in serum from blood bank donors, patients with histoplasmosis, and infected or noninfected immunosuppressed patients. The histoplasmin latex agglutination test was positive in 9% of the normal patients, 33% of the histoplasmosis patients, and 61% of the noninfected immunosuppressed patients. Since the test is prone to many false-positive results in patients with inflammatory diseases or non-Histoplasma infections, it has limited potential as a screening test among compromised patients. Immunodiffusion and counterimmunoelectrophoresis using a mycelial antigen were found to be more sensitive than either test using a combined yeast and mycelial antigen or a pure yeast phase antigen. Counterimmunoelectrophoresis at pH 7.2 proved to be the test of choice for serodiagnosis of histoplasmosis, resolving 85% of the immunocompetent infected patients and 100% of the infected immunosuppressed patients. Results indicated that counterimmunoelectrophoresis in conjunction with immunodiffusion could be used as a screening protocol to determine infection in incoming patients in a cancer hospital.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and Risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii among ‎children in Al-Qadisiyah Province – Iraq.‎

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Musafer Al-Ardi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Parasite Prevalence ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Animal Contact

 Background: Toxoplasmosis is a disease associated with the nature of the population, domestic quality and general health culture. Toxoplasma gondii causes many healthy and psychological problems with the possibility of transmission from the mother to her fetus. The primary objective of this study is to establish a database of infection rates among the governorate's children, with the absence of a database of the parasite prevalence rate among children. Materials and method: Four hundred sixty-three serum samples from children 13 old and under  were collected during the period from 6 Jan. 2019 to 12 Dec. 2019, all of which were examined by ELISA test to detect immunoglobulin IgM and IgG. All results were analyzed by SPSS 20.  Results: The current study referred to high prevalence rates of T. gondii (23.3%), where the ratios of IgM and IgG were (4.1% and 17.9%) respectively. Compared with the present rates of immunoglobulin with gender, age, environment and animal contact. Conclusion:  Our current study registered high prevalence rates among children in Al-Qadisiyah governorate, this result represents a database of researchers and workers of health. It's the first study concerning the prevalence of toxoplasmosis in children in Al-Qadisiyah Province. 

scholarly journals Seroepidemiologi toksoplasmosis pada masyarakat di Desa Kumu Kabupaten Minahasa tahun 2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa J. T. Seran ◽  
Billy J. Kepel ◽  
Fatimawali .
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Latex Agglutination Test ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Blood Specimens ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Abstract: Toxoplasmosis is a disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii in humans and also in animals. Toxoplasma gondii infection is widespread in the world, about 20-90% of the populations have been exposed to this parasite, and most take place without showing specific symptoms. The purpose of this study was to determine the seroepidemiology of toxoplasmosis among the villagers of kumu in district minahasa on 2015. This study was a cross sectional descriptive study. The study population was Kumu Village community. This study using blood specimens to be tested by latex agglutination test and interviews to determine the distribution of toxoplasmosis is based on risk factors. Seropositive obtained if agglutination occurs on the results of serological tests. Respondents consisted of 20 (90.90%) females and 2 (9.10%) men. The results showed 11 (50%) of respondents has toxoplasma seropositivity were distributed by age, sex, level of education, occupation, diet, hygiene, exposure to dogs, exposure to cats, and a history of miscarriage.Keywords: latex agglutination test, parasites, seropositivity, toxoplasma gondiiAbstrak: Toksoplasmosis merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh Toxoplasma gondii pada manusia dan juga pada hewan. Infeksi Toxoplasma gondii tersebar luas di dunia, sekitar 20-90% populasi dunia pernah terpapar parasit ini, dan sebagian besar berlangsung tanpa menunjukkan gejala yang spesifik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui seroepidemiologi toksoplasmosis pada masyarakat di Desa Kumu Kabupaten Minahasa tahun 2015. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah masyarakat Desa Kumu. Penelitian ini menggunakan spesimen darah untuk diuji dengan uji aglutinasi lateks dan hasil wawancara untuk mengetahui distribusi toksoplasmosis berdasarkan faktor resiko. Seropositif didapat bila terjadi aglutinasi pada hasil tes serologis. Responden terdiri dari 20 (90,90%) wanita dan 2 (9,10%) pria. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 11 (50%) responden seropositif toksoplasmosis yang terdistribusi berdasarkan umur, jenis kelamin, tingkat pedidikan, pekerjaan, pola makan, higienitas, paparan anjing, paparan kucing, dan riwayat keguguran.Kata kunci: uji aglutinasi lateks, parasit, seropositif, toxoplasma gondii

A Custom-Designed Recombinant Multiepitope Protein for Human Cytomegalovirus Diagnosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-328
Author(s):  
Patrícia A.F. Ribeiro ◽  
Marilen Q. Souza ◽  
Daniel S. Dias ◽  
Alice C. M. Álvares ◽  
Laís M. Nogueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circular Dichroism ◽  
Recombinant Protein ◽  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
World Population ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Circular Dichroïsm

Background: The Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has infected more than 90% of the world population and its prevalence can be related to the individuals geographical and socialeconomic status. Serological tests based on ELISA are pivotal for HCMV diagnosis. Due to the lack of standardization in the production/purification of antigens from viral preparations, ELISA tests are based on several recombinant proteins or peptides. As an alternative, multiepitope proteins may be employed. Objective: In this work, we developed a recombinant multiepitope protein (rMEHCMV) for HCMV diagnosis based on conserved and immunodominant epitopes derived from tegument (pp150, pp65 and pp28), glycoprotein gB (pp38) and DNA polymerase subunit (pp52) of HCMV. Methods: The rMEHCMV gene was synthesized de novo and overexpressed in Escherichia coli cells. The recombinant protein was purified to homogeneity using a Ni-NTA column. Biophysical analysis of recombinant protein was performed by circular dichroism. A preliminary biological activity test was performed using 12 positive human sera samples by using an in-house IgG ELISA. The following patents database were consulted: Espacenet, Google Patents and the National Institute of Intellectual Property (INPI, Brazil). Results: The recombinant multiepitope protein was successfully expressed in E. coli. The structural data obtained by circular dichroism spectroscopy showed that rMEHCMV is structurally disordered. An in-house IgG ELISA test with rMEHCMV was successfully used to recognized IgG from human serum samples. Conclusion: Together, our results show that rMEHCMV should be considered as a potential antigenic target for HCMV diagnosis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Solid-Phase Chemiluminescent Enzyme Immunoassay, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, and Latex Agglutination Tests for Screening Toxoplasma IgG in Samples Obtained from Cats and Pigs

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Elisa Method ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Positive Results ◽  
Chemiluminescent Enzyme Immunoassay

Serum samples from cats and pigs were analyzed by the solid-phase chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay (SPCEI), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and indirect latex agglutination (ILA) methods. The SPCEI and ILA methods accurately analyzed Toxoplasma IgG (T-IgG) in both clinical and spiked samples from pigs and cats. The ELISA method accurately analyzed T-IgG in spiked samples from cats and pigs or clinical samples from pigs, but it did not accurately analyze T-IgG in clinical samples from cats. The antibody used in the ELISA kit did not cross-react with cat T-IgG. The SPCEI method that uses a stand-alone automated analyzer provided quantitative analysis, whereas the ELISA and ILA methods provided qualitative or, at best, semiquantitative analysis of T-IgG. The SPCEI and ELISA methods were rapid (60–90 minutes for 30 samples), whereas the ILA method required 13–15 hours for 30 samples. Although the three methods accurately distinguished positive from negative samples, the ILA method yielded many weakly positive results that were not confirmed by either the ELISA or SPCEI method. Thus, the indirect agglutination tests may give nonspecific responses at lower T-IgG concentrations.

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