Development of Alternative Fuels in Europe Presents Opportunity for the Middle East

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 50-51
Author(s):  
Chris Carpenter
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Unsaturated Hydrocarbons ◽  
High Oxygen Content ◽  
Advanced Biofuels

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 198165, “Alternative Fuels Development in Europe: Threat or Opportunity for the Middle East?” by Maarten Van Haute, Kuwait Petroleum Research and Technology, prepared for the 2019 SPE Kuwait Oil and Gas Conference and Show, Mishref, Kuwait, 13-16 October. The paper has not been peer reviewed. In December 2018, the revised Renewable Energy Directive (RED) [European Union (EU)] 2018/2001 was implemented, establishing a new binding renewable EU energy target for 2030 of at least 32%, with a clause for a possible upward revision by 2023. The subtarget for renewable energy in transport was raised to 14%. The scope of the complete paper is limited to the 14% renewable energy target in transport and its possible effect on the Middle East. Introduction The first portion of the complete paper includes an extended discussion of the RED and definitions needed to appreciate its conclusions that the production and consumption of fossil fuels will be reduced gradually and replaced by renewable alternatives. This is an economically threatening situation for any country whose gross domestic product is dependent upon oil. The energy transition is a slow but steady process, so nations of the Middle East are reviewing their long-term strategies. Energy-transition and renewable-energy developments, however, may offer solutions and opportunities for these nations. Overview of Renewable Fuels Biofuels. According to the definition provided in the RED, biofuels refers to liquid fuel for transport produced from biomass. A delineation from crude oil is in order before these fuels are discussed in detail. One might consider crude oil a fuel from biomass, but, because the biomass is fossil and the process cannot be replenished within a human time scale, it is not considered renewable. Biomass used to produce biofuels is a mix of hydrocarbons that has high oxygen content and a limited amount and type of unsaturated hydrocarbons. The role of oxygen and unsaturated hydrocarbons (which are less stable) and the limited amount of hydrocarbon species are the biggest challenges for biofuels production. These feedstocks all need a pretreatment step to liquefy or gasify the hydrocarbons so they can be processed in a refinery. Many pretreatment options exist for different feedstocks under development. The RED makes a distinction between first-generation biofuels and advanced biofuels. The latter are those made of feedstocks that generally are waste-based or nonfood-based feedstocks. The allowed percentage of first-generation biofuels is capped. The supply of this first generation is not limited by availability or lack of conversion processes but rather by its competition with the food chain and vast deforestation. To achieve sustainability, the development of advanced biofuels, where the choice of feedstock and pretreatment and conversion technology is key, should be prioritized. Feedstocks will be at much lower volumes than crude and less consistent in quality, so the advanced-biofuels-processing industry likely will comprise many small bioprocessing units.

scholarly journals Biodiesel, a ochrona środowiska

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 351-356
Author(s):  
Marlena Owczuk
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Engine Emissions ◽  
The World

The development of the automotive industry in the world causes high environmental degradation, the main source of this degradation is engine emissions. It is necessary to introduce biofuels prepared from renewable energy sources to the market due to the limited reserve of crude oil and environmental protection. Appropriate new modifications in law regulations have been prepared in European Union. Introducing alternative fuels can reduce the emissions of harmful gases and also decrease the level of pollutions in the environment.

Analysis of Developing of Renewable Energy Sector in Europe and 2020 Targets

2015 ◽  
Vol 798 ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
Shehret Tilvaldyev ◽  
Jorge Flores-Garay ◽  
Alfredo Villanueva Montellano ◽  
Delfino Cornejo Monroy ◽  
Alejandra Flores Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Nonrenewable Resources ◽  
Security Of Supply ◽  
Tidal Power ◽  
Power Generators

Minerals, coal, oil and gas are all examples of nonrenewable resources and most of these pollute the environment when used. Most alternatives to fossil fuels use renewable resources (resources that can be replenished rapidly by nature), which are usually pollute the environment less. There are many forms of alternative fuels that are being utilized today: classic solar, nuclear, wind, hydro, geothermal and Tidal power generators. Many efforts have been madeto develop the ways how to generate power from reusable sources of energy, that have enabled significant progress made towards of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and increasing security of supply and improving competitiveness.The analysis of developing of Renewable Energy sector in Europe (EU-28) since 1970 and 2020 targets presented.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BIOFUELS WITH A FEEDSTOCK FUEL COMPLEX.

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (391) ◽  
pp. 122-127
Author(s):  
N.B. Shamuratova ◽  
Y.S. Baitilenova ◽  
A.N. Narenova ◽  
Zh.A. Nazikova ◽  
A.A. Kamerova
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Active Management ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

Biofuels are viewed as a possible fuel of the future. Concerning energy for cars there is intense “competition” stemming from electricity and rising in popularity due to modern research is also hydrogen. In general, biofuels are nowadays strongly supported in the European Union as well as in the United States of America and many other regions of the world. Active management in the oil and gas industry needs to take in account knowledge not only about fossil fuels but also various types of alternative fuels like biofuels. This thesis goal is to analyze the economics of producing Bio-Crude oil from a plant called Jatrophae curcadis, (or also known as “purging nut”). It is nowadays growing around subtropical regions of the North American continent, especially in Mexico, and southern Asia, and with lower yield can grow even in arid wastelands of Central Asia (in arid Mali it is grown to hold wildlife from plants). It is the very undemanding plant so the biofuel produced from it can be very cheap compared to other biofuels. The oil produced from this plant is not being traded on commodities markets yet but is viewed as biofuel of the future as currently sold soybean oil and palm oil are according to my analysis more expensive in many areas of the world. Production of the plant seeds (nuts) when pressed leads to bio-crude oil which can be processed to biocrude. Economic analysis showed that given irrigation and good genetic selection of the plants to give higher production of seeds (price of the kg would be determining factor), the biocrude produced from the seeds has the potential to successfully compete with alternative fuels made from soybean or palm oils.

scholarly journals Development of Optimum Portfolio for Investment in Oil & Gas Sector (Investor’s View)

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-130
Author(s):  
Sumeet Gupta ◽  
Sourav Basak
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Solar Power ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Risk And Return ◽  
Markowitz Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Oil And Gas Companies ◽  
Oil And Gas Sector

With establishment of International Solar Alliance in New Delhi and due to the push given to renewable energy by the current government India has opened new dimension for innovation, investment and industry. This government has made a significant effort to push India’s renewable energy ambition. Due to this push India is now the 4th largest wind power producer in the world only behind of China, USA & Germany. India has made record addition to the solar power capacity in last 5 years. Although the recently concluded Financial Year (FY19) has shown a dip in installation of solar power with only 6500MW installed in the year. With this trend in the country the researchers are focusing on the scenario of renewable energy in India. So, the papers which are recently made available in the public domain are concerned with the current scenario. The surge in renewable energy is a good sign for the nation as renewable is the future. Though the rising demand of the fastest growing economy of the world can’t be satisfied with this growth in renewable energy. In simply words, the growth of the renewable energy is not enough to sustain the growth of the Indian economy. This statement is supported by the growing dependence of India on imported crude oil. Dependence of imported crude oil has gone up to 83.7% in Financial Year 19 from 82% in FY18. Hence, it can be said that the oil and gas sector is not getting the required focus. Development of an optimum portfolio to minimize risk and maximize return is required before taking any investment decision. Portfolio optimization is required when you think of investing in oil and gas sector as its one of the most volatile sectors. This study is focused on developing an optimum portfolio for investment in oil and gas sector in India. Hence, 11 companies listed on Bombay Stock Exchange is selected for the study. Risk and return of all the 11 companies are calculated. The companies are ranked according to their risk. Weightage of investment is assigned to the top 5 companies (with lowest risk). The study has been conducted to construct an optimum portfolio of oil and gas companies using Markowitz Model. The study has been conducted on individual securities listed in Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE). The objectives of this study are: Risk and return analysis of individual securities of oil and gas companies in India listed with BSE. To identify the opportunities of investment in oil and gas companies and development of an optimum portfolio for investment in these companies. To construct optimal portfolio using Markowitz Model. To check whether Markowitz Model performs well in Oil and gas companies well in BSE or not.

The oil and gas industry: finding the right stance in the energy transition sweepstakes

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Hartmann ◽  
Andrew Inkpen ◽  
Kannan Ramaswamy
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Innovative Research ◽  
Oil And Gas Firms

Purpose The long-term energy transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy challenges the future of oil and gas firms. The purpose of this paper is to explore how the world’s largest oil and gas firms’ strategies are responding to the transition. Design/methodology/approach The authors used content analysis of annual reports to examine the renewable strategies of the world’s largest publicly traded oil and gas companies. Data were analyzed using two complementary statistical methodologies to build a taxonomy of the patterns in strategic behaviors involving renewable energy. Findings Five transition archetypes are identified – three reflect an active pursuit of renewable energy, whereas the other two are more defensive in posture. The authors also find that the firm’s country context has an important bearing on renewable strategy. Both normative social pressures and regulatory pressures play key roles in influencing a firm’s commitment to a renewables’ strategy. Research limitations/implications Using an innovative research method, we develop a new taxonomy to classify how the world’s largest oil and gas firms are shaping the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy.. Originality/value Using an innovative research method, the authors developed a new taxonomy to classify how the world’s largest oil and gas firms are shaping the transition from fossil fuels to renewable energy.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF SOYBEAN PRODUCTION AS AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OF BIOFUEL IN THE ENERGY MARKET

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (390) ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
N. B. Shamuratova ◽  
L. Zh. Karimova ◽  
R. Dosmukhanbetova ◽  
L. Zh. Kudaibergenova ◽  
L. G. Mazhitova
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Active Management ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

Active management in the oil and gas industry needs to take in account knowledge not only about fossil fuels but also various types of alternative fuels like biofuels. This thesis goal is to analyze the economics of producing Bio-Crude oil from a plant called Jatrophae curcadis, (or also known as “purging nut”). It is nowadays growing around subtropical regions of the North American continent, especially in Mexico, and southern Asia, and with lower yield can grow even in arid wastelands of Central Asia (in arid Mali it is grown to hold wildlife from plants). It is the very undemanding plant so the biofuel produced from it can be very cheap compared to other biofuels. Biofuels are viewed as a possible fuel of the future. Concerning energy for cars there is intense “competition” stemming from electricity and rising in popularity due to modern research is also hydrogen. In general, biofuels are nowadays strongly supported in the European Union as well as in the United States of America and many other regions of the world. The oil produced from this plant is not being traded on commodities markets yet but is viewed as biofuel of the future as currently sold soybean oil and palm oil are according to my analysis more expensive in many areas of the world. Production of the plant seeds (nuts) when pressed leads to bio-crude oil which can be processed to biocrude. Economic analysis showed that given irrigation and good genetic selection of the plants to give higher production of seeds (price of the kg would be determining factor), the biocrude produced from the seeds has the potential to successfully compete with alternative fuels made from soybean or palm oils.

The Contours of the World Energy Transition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Zhukov ◽  
M. Sinitsyn ◽  
I. Kujba
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Transition ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
State University ◽  
World Energy ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The World ◽  
Energy Companies

The compendium of articles presented at the seventh international conference of young scholars, organized by the Center of Energy Studies, IMEMO and Faculty of International Energy Business of Gubkin Russian State University (NRU) of Oil and Gas, covers various problems of world energy restructuring in the context of energy transition. The compendium includes articles on perspectives of new renewable energy sources, energy transition in Germany, trends of Russia’s energy restructuring and policies of Russian energy companies.

scholarly journals Can renewable energy reduce the demand for crude oil: An analysis?

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-98
Author(s):  
Sumanta Bhattacharya ◽  
Bhavneet Kaur Sachdev
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Fuel Industry

Demand for crude oil will plateau by 2040, where India will be the highest consumer with growing population, the whole world is dependent on crude oil, which dominant the world. Rise of price and petrol have an effect on every person. Oil is used in more than 6000 product which are part of our daily use from cell phone to tooth paste, curtains, electronic, make up products. Even for the construction of solar panels and wind tribunals component of oil is required. Electric vehicles require oil for their construction, oil has not yet found any alternative. It will take 25 years have all the transport running of electricity, which requires huge infrastructure, strong power grid to be formed. Drill and more exploration is taking place to take out oil, Google, Amazon and Microsoft have collaborate with the fuel industry for more drilling to take out oil and gas. There is being a reducing in the use of plastic bags, electricity is being produced using renewable energy, green technology, we have green building and adopting a nature based solution to become a carbon neutral world, well that can be applied in the case of electricity production which has helped India to electrified many of its villages and bring in electric vehicles. Even after this the oil industry will continue to dominant for the next 50 years or even more.

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