Modification des pressions intracristallines et intergranulaires des roches soumises aux variations de temperature

1961 ◽  
Vol S7-III (4) ◽  
pp. 338-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georges Deicha
Keyword(s):  
Small Temperature ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Proper Perspective ◽  
Proper Interpretation ◽  
Tectonic Movements ◽  
Natural Means

Abstract Effects of variations of temperature on intracrystalline and intergranular pressures in rocks are reviewed, with particular stress on the importance of maintaining the several factors involved in proper perspective, in order that sequence of changes in a rock during its history may not be misconstrued and that undue importance is not assigned to a given factor merely because it has been investigated in detail while others have been investigated inadequately. Distinguishing between liquid and gaseous inclusions of mineralogic versus metallogenic periods is especially difficult. Proper interpretation of inclusions ruptured by natural means must be supplemented by painstaking care to recognize the ruptures resulting from artificial means such as those produced in preparation of petrographic specimens, blows of the geologic hammer , and during transportation of samples. Liquid CO<2) and other inclusions have been known to rupture from small temperature changes. Water in inclusions in mineral grains can influence the geochemical constitution of water imprisoned in the sediments at time of deposition. Tectonic movements may rupture inclusions, and thereby influence the geophysical history of rocks.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF ANNUAL VARIATIONS IN GROUND TEMPERATURE AT AN OTTAWA SITE

1964 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. W. Gold
Keyword(s):  
Gradual Increase ◽  
Ground Temperature ◽  
Small Temperature ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Annual Variations ◽  
Periodic Fluctuations ◽  
A Site

Observations over a 5-year period at a site at Ottawa showed that the ground temperature had significant Fourier components with period [Formula: see text]and 2 years. The average annual ground temperature and amplitudes of the Fourier components of period 1 year and [Formula: see text] year underwent non-periodic fluctuations of almost 1 C degree at a depth of 10 cm. The amplitude of this fluctuation decreased with depth, and its maximum occurred later in time. There was evidence of a gradual increase in average annual ground temperature amounting to about 0.2 C degree over the 5-year period at the 610-cm depth. The significance of such small temperature changes in areas where the ground temperature is close to 0 °C is pointed out.

A Holocene Marine Climate Record in Mollusc Shells from the Southwest African Coast

1992 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne L. Cohen ◽  
John E. Parkington ◽  
Geoff B. Brundrit ◽  
Nikolaas J. van der Merwe
Keyword(s):  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Climate Record ◽  
Benguela Upwelling ◽  
Isotope Record ◽  
History Of ◽  
Glacial Expansion ◽  
Sediment Layers ◽  
Marine Climate

AbstractDetails of short-term climatic variability are often lost from marine sediments through bioturbation in the upper, aerobic sediment layers. Alternatively, a high-resolution and dated record of climatic events may be obtained using material preserved in archaeological deposits. The Holocene history of the southern Benguela upwelling regime has been constructed from the oxygen isotope and mineral analysis of midden shells. Three discrete episodes of significant isotope enrichment corresponded to periods of glacial expansion in the northern hemisphere. Significant changes in shell mineralogy, which is a response to sea-surface temperatures, were also recorded. The timing and duration of these changes approximated those in the isotope record and may provide a link between events affecting the subcontinent and global temperature changes of the late Quaternary.

The Los Angeles earthquakes of July, 1920

1921 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-79
Author(s):  
Stephen Taber
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
Southern California ◽  
History Of ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The City ◽  
Tectonic Movements

Summary More than a hundred earthquakes have been recorded in southern California during the period February-September, 1920. These earthquakes have originated along several different faults in the vicinity of Los Angeles, but all of them are believed to have resulted from the adjustment of stresses set up in the region by the same general tectonic movements. The series of shocks felt in Los Angeles on July 16th originated along faults which cut Miocene and Pliocene rocks in the northern part of the city. The three strongest shocks on July 16th had epicentral intensities of between VI and VII in the Rossi-Forel scale; and they were felt over areas of from 500 to 2500 square miles. The known seismic history of southern California and the magnitude of the post-Pleistocene movements both indicate that the seismicity of the region is relatively high. There are many faults in the vicinity of Los Angeles; some of which are known to be active, while others are suspected of being active. Fortunately those within the city are short, while the longer ones are seven to thirty miles away, and are therefore less dangerous in so far as Los Angeles is concerned.

Para-Professionals in Mobility: Long-Term Implications

1976 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 329-331
Author(s):  
William H. Jacobson
Keyword(s):  
Future Trends ◽  
Historical Trend ◽  
Orientation And Mobility ◽  
History Of ◽  
Proper Perspective

The role of the para-professional in the modern orientation and mobility program is discussed. A brief history of the mobility profession is recounted to give a proper perspective in which to view present and future trends. The para-professional is then compared with his professional counterpart, the certified orientation and mobility specialist. The attitudes, duties, and goals of the mobility specialist and his profession are explored in relationship to those of the para-professional. The author concludes that the profession is too young and the historical trend too contradictory to permit acceptance of para-professionals in the mobility program at this time.

Small temperature changes matter

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-235
Author(s):  
Jan-Stefan Völler
Keyword(s):  
Small Temperature ◽  
Temperature Changes

Active tectonics and land-use strategies: a Palaeolithic example from northwest Greece

Antiquity ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 67 (255) ◽  
pp. 292-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoff Bailey ◽  
Geoff King ◽  
Derek Sturdy
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Landscape Change ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Active Tectonics ◽  
Plate Motions ◽  
Human Survival ◽  
Tectonic History ◽  
The Earth ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tectonic Movements

Tectonic movements – continuously re-moulding the surface of the earth over the inexorable activity of underlying plate motions – are rarely taken into account when assessing landscape change, except as an exotic hazard to human life or a temporary disruption in longer-term trends. Active tectonics also create and sustain landscapes that can be beneficial to human survival. The tectonic history of northwest Greece shows Palaeolithic sites located to take advantage of tectonically created features at both local and regional scales.

Effects of Ottoman Rice Plantations in South-eastern European Landscape: Climate Change, Hydrology and Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özlem Sert
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Climate History ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Modern Times ◽  
Large Scale Land ◽  
Rice Plantations

<p>Humid weather conditions of the sixteenth century enabled the introduction of aqua crops to Southeastern European landscapes. The Ottoman government employed a group of experts for the cultivation of rice to implement and rehabilitate rice production. Rice plantations, as an anthropogenic intrusion in the region between Tigris to the Danube, had a fundamental social and environmental impact. Organization of human resources on a large scale; land reclamations, deforestation, and kilometres-long irrigation work changed the landscape, produced seasonal miasma and aquatic pests. Ottoman rice plantations transformed the Southeastern European socio-ecological landscapes in early modern times. Historical data about the Ottoman rice plantations open new insights for improving our knowledge about climate history, the history of riverbeds and the history of malaria in this landscape. The study presents a monography of the plantations with historical drawings and maps, showing the farms on river beds, delineates the responsiveness of the rice harvest to precipitation and temperature changes and maps the triggered aquatic pests due to climate change and deforestation. The presentation aims at opening a historical perspective to today's questions on climate change, hydrology and vector caused diseases.</p>

scholarly journals Methodological guidelines for geoheritage site assessment: A proposal for Serbia

2015 ◽  
pp. 105-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Maran-Stevanovic
Keyword(s):  
Small Scale ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Site Assessment ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Analytical Instruments ◽  
Significant Events ◽  
The Earth ◽  
History Of ◽  
Methodological Guidelines ◽  
Proper Interpretation

Various minerals, rocks, soil types, ore and fossiliferous deposits, structural and tectonic elements, surface and subterranean landforms, all those natural phenomena representing geodiversity in a small scale contribute to our understanding the significant events and episodes of the geological history of the Earth. Intended methodology for qualitative and quantitative assessment is presented, including valuing criteria and their numerical indicators, which serve as analytical instruments to identify and select potential geoheritage objects in Serbia. Objective assessing and categorizing the geoheritage objects are the starting points for their rational utilization, adequate conservation, proper interpretation and promotion.

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