scholarly journals COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF BIOFUELS WITH A FEEDSTOCK FUEL COMPLEX.

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (391) ◽  
pp. 122-127
Author(s):  
N.B. Shamuratova ◽  
Y.S. Baitilenova ◽  
A.N. Narenova ◽  
Zh.A. Nazikova ◽  
A.A. Kamerova
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Active Management ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

Biofuels are viewed as a possible fuel of the future. Concerning energy for cars there is intense “competition” stemming from electricity and rising in popularity due to modern research is also hydrogen. In general, biofuels are nowadays strongly supported in the European Union as well as in the United States of America and many other regions of the world. Active management in the oil and gas industry needs to take in account knowledge not only about fossil fuels but also various types of alternative fuels like biofuels. This thesis goal is to analyze the economics of producing Bio-Crude oil from a plant called Jatrophae curcadis, (or also known as “purging nut”). It is nowadays growing around subtropical regions of the North American continent, especially in Mexico, and southern Asia, and with lower yield can grow even in arid wastelands of Central Asia (in arid Mali it is grown to hold wildlife from plants). It is the very undemanding plant so the biofuel produced from it can be very cheap compared to other biofuels. The oil produced from this plant is not being traded on commodities markets yet but is viewed as biofuel of the future as currently sold soybean oil and palm oil are according to my analysis more expensive in many areas of the world. Production of the plant seeds (nuts) when pressed leads to bio-crude oil which can be processed to biocrude. Economic analysis showed that given irrigation and good genetic selection of the plants to give higher production of seeds (price of the kg would be determining factor), the biocrude produced from the seeds has the potential to successfully compete with alternative fuels made from soybean or palm oils.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF SOYBEAN PRODUCTION AS AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OF BIOFUEL IN THE ENERGY MARKET

THE BULLETIN ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (390) ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
N. B. Shamuratova ◽  
L. Zh. Karimova ◽  
R. Dosmukhanbetova ◽  
L. Zh. Kudaibergenova ◽  
L. G. Mazhitova
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Active Management ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

Active management in the oil and gas industry needs to take in account knowledge not only about fossil fuels but also various types of alternative fuels like biofuels. This thesis goal is to analyze the economics of producing Bio-Crude oil from a plant called Jatrophae curcadis, (or also known as “purging nut”). It is nowadays growing around subtropical regions of the North American continent, especially in Mexico, and southern Asia, and with lower yield can grow even in arid wastelands of Central Asia (in arid Mali it is grown to hold wildlife from plants). It is the very undemanding plant so the biofuel produced from it can be very cheap compared to other biofuels. Biofuels are viewed as a possible fuel of the future. Concerning energy for cars there is intense “competition” stemming from electricity and rising in popularity due to modern research is also hydrogen. In general, biofuels are nowadays strongly supported in the European Union as well as in the United States of America and many other regions of the world. The oil produced from this plant is not being traded on commodities markets yet but is viewed as biofuel of the future as currently sold soybean oil and palm oil are according to my analysis more expensive in many areas of the world. Production of the plant seeds (nuts) when pressed leads to bio-crude oil which can be processed to biocrude. Economic analysis showed that given irrigation and good genetic selection of the plants to give higher production of seeds (price of the kg would be determining factor), the biocrude produced from the seeds has the potential to successfully compete with alternative fuels made from soybean or palm oils.

Insight of Green Economy in Algeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 108-126
Author(s):  
Zina Arabeche ◽  
Mohammed El Amine Abdelli
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
General Application ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

Since the emergence of the industrial revolution, the use of energy resources has increased considerably, particularly non renewable (coal, oil and gas), so these resources are no longer sufficient to cover the different energy needs, and this has become a challenge to the energy independance of many gouvernment now and in the future. This has caused the world to scramble for other ways to satisfy these needs in which the results of scientific research and development envolved from alternative uses of old energy sources and named green economy, and many think about the future of energy despite the barriers that still hinder the general application of this type of economy. Energy consumption in Algeria is focused almost entirely on fossil fuels, hydrocarbons, and gas in particular. In recent years, Algeria is deciding to move intro the green economy, the unique solution for meeting future energy requirements and helping reduce environmental risks.

European Energy Alternatives and Turkey's Compatibility

2019 ◽  
pp. 96-121
Author(s):  
Selma Aytüre
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Complementary Role ◽  
Strategic Location ◽  
The World

Energy is an issue of strategic importance to the European Union and Turkey. Both are dependent to the outside. EU is the world's largest energy importer and second largest energy consumer after the United States. Turkey's alignment with the EU's energy policy is extremely important for EU in terms of increasing the diversity and quality of its energy resources. Turkey's strategic location makes Turkey a land of passage for transporting oil and gas to Europe. This geopolitical importance is an important opportunity for both sides. In this chapter, EU's position on energy in the world has been explained first. Then the energy situation and energy policy in EU has been examined. Secondly, Turkey's energy policy and compatibility to EU together with complementary role to EU on Energy has been presented.

Introduction to this special section: India

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-253
Author(s):  
Soman Chacko ◽  
Satchidananda Rath ◽  
Pranab Sen ◽  
Subrata Kumar Das
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Special Section ◽  
The United States ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Demand Growth ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World

India is currently the third-largest global consumer of petroleum products after the United States and China. The country produces approximately 720,000 barrels of crude oil and 3.16 billion ft3 of gas per day and imports more than 80% of its oil and 50% of its gas needs. This large discrepancy between domestic supply and consumption has been rising rapidly of late. With an economy growing at 6%–8% per year, India's energy demand growth over the next couple of decades is forecast to be among the highest in the world. To mitigate the heavy dependence on imported energy, India has stepped up efforts in recent years to increase domestic production of oil and gas.

scholarly journals Shale-Oil Development Prospects: The Role of Shale-Gas in Developing Shale-Oil

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 3331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas B. Reynolds ◽  
Maduabuchi Pascal Umekwe
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
The United States ◽  
Search Process ◽  
Shale Oil ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Oil Development ◽  
The World

Currently, most of the world’s shale-oil is coming from the United States, but more may be needed from non-U.S. sources in order to keep the world price of oil from increasing, and yet a number of petroleum producing countries have yet to develop shale-oil resources. This article investigates why that may be. One reason for this may be the role that shale-gas development plays in the search for shale-oil. In the oil and natural gas industry over much of the 20th century, finding oil has usually been more valuable than finding natural gas because the gas has less energy density than oil, making each BTU (or Joule) of oil energy easier to store, transport and use for consumers. However, since shale source-rock often has both natural gas and oil, then it behooves a shale search process to start by looking for natural gas first rather than oil to enhance the profitability of the search process. The problem, then, is that a shale-oil only search strategy has the same problem that first plagued the oil and gas industry: What do you do with the natural gas? In this paper, we will examine how this “chicken and egg” exploration scenario has played out in the U.S. in order to draw lessons on how difficult shale-oil development will be for the rest of the world.

scholarly journals Boeing and Airbus: Duopoly in Jeopardy?

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1850222
Author(s):  
John Olienyk ◽  
Robert J. Carbaugh
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
World Trade Organization ◽  
World Trade ◽  
The United States ◽  
Competitive Environment ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Commercial Aircraft ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future

For decades, Boeing and Airbus have struggled for dominance in the large commercial aircraft market. In 2010 and 2011, the World Trade Organization ruled that each firm has received illegal subsidies from the governments of the United States and the European Union, which have enhanced their competitive positions. This paper considers the nature of these rulings and the future competitive environment in the global jetliner industry.

scholarly journals Shared vision for a decarbonized future energy system in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (13) ◽  
pp. 7108-7114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deidra Miniard ◽  
Joseph Kantenbacher ◽  
Shahzeen Z. Attari
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Energy System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Shared Vision ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Energy System

How do people envision the future energy system in the United States with respect to using fossil fuels, renewable energy, and nuclear energy? Are there shared policy pathways of achieving a decarbonized energy system? Here, we present results of an online survey (n = 2,429) designed to understand public perceptions of the current and future energy mixes in the United States (i.e., energy sources used for electric power, transportation, industrial, commercial, and residential sectors). We investigate support for decarbonization policies and antidecarbonization policies and the relative importance of climate change as an issue. Surprisingly, we find bipartisan support for a decarbonized energy future. Although there is a shared vision for decarbonization, there are strong partisan differences regarding the policy pathways for getting there. On average, our participants think that climate change is not the most important problem facing the United States today, but they do view climate change as an important issue for the world today and for the United States and the world in the future.

scholarly journals WHAT ARE THE THREATS TO THE FUTURE OF THE WTO?

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 133-150
Author(s):  
Montej Abida ◽  
◽  
Ilhem Gargouri ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
World Trade ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Appellate Body ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Trade War ◽  
Regulatory Functions

Today we are witnessing a serious crisis that could lead to the collapse of the World Trade Organization (WTO). This crisis is the consequence of the uncooperative behavior of the triad: the United States, the European Union and East Asia. When there is a confrontation between these three most powerful regional blocs, there is inevitably a blockage and a destructive trade war similar to that of the 1930s. In these times of crisis, each country tries to save its economy by relying on the strategy of protectionism. The negotiation and regulatory functions of the WTO are paralyzed: the Dispute Settlement Body is seriously affected by the refusal of the United States, since 2016, to renew the members of the Appellate Body (AB) whose mandates were expiring. This jeopardizes international rules negotiated since 1947, when the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was created. The existence of liberalization fatigue and a growing rejection of globalization raises questions about the future of the WTO.

Hydrogen

2020 ◽  
pp. 403-446
Author(s):  
Paul F. Meier
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Fuel Cell Vehicle ◽  
Transportation Fuel ◽  
The World

In an effort to reduce the amount of crude oil used in the United States, a government program was started in 2002 to examine the use of hydrogen as a transportation fuel. In this application, hydrogen is used in a fuel cell vehicle to produce electricity. This allows a vehicle to enjoy the higher energy efficiency of a battery versus a gasoline-powered vehicle, while avoiding the frequent and long charging times needed for an electric vehicle. There are currently other applications for hydrogen in the United States and the world, primarily in refineries and the manufacture of ammonia. Unlike fossil fuels, such as coal, natural gas, and crude oil, there are no natural sources of hydrogen gas. There are several options for producing hydrogen, such as reforming natural gas or gasifying coal or biomass. Alternatively, a renewable energy source, such as wind or solar, could be used to produce hydrogen via water electrolysis.

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