scholarly journals Data mining and socio-spatial patterns of COVID-19: geo-prevention keys for tackling the pandemic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga De Cos Guerra ◽  
Valentín Castillo Salcines ◽  
David Cantarero Prieto
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Set Up

A geographic perspective is essential in tackling COVID-19. This research study is framed in the collaboration project set up by the University of Cantabria, the Valdecilla Hospital Research Institute (IDIVAL) and the Regional Government of Cantabria. The case study is the Santander functional urban area (FUA), which is considered from a multi-scale perspective. The main source is the daily records of micro-data on COVID-19 cases and the methodology is based on ESRI geo-technologies, and more specifically on a tool called SITAR (a Spanish acronym which stands for Fast-Action Territorial Information System). The main goal is to analyse and contribute to knowledge of the spatial patterns of COVID-19 at neighbourhood level from a space-time perspective. To that end the research is based on data mining methods (3D bins and emerging hot-spots) and exploratory geo-statistical analysis (Global Moran’s Index, Nearest Neighbourhood and Ordinary Least Square analyses, among others). The study identifies space-time patterns that show significant hot-spots and demonstrates a high presence of the virus at building level in neighbourhoods where residential and economic uses are mixed. Knowing the spatial behaviour of the virus is strategically important for proposing geo-prevention keys, reducing spread and balancing trade-offs between potential health gains and economic burdens resulting from interventions to deal with the pandemic.

Improving Space-Time-Frequency MIMO-OFDM with ICI Self-Cancellation Scheme using Least Square Error Estimator

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Nur Farahiah Ibrahim ◽  
Zahari Abu Bakar ◽  
Azlina Idris
Keyword(s):  
Channel Estimation ◽  
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing ◽  
Symbol Error Rate ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Error Estimator ◽  
Frequency Diversity ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Mimo Ofdm ◽  
Subcarrier Mapping

Channel estimation techniques for Multiple-input Multiple-output Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) based on comb type pilot arrangement with least-square error (LSE) estimator was investigated with space-time-frequency (STF) diversity implementation. The frequency offset in OFDM effected its performance. This was mitigated with the implementation of the presented inter-carrier interference self-cancellation (ICI-SC) techniques and different space-time subcarrier mapping. STF block coding in the system exploits the spatial, temporal and frequency diversity to improve performance. Estimated channel was fed into a decoder which combined the STF decoding together with the estimated channel coefficients using LSE estimator for equalization. The performance of the system was compared by measuring the symbol error rate with a PSK-16 and PSK-32. The results show that subcarrier mapping together with ICI-SC were able to increase the system performance. Introduction of channel estimation was also able to estimate the channel coefficient at only 5dB difference with a perfectly known channel.

Socioeconomic variations and disparity in space–time accessibility in suburban China: A case study of Guangzhou

Urban Studies ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 004209802091641
Author(s):  
Zifeng Chen ◽  
Anthony Gar-On Yeh
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Time Constraints ◽  
Service Access ◽  
Service Accessibility ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
And Gender

The concept of conventional place-based accessibility, despite being well researched, tends to ignore people’s space–time constraints arising from mandatory activities (e.g. work and household duties), which confine people’s potential movement and delimit the accessible opportunities. As people with different socioeconomic statuses may have different space–time constraints even while living in similar locations, using the place-based measures could lead to an underestimation of accessibility inequality. This study applies a space–time measure to unravel the disparities in service accessibility in suburban China. Since the late 1970s, suburbanisation in Chinese cities has fostered income inequality and has elevated other dimensions (e.g. institutional status and gender) of disparity within each income class. Within this context, we conduct a case study of suburban neighbourhoods in Guangzhou, based on the activity diary data derived from a home-based questionnaire survey. Findings indicate that the use of a space–time measure effectively captures the disparities in service accessibility among residents in suburban Guangzhou. On the basis of structural equation modelling, we further identify that certain socioeconomic groups (e.g. high-income residents, public sector workers, local hukou holders, male household heads and welfare housing residents) tend to experience fewer space–time constraints from rigid activities, such as work, commuting and household duties, and are thus more advantaged in accessing service facilities. These findings imply that urban planning should address the space–time perspective to promote equal service access for the highly heterogeneous social groups in suburban China and to incorporate time-sensitive policies (e.g. flexitime policies).

Modeling of Shape Memory Alloy Based on Hysteretic Nonlinear Theory

2010 ◽  
Vol 44-47 ◽  
pp. 537-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Wen Zhu ◽  
Jin Wang ◽  
Jia Xu
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Theory ◽  
Significance Test ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Partial Least Square Regression ◽  
Hysteresis Phenomenon ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Stress Curve ◽  
Strain Stress ◽  
Set Up

In this paper, a kind of SMA model based on hysteretic nonlinear theory was developed. Von del Pol nonlinear difference item was introduced to interpret the hysteresis phenomenon of strain-stress curve of SMA. The coupling relationship between strain and temperature was obtained in partial least-square regression method to describe the variation of stiffness with temperature. Based on above, the final relationship among strain, stress and temperature was set up. The result of significance test shows that the final model can describe the characteristics of SMA in different temperature well. The new SMA model broadens the region of temperature, and is easy to be analyzed in theory, which is helpful to application of SMA in engineering fields.

scholarly journals Mining multiple sources of historical data: The example of a standardized dataset of medieval monasteries and convents in France

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Adam Mertel ◽  
David Zbíral
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Computational Analysis ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Model Data ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
The Public ◽  
Comprehensive Collection ◽  
Online Databases

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In this paper, we present a dataset of medieval monasteries and convents on the territory of today’s France and discuss the workflow of its integration. Spatial historical data are usually dispersed and stored in various forms &amp;ndash; encyclopedias and catalogues, websites, online databases, and printed maps. In order to cope with this heterogeneity and proceed to computational analysis, we have devised a method that includes the creation of a data model, data mining from sources, data transformation, geocoding, editing, and conflicts solving.</p><p> The resulting dataset is probably the most comprehensive collection of records on medieval monasteries within the borders of today’s France. It can be used for understanding the spatial patterns of medieval Christian monasticism and the implantation of the official Church infrastructure, as well as the relation between this official infrastructure and phenomena covered in other datasets. We open this dataset, as well as scripts for mining, to the public (https://github.com/adammertel/dissinet.monasteries) and provide a map tool to visualize, filter, and download the records (http://hde.geogr.muni.cz/monasteries).</p>

scholarly journals Disinformation and Miscommunication in Government Communication in Handling COVID-19 Pandemic

Webology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-218
Author(s):  
Anang Setiawana ◽  
Achmad Nurmandi ◽  
Eko Priyo Purnomo ◽  
Arif Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Public Perception ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Provincial Government ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Indonesian Government ◽  
Government Communication ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Crucial Part ◽  
Viral Outbreak

This study explores how the Indonesian government uses websites to respond to public information as the COVID-19 pandemic has developed into a global crisis.The government is expected to act quickly and decisively in responding to the public's communication and information crisis. Communication is becoming the most crucial part, especially when it comes to delivering the facts. The accuracy of the information provided also plays a significant role in shaping public perception of the situation. Data obtained were gathered from the central government and provincial government regions' official report, analyzed using SimilarWeb: Website Traffic. The findings showed that the Indonesian government did not have enough response tools set up in the event of a viral outbreak, was not well prepared in the event of communicating with the international community in the event of such an outbreak, and did not have integrated actions to be made between the central government and the second regional government in managing their response. As for the data provided by the central and regional governments, the data have now gone public, showing how good it is.

Ironmaking Process Parameter Analysis and Optimization for the Blast Furnace

2009 ◽  
Vol 620-622 ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Shuang Ping Yang ◽  
Yong Hui Song ◽  
Liu Hua Xin
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Partial Least Square Regression ◽  
Evaluation Indicator ◽  
Least Square Regression ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Reasonable Description

With practical data of the BF ironmaking from Jiuquan Iron&Steel Cooperation Ltd. (JISC), taking the quality of pig iron as evaluation indicator, mathematical models based on the least square regression and partial least square regression were set up respectively by co-relation analysis of feeding-to-product interval of the BF processing. The calculation results showed that the reasonable description can be obtained by the partial least square regression model; and 10 of 29 parameters with obvious impact on the BF operation were listed accordingly. Meanwhile, an optimal group of parameters was found by genetic algorism calculation method. The optimal index of the group was 99.13％. This study is beneficial to the improvement of feeding adjustment and optimal operation of BF ironmaking.

Assessing Risk Factors for Short Birth Interval Hot Spots using Geographically Weighted Regression: Findings from a Nationally Representative Survey Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Zahidul Islam ◽  
Md. Mostafizur Rahman ◽  
Md. Nuruzzaman Khan ◽  
M Mofizul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variation ◽  
Birth Interval ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Weighted Regression ◽  
Geographic Variations ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Short Birth Interval

Abstract Background Short Birth Interval (SBI) is a public health problem in most low- and lower-middle-income countries. Understanding geographic variations in SBI, particularly SBI hot spots and associated factors, may help intervene with tailored programs. This study identified the geographical hot spots of SBI in Bangladesh and the factors associated with them. `Methods We analyzed women’s data extracted from the 2017/18 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey and the healthcare facility data extracted from the 2017 Service Provision Assessment. Moran’s I was used to examine the spatial variation of SBI in Bangladesh whereas the Getis-Ord G*i (d) was used to determine the hot spots of SBI. The Geographical Weighted Regression (GWR) was used to explore the spatial variation of SBI on explanatory variables. The explanatory variables included in the GWR were selected using the exploratory regression and ordinary least square regression model. Results Data of 5941 women were included in the analyses. Around 26% of the total births in Bangladesh had occurred in short intervals. A majority of the SBI hot spots were found in the Sylhet division, and almost all SBI cold spots were in the Rajshahi and Khulna divisions. No engagement with formal income-generating activities, high maternal parity, and history of experiencing the death of a child were significantly associated with SBI in the Sylhet region. Women’s age of 34 years or less at the first birth was a protective factor of SBI in the Rajshahi and Khulna divisions. Conclusion The prevalence of SBI in Bangladesh is highly clustered in the Sylhet division. We recommend introducing tailored reproductive health care services in the hot spots instead of the existing uniform approach across the country.

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