3D Seismic Data Design, Acquisition and Interpretation of Kolmani Exploratory Field, Upper Benue Trough, Gongola Basin; Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usman Abdulkadir ◽  
Jamaluddeen Hashim ◽  
Ajay Kumar ◽  
Umar Yau ◽  
Akpam Simon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Subsequent Formation ◽  
Benue Trough ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Improve Design

Abstract In an Oil and Gas field development plan, identifying appropriate reservoir location of a field and deciding the best design strategy as well as meeting the economic hydrocarbon viability are imperative for sustainability. 3-Dimensional seismic data have become a key tool used by geophysicists in the Oil and Gas industry to identify and understand subsurface reservoir deposits. In addition to providing excellent structural images, the dense sampling of a 3D survey can sometimes make it possible to map reservoir quality and the distribution of Oil and Gas. Primarily, Seismic data sets were retrieved from the ongoing Kolmani exploratory work of upper Benue trough, bordering Gombe-Bauchi communities of Nigeria and Simulation study from improve design was conducted using PETREL and SURFER software's to obtain numerous coordinates from the source and receiver lines respectively and subsequent formation of strategic-designs that shows different arrangements of the prospect area, an interpretation of the acquired data sets that indicates the reservoir location appropriately and probable onset of drilling spot. The well to seismic was also merged using synthetic seismogram that shows the location of reservoir (s) from the seismic data obtained and four different wells with anticipated depths respectively. The overall aim of the whole design and simulation studies is to aid petroleum Geologist and Geophysicists avoids common pit falls by reducing dry holes and increasing the overall number of productive wells prior to actual commencement of drilling in this prospect area and elsewhere.

Financing Requirements for the Oil and Gas Industry - North America

1988 ◽  
Vol 6 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 317-322
Author(s):  
A.F. Grove
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Energy Company ◽  
Corporate Credit ◽  
Oil And Gas Field ◽  
Good Energy ◽  
Business Acumen

The characteristics of good energy company borrowers are strong management, integrity, diversification, flexibility, a sound financial basis and business acumen. Acceptable reasons for borrowing include requirements for working capital, plant expansion, modernisation, oil and gas field development and the manufacturing of oil tools and related products. Security for loans is based on the company's reserves, the duration of the debt and priority over other indebtedness. Most loans are evaluated on the grounds of general corporate credit, that is, the overall credit standing of the borrower.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Oil and Gas Economy using Economics Profit Indicators and Prototype Macro VBA Excel

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 549-558
Author(s):  
Juwairiah Juwairiah ◽  
Didik Indarwanta ◽  
Frans Richard Kodong
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Oil And Gas Field ◽  
Oil And Gas Sector

The oil and gas sector is an important factor in sustainable development, so it is considered necessary to make serious changes in conducting economic analysis on the oil and gas business. Oil and gas industry activities consist of upstream activities, and downstream activities. Activities in these upstream and downstream operations have high risk, high costs and high technology, so the company continuously tries to reduce the importance of the adverse impact of these risks on the work environment and people. Thus, evaluating the factors that affect sustainable production in this sector becomes a necessity. In this research will be evaluated the economy of the oil and gas field using methods of economic indicators, among others; NPV, POT, ROR, where these factors are estimated in order to be able to estimate the prospects of the oil and gas field so that the decision that the field development project can be implemented or cannot be taken immediately. Implementation of oil and gas field economic evaluation in this study using Macro VBA Excel. From several methods of economic analysis obtained that the results of this study show high precision compared to other methods, in addition to the way of evaluation using the above economic indicators is very popular.

Utilizing Pseudo Well Connections to Simulate Multi-Stage Hydraulic Fracturing - Example Based On the Study of a Tight Gas Asset

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aamir Lokhandwala ◽  
Vaibhav Joshi ◽  
Ankit Dutt
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Development Plan ◽  
Hydraulic Fractures ◽  
Tight Gas ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Fracture Modeling

Abstract Hydraulic fracturing is a widespread well stimulation treatment in the oil and gas industry. It is particularly prevalent in shale gas fields, where virtually all production can be attributed to the practice of fracturing. It is also used in the context of tight oil and gas reservoirs, for example in deep-water scenarios where the cost of drilling and completion is very high; well productivity, which is dictated by hydraulic fractures, is vital. The correct modeling in reservoir simulation can be critical in such settings because hydraulic fracturing can dramatically change the flow dynamics of a reservoir. What presents a challenge in flow simulation due to hydraulic fractures is that they introduce effects that operate on a different length and time scale than the usual dynamics of a reservoir. Capturing these effects and utilizing them to advantage can be critical for any operator in context of a field development plan for any unconventional or tight field. This paper focuses on a study that was undertaken to compare different methods of simulating hydraulic fractures to formulate a field development plan for a tight gas field. To maintaing the confidentiality of data and to showcase only the technical aspect of the workflow, we will refer to the asset as Field A in subsequent sections of this paper. Field A is a low permeability (0.01md-0.1md), tight (8% to 12% porosity) gas-condensate (API ~51deg and CGR~65 stb/mmscf) reservoir at ~3000m depth. Being structurally complex, it has a large number of erosional features and pinch-outs. The study involved comparing analytical fracture modeling, explicit modeling using local grid refinements, tartan gridding, pseudo-well connection approach and full-field unconventional fracture modeling. The result of the study was to use, for the first time for Field A, a system of generating pseudo well connections to simulate hydraulic fractures. The approach was found to be efficient both terms of replicating field data for a 10 year period while drastically reducing simulation runtime for the subsequent 10 year-period too. It helped the subsurface team to test multiple scenarios in a limited time-frame leading to improved project management.

Challenges of Developing Marginal Fields in the Current Climate of Oil and Gas Industry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amina Danmadami ◽  
Ibiye Iyalla ◽  
Gbenga Oluyemi ◽  
Jesse Andrawus
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Quality Technology ◽  
Indigenous Participation ◽  
Marginal Field

Abstract Marginal field development has gained relevance in oil producing countries because of the huge potential economic benefits it offers. The Federal Government of Nigeria commenced a Marginal Fields program in 2001 as part of her policy to improve the nation’s strategic oil and gas reserves and promote indigenous participation in the upstream sector. Twenty years after the award of marginal fields to indigenous companies to develop, 50% have developed and in production, 13% have made some progress with their acquisition while 37% remain undeveloped. The poor performance of the marginal field operators is due to certain challenges which have impeded their progress. A review of challenges of developing marginal fields in the current industry climate was conducted on marginal fields in Nigeria to identify keys issues. These were identified as: funding, technical, and public policy. Considering the complex, competitive and dynamic environment in which these oil and gas companies operate, with competition from renewables, pressure to reduce carbon footprint, low oil price and investors expectation of a good return, companies must maintain tight financial plan, minimize emissions from their operations and focus on efficiency through innovation. The study identifies the need for a decision-making approach that takes into consideration multi criteria such as cost, regulation, quality, technology, security, stakeholders, safety and environment, as important criteria based on which to evaluate the selection of appropriate development option for marginal fields.

Quantifying Economic Uncertainties and Risks in the Oil and Gas Industry

2021 ◽  
pp. 154-184
Author(s):  
Sorin Alexandru Gheorghiu ◽  
Cătălin Popescu
Keyword(s):  
Business Performance ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Water Injection ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Drilling Rig ◽  
Oil Field Development ◽  
Oil Gas

The present economic model is intended to provide an example of how to take into consideration risks and uncertainties in the case of a field that is developed with water injection. The risks and uncertainties are related, on one hand to field operations (drilling time, delays due to drilling problems, rig failures and materials supply, electric submersible pump [ESP] installations failures with the consequences of losing the well), and on the other hand, the second set of uncertainties are related to costs (operational expenditures-OPEX and capital expenditures-CAPEX, daily drilling rig costs), prices (oil, gas, separation, and water injection preparation), production profiles, and discount factor. All the calculations are probabilistic. The authors are intending to provide a comprehensive solution for assessing the business performance of an oil field development.

Practical aspects of working with 2D migrated seismic data

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. SG1-SG9
Author(s):  
Donald A. Herron ◽  
Timothy E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
3D Seismic ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Exploration And Production ◽  
3D Seismic Data ◽  
Fundamental Limitation

Despite the ever-increasing use of 3D seismic data in today’s exploration and production activities, 2D seismic data continue to play an important role in the oil and gas industry. Interpretations of 2D regional and megaregional surveys are essential elements of integrated exploration programs, establishing frameworks for basin analysis, structural synthesis, and play fairway identification and mapping. When correlating and mapping horizons on 2D migrated seismic data, interpreters use certain practical techniques for handling structural misties, which are caused by the fundamental limitation of 2D migration to account for out-of-plane components of dip.

Visualisation and delineation techniques adopted from other industries to increase productivity of the G&G work in the oil and gas industry

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 475
Author(s):  
Adrien Bisset ◽  
Christopher Han
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Data ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Frequency Decomposition ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Seismic Acquisition ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Human Interpretation

Given the recent increase of seismic data quality owing to improvements in seismic acquisition and processing, it is surprising to realise that the oil and gas industry is still using standard desktop screens with 256 colour resolution software displays, and for most of the seismic representations, using only three types of colour bars (peak-trough, grey scale or rainbow) for human interpretation, comprehension and decision making processes. Knowing that these displays show 0.000006% of the details captured in 32 bit resolution data, it is a wonder: is the oil and gas industry using the available data to its maximum potential to decrease the risk of drilling dry wells? Astronomy and medical imaging tackled these issues long ago and inspired by them, the oil and gas industry is able to use a 24 bit colour space for representing seismic data in a more appealing way. These innovative seismic data representations are called colour blends and are created using sources such as frequency decomposition products, angle stacks, edge attributes, 4D vintages or any other seismic attributes colour-coded with primary colours. Colour blends have not yet become mainstream due to availability of the tools. The cognitive cybernetics approach allows a more balanced input between data driven processes, interpreter skills and guidance, and has recently been made available for use with colour blends—a breakthrough in interpretation. This extended abstract shows recent advances in these two techniques and how they benefit to the geological and geophysical work based on a case study from the Australian and New Zealand sector.

Subsurface-to-Economics Closing the Loop on Uncertainty Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Galvin Shergill ◽  
Adrian Anton ◽  
Kwangwon Park
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Uncertainty Modeling ◽  
Weather Forecast ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Development Scenarios ◽  
Uncertainty Model

Abstract We are all aware that our future is uncertain. Although some aspects can be predicted with more certainty and others with less, essentially everything is uncertain. Uncertainty exists because of lack of data, lack of resources, and lack of understanding. We cannot measure everything, so there are always unknowns. Even measurements include measurement errors. Also, we do not always have enough resources to analyze the data obtained. In addition, we do not have a full understanding of how the world, or the universe, works (Park 2011). Every day we find ourselves in situations where we must make many decisions, big or small. We tend to make the decisions based on a prediction, despite knowing that it is uncertain. For instance, imagine how many decisions are made by people every day based on the probability of it raining tomorrow (i.e., based on the weather forecast). To have a good basis for making a decision, it is of critical importance to correctly model the uncertainty in the forecast. In the oil and gas industry, uncertainties are large and complex. Oil and gas fields have been developed and operated despite tremendous uncertainty in a variety of areas, including undiscovered media and unpredictable fluid in the subsurface, wells, unexpected facility and equipment costs, and economic, political, international, environmental, and many other risks. Another important aspect of uncertainty modeling is the feasibility of verifying the uncertainty model with the actual results. For example, in the weather forecast it was announced that the probability of raining the next day was 20%. And the next day it rained. Do we say the forecast was wrong? Can we say the forecast was right? In order to make sure the uncertainty model is correct; we should strictly verify all the assumptions and follow the mathematically, statistically, proven-to-be-correct methodology to model the uncertainty (Caers et al. 2010; Caers 2011). In this paper, we show an effective, rigorous method of modeling uncertainty in the expected performance of potential field development scenarios in the oil and gas field development planning given uncertainties in various domains from subsurface to economics. The application of this method is enabled by using technology as described in a later section.

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