Prevalence of depression and its association with parental neglect among adolescents at governmental high schools of Aksum town, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2019: A cross sectional study

10.21203/rs.2.17823/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Enguday Tirfeneh ◽

Mengesha Srah

Keyword(s):

High Schools ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Mental Illnesses ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Parental Neglect ◽

Prevalence Of Depression

Abstract Background depression is one of the most serious and prevalent mental illnesses that can result in serious disability and ending life by committing suicide and homicide. The risks of having depression are substantially higher in persons who have parental neglect when compared to the general population.Objective To detect prevalence of depression and its association with parental neglect among adolescents in governmental high schools at Aksum town, Tigray, Ethiopia 2019Method A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1-30/2019 at Aksum town high schools. Public health questionnaire was used in this study to detect Depression. Study participants were selected using simple random sampling technique. Data was collected with face to face interview. Data was analyzed using statistical package for social science version 22. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to see the association between depression and parental neglect. Adjusted Odds ratio at a p-value <0.05 with 95% confidence interval was taken to declare statistical significance of variables.

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Depression and Its Association with Parental Neglect among Adolescents at Governmental High Schools of Aksum Town, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2019: A Cross Sectional Study

Depression Research and Treatment ◽

10.1155/2020/6841390 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Enguday Tirfeneh ◽

Mengesha Srahbzu

Keyword(s):

High Schools ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Strong Association ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Mental Illnesses ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Parental Neglect ◽

Prevalence Of Depression

Background. Depression is one of the most serious and prevalent mental illnesses that can result in serious disability and ending life by committing suicide and homicide. The risks of having depression are substantially higher in persons who have parental neglect when compared to the general population. Objective. To detect prevalence of depression and its association with parental neglect among adolescents in governmental high schools at Aksum town, Tigray, Ethiopia, 2019. Method. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted at Aksum town high schools. A simple random sampling technique was applied. Data was collected with face-to-face interview. Data was analyzed using IBM Statistical Package for Social Science version 22. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were done. Adjusted odds ratio at a p value < 0.05 with 95% confidence interval was taken to declare statistical significance of variables. Result. A total of 624 students were asked to participate with a response rate of 99.05%. Prevalence of depression was found to be 36.2%. Depression among adolescents was found to have significant and strong association with parental neglect (AOR=2.61, 95% CI 1.83, 3.72). Conclusion and Recommendation. In the current study, the prevalence of depression is found to be high when compared to other populations. Significant and strong association is also determined between parental neglect and depression. It is good if teachers give emphasis for those students who seem psychologically unwell. It is good if Aksum University comprehensive hospital starts a campaign which will teach about the effect of parental neglect on the adolescents’ mental health.

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Prevalence and factors associated to depression among Debrebirhan University students: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-776940/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

(MD

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Considerable Proportion ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Debre Birhan

Abstract Background: Undiagnosed depression among university students has an adverse effect on the wellbeing and academic performance of students. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression and associated factors among Debre Birhan university students. Methodology: Institutional based cross-sectional study design is conducted in Debre Birhan University from April to June 2013 E.C. Three hundred sixty nine students participated in this study which was selected by simple random sampling technique. Data were collected by using a self-administered PHQ-9 standard depression questionnaire. First the data was entered into in Epidata 3.1 and then was exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Associated factors were identified using binary logistic regression and variables with a p-value < 0.05 were declared as statistically significant factors with the outcome variables. Result: All of the study subjects were between ages 18 and 33 with a mean age of 22.65 9 ± 2.78. The overall prevalence of depression is 17.1%. Among this according to PHQ-9 scores cut scores, 161(43.6 %) scored as normal (0–4), 145(39.3%) scored as mild (5–9), 53(14.4%) scored as moderate (10–14), 4(1.1%) scored as moderately severe (15–19) and 6(1.6%) students scored as sever (> 20). In multivariate analysis being female AOR = 9.28[3.47–24.81], academic year AOR = 0.236[0.059–0.936], smoking 26.3[9.33–74.1] and alcohol use AOR of 2.62[0.95–7.21] are significantly associated with depression. Conclusion and recommendation: This study found a considerable proportion of undergraduate students with depression. Higher institutions need to pay special attention to students especially those who are female, junior students, smokers and alcohol users.

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Status of knowledge regarding school health services among school teachers: a cross sectional study from a northern Indian state

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20205722 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 359

Author(s):

Aniruddh Ranga ◽

J. P. Majra

Keyword(s):

Health Services ◽

School Children ◽

School Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Age Group ◽

Sectional Study ◽

School Teachers ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Indian State

Background: School-age children spend one-third of their time in schools. Teachers are key personnel to look after the health of school children. Teachers can provide health education to school children, assess the school environment for better health outcomes, provide health care services and help in the maintenance of school health records. Aim of the study was to assess the status of knowledge of school health services (SHS) among school teachers.Methods: Government and private schools in a Northern Indian state. A community-based cross-sectional study. It includes 50 randomly selected designated schoolteachers for SHS by the PPS methods from the schools which were functional since at least five years in the study area. A pre-tested self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge regarding SHS. Percentage, proportion and χ2 test were used as statistical methods. The p-value 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: 38% participants were of 41-50 years of age group, 54% were females and 48% had an experience of ≤10 years. 22% participants had training regarding SHS. 40% participants had moderately adequate knowledge (p-value=0.04). It was observed to be more among participants of rural, government, age group of 31-40 years, with experience of 21-30years, female and among trained teachers for school health.Conclusions: School teachers were lacking in knowledge regarding environment and sanitation; communicable and non-communicable diseases; and health education for school children. We also observed that training regarding SHS was a majorly missing component which could be the reason behind poor level knowledge among schoolteachers.

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Prevalence of depression among medical students: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2021.28.12.6164 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 28 (12) ◽

pp. 1723-1731

Author(s):

Waseem Sajjad ◽

Anwisha Samreen ◽

Syed Asfand Yar Shah ◽

Afifa Batool ◽

Muhammad Umair ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Severe Depression ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Female Students ◽

Male Students ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Depression

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of depression among medical students and its association with various sociodemographic characteristics. Study Design: Cross-Sectional Study. Setting: Nishtar Medical University, Multan. Period: August 2019 to September 2020. Material & Methods: A sample of 315 medical students were chosen by stratified random sampling technique. Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) was used for screening and assessing the severity of depression. A special questionnaire was designed containing sociodemographic and educational characteristics. Data were collected via online forms and were analyzed using SPSS V26. Results: Out of 315 students, who participated in the study, 134 (42.5%) were female students, and 181 (57.5%) were male students. 63 (20%) students were taken from each academic year from 1st year through 5th year (final year). 64% of the students were suffering from depression. The proportion of students suffering from mild, moderate, moderately severe, and severe depression was 27%, 18%, 11%, and 8% respectively. Depression was more prevalent among female students (73.1%) as compared to male students (58.0%) with a p-value <0.05. Conclusion: Depression is a serious problem for medical students. It was significant among female, preclinical students, living in the home with a family history of depression in financial pressure. It should be sorted out early to make early interventions.

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Effect of stress on hypertension among professional groups at Bareilly: a cross sectional study

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20194004 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (9) ◽

pp. 3973

Author(s):

Shailesh Gupta ◽

Shruti Gupta

Keyword(s):

Stress Level ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Mild Stress ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Severe Stress ◽

School Teachers ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Moderate Stress ◽

Managerial Staff

Background: The objective of the present study was to study the effect of stress on hypertension in various professional groups.Methods: A cross sectional study was done from 1st August 2015 to 30th August 2017 in district Bareilly. A predesigned and pretested questionnaire was used comprising of demographic data and stress. Three types of professionals were included in this study: doctors, managerial staff and school teachers from the teaching institutions.Results: This study showed association of hypertension with stress level and found that 24.62% doctors, 72.31% school teachers and 27.69% managerial staff were hypertensive with mild stress level. Among all study subjects 41.54% were hypertensive with mild stress level. 15.38% doctors, 10.77% school teachers and 46.92% managerial staff were hypertensive with moderate stress level. Among all study subjects 24.36% were hypertensive with moderate stress level. 46.15% doctors, 0.76% school teachers and 8.46% managerial staff were hypertensive with severe stress level. Among all study subjects 18.46% were hypertensive with severe stress level. Chi-square test for association was applied and p-value was found significant for doctors, managerial staff and insignificant in school teachers. Among all study subjects p value 0.016 was found significant.Conclusions: The present study showed highly significant association for hypertension with stress level among doctors and managerial staff with p value (0.005) and (0.001).

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A cross sectional study on depression among elderly people living in old age homes in Kurnool city

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20205696 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 217

Author(s):

Persis S. Bathala ◽

Cynthia S. Sayolu

Keyword(s):

Old Age ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Important Public Health Problem ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Old Age Homes

Background: Aging is a normal process, which is associated with physical, social and psychological changes. Depression among elderly is an important public health problem responsible for considerable morbidity and disability. Hence this study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of depression among inmates of old age homes. The main was to know the prevalence and level of depression and to assess socio demographic factors associated with depression among inmates of old age homes.Methods: A cross sectional study was done from August 2019 to October 2019 in old age homes of Kurnool city with a sample size of 60 by simple random sampling. Depression was assessed using geriatric depression scale. Data entered in MS Excel version 7 and analysed by SPSS version 21. Chi-square test was applied to test the significance and p value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: The overall prevalence of depression was found to be 66.7% among inmates and is positively associated with female sex, increasing age, illiteracy, low socio economic status economical dependency and dependency for daily activities.Conclusions: As the prevalence of depression is more among inmates there is a need to provide emotional support and facilities to engage them in various social activities of the community especially the elder females to prevent them from being depressed.

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How Large is The Burden of Depression in A Medical School? A Cross-Sectional Study Among Medical Students in Nigeria

10.21203/rs.3.rs-93467/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Edmund Ndudi Ossai ◽

Irene Ifeyinwa Eze ◽

Rejoice Chinecherem Onyenakazi ◽

Elias Ifeyinwa Ugebe ◽

Basil C Eze ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Medical Students ◽

Medical School ◽

Medical Curriculum ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Depression

Abstract Background: Mental health of students deteriorate when they begin studies in a medical school and remains poor throughout the period of training. Notwithstanding that medical students of today are the physicians of tomorrow who need to have stable mental health for effective performance, mental status of this group have not been adequately explored in the Nigeria context. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of depression and associated factors among medical students in Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out on all matriculated medical students of Ebonyi state University Abakaliki, Nigeria. Information was obtained from 522 medical students that were eligible to participate in the study using self-administered structured questionnaire. Becks Depression Inventory was used to determine the prevalence of depression. Chi square test was used in the analysis to ascertain association between variables. Level of statistical significance was determined by a p value of <0.05.Results: Mean age of the students was 23.2±3.3 years and majority, 60.2% were males. Prevalence of depression was 17.4%. Third-year class (major examination class) had the highest proportion of students who were depressed, 24.2% while final year class had the least, 8.8%. Coping mechanisms for low moods included sleeping, 50.4% and having interactions with colleagues, 46.9%. Factors associated with depression included being <25 years, (p=0.008), being in clinical school, (p=0.023) and being afraid some students may not graduate from medical school, (p=0.030).Conclusions: Burden of depression was high among the students and most pronounced among third year students. There is need for proper orientation of newly admitted medical students on the medical curriculum by authorities of the university. Medical students preparing for major examinations should be well supported and encouraged by their colleagues and efforts should be made to decrease undue anxiety among the students. Adequate measures should be put in place for early detection and prompt management of cases of depression among the students.

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Prevalence and factors associated to depression among Debrebirhan University students: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-776940/v2 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Marishet Agumasie Tamene ◽

Biruk Dagne

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Considerable Proportion ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Prevalence Of Depression ◽

Debre Birhan

Abstract Background: Undiagnosed depression among university students has an adverse effect on the wellbeing and academic performance of students. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression and associated factors among Debre Birhan university students. Methodology: Institutional based cross-sectional study design is conducted in Debre Birhan University from April to June 2013 E.C. Three hundred sixty nine students participated in this study which was selected by simple random sampling technique. Data were collected by using a self-administered PHQ-9 standard depression questionnaire. First the data was entered into in Epidata 3.1 and then was exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Associated factors were identified using binary logistic regression and variables with a p-value < 0.05 were declared as statistically significant factors with the outcome variables. Result: All of the study subjects were between ages 18 and 33 with a mean age of 22.65 9 ± 2.78. The overall prevalence of depression is 17.1%. Among this according to PHQ-9 scores cut scores, 161(43.6 %) scored as normal (0–4), 145(39.3%) scored as mild (5–9), 53(14.4%) scored as moderate (10–14), 4(1.1%) scored as moderately severe (15–19) and 6(1.6%) students scored as sever (> 20). In multivariate analysis being female AOR = 9.28[3.47–24.81], academic year AOR = 0.236[0.059–0.936], smoking 26.3[9.33–74.1] and alcohol use AOR of 2.62[0.95–7.21] are significantly associated with depression. Conclusion and recommendation: This study found a considerable proportion of undergraduate students with depression. Higher institutions need to pay special attention to students especially those who are female, junior students, smokers and alcohol users.

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Faktor Risiko Kejadian Penyakit Kulit Pada Pekerja Pengangkut Sampah Di Kota Jambi

Riset Informasi Kesehatan ◽

10.30644/rik.v6i2.87 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 129

Author(s):

Entia Nopa ◽

Ranissa Dwi Imansari ◽

Irwandi Rachman

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Personal Hygiene ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional

Faktor Risiko Kejadian Penyakit Kulit Pada Pekerja Pengangkut Sampah Di Kota Jambi 1Entianopa, 2Ranissa Dwi Imansari, 3Irwandi Rachman 123Program Studi Kesehatan Masyarakat STIKES Harapan Ibu, Jambi Abstrak Latar Belakang: Kulit merupakan organ terbesar pada tubuh manusia yang membungkus otot-otot dan organ-organ dalam serta merupakan jalinan jaringan pembuluh darah, saraf, dan kelenjar yang tidak berujung, semuanya memiliki potensi untuk terserang penyakit yang salah satunya adalah penyakit kulit. Penyakit kulit merupakan salah satu gangguan kesehatan yang sering dialami oleh pekerja pengangkut sampah. Berdasarkan komposisi sampah yang diangkut serta waktu paparan kerja. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara masa kerja, pemakaian Alat Pelindung Diri (APD), dan personal hygiene dengan kejadian penyakit kulit pada pekerja pengangkut sampah di Kota Jambi. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian cross sectional study. Sampel penelitian yaitu sebanyak 62 pekerja pengangkut sampah yang berada di Kantor Pekerjaan Umum dan Penata Ruang, yang mana seluruh populasi dijadikan sampel. Data dikumpulkan berdasarkan pemeriksaan kesehatan oleh dokter dan dengan kuesioner, kemudian dianalisa menggunakan uji statistik chi-square. Hasil: Hasil menunjukan bahwa pekerja yang mengalami penyakit kulit sebanyak 35 pekerja (56,5%). Berdasarkan hasil analisis chi-square didapatkan bahwa ada hubungan yang bermakna antara masa kerja dengan kejadian penyakit kulit pada pekerja pengangkut sampah dimana nilai (p-value= 0,006), Pemakaian Alat Pelindung Diri (APD) nilai (p-value= 0,008), personal hygiene nilai (p-value= 0,008). Kesimpulan: Untuk meminimalisir risiko terjadinya penyakit kulit pada pekerja pengangkut sampah disarankan perlunya disusun standar operasional prosedur yang aman, penyediaan sarana sanitasi agar dapat mengurangi resiko terkena penyakit kulit. Pentingnya pemakaian APD dan perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat selama bekerja, serta diharapkan pekerja menggunakan APD pada saat bekerja dan lebih memperhatikan personal hygiene. Kata kunci : Masa Kerja, APD, Personal Hygiene

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