scholarly journals Prevalence and molecular detection of shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli from diarrheic cattle

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Akter ◽  
S Majumder ◽  
KH MNH Nazir ◽  
M Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Positive Isolate

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are zoonotically important pathogen which causes hemorrhagic colitis, diarrhea, and hemolytic uremic syndrome in animals and humans. The present study was designed to isolate and identify the STEC from fecal samples of diarrheic cattle. A total of 35 diarrheic fecal samples were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) Veterinary Teaching Hospital. The samples were primarily examined for the detection of E. coli by cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics, followed by confirmation of the isolates by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using gene specific primers. Later, the STEC were identified among the isolated E. coli through detection of Stx-1 and Stx-2 genes using duplex PCR. Out of 35 samples, 25 (71.43%) isolates were confirmed to be associated with E. coli, of which only 7 (28%) isolates were shiga toxin producers, and all of them were positive for Stx-1. However, no Stx-2 positive isolate could be detected. From this study, it may be concluded that cattle can act as a reservoir of STEC which may transmit to human or other animals.J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 14(1): 63-68, June 2016

scholarly journals High Frequency of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in HIV-Infected Patients and Patients with Thalassemia in Kerman, Iran

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesam Alizade ◽  
Hamid Sharifi ◽  
Zahedeh Naderi ◽  
Reza Ghanbarpour ◽  
Mehdi Bamorovat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Diarrheagenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain

This study was conducted on patients with thalassemia and HIV-infected patients to determine the frequency of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in Kerman, Iran. We analyzed 68 and 49 E coli isolates isolated from healthy fecal samples of patients with thalassemia and HIV-infected patients, respectively. The E coli isolates were studied using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction to identify the enterotoxigenic E coli (ETEC), enterohemorrhagic E coli (EHEC), and enteropathogenic E coli (EPEC) groups. Statistical analysis was carried out to determine the correlation of diarrheagenic E coli between HIV-infected patients and patients with thalassemia using Stata 11.2 software. The frequency of having at least 1 diarrheagenic E coli was more common in patients with thalassemia (67.64%) than in HIV-infected patients (57.14%; P = .25), including ETEC (67.64% versus 57.14%), EHEC (33.82% versus 26.53%), and EPEC (19.11% versus 16.32%). The results of this study indicate that ETEC, EHEC, and EPEC pathotypes are widespread among diarrheagenic E coli isolates in patients with thalassemia and HIV-infected patients.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance in Ciprofloxacin-Resistant Escherichia coli from Urine of Patients attending Garki Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moses Oghenaigah Eghieye ◽  
Istifanus Haruna Nkene ◽  
Rejoice Helma Abimiku ◽  
Yakubu Boyi Ngwai ◽  
Ibrahim Yahaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Quinolone Resistance ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Tract Infections

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli) is common worldwide; and its successful treatment using antibiotics is limited by acquisition of resistance by the bacteria. This study investigated the occurrence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes in ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli from urine of patients with suspected cases of UTIs attending Garki Hospital Abuja (GHA), Nigeria. A total of 8 confirmed ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli was screened for carriage of PMQR genes using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. The occurrences of the PMQR genes detected were in the order: aac-(6′)-Ib-cr (87.5%) > qnrB (50.0%) > qnrS (37.5%) > oqxAB (12.5%) > qnrA(0.0%). qnrB and qnrS did not exist alone, but in combination with other genes; aac-(6′)-Ib-crexisted both alone and in combination with others; the most prevalent patterns of existence were aac-(6′)-Ib-cr alone and aac-(6′)-Ib-cr + qnrB + qnrS at 25.0% each. This study has shown that the ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli harbored aac-(6′)-Ib-cr, qnrB, qnrS and oqxAB PMQR genes, with aac-(6′)-Ib-cr being the most prevalent. The genes were present either alone or in combination with one another. This has implication for the clinical application of fluoroquinolones to treat UTI in the study location and environs. 

Escherichia coli O157 and non-O157 Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli in Fecal Samples of Finished Pigs at Slaughter in Switzerland

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. KAUFMANN ◽  
C. ZWEIFEL ◽  
M. BLANCO ◽  
J. E. BLANCO ◽  
J. BLANCO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
E Coli ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Strain Testing ◽  
Typical Epec ◽  
Uremic Syndrome

Fecal samples from 630 slaughtered finisher pigs were examined by PCR to assess the shedding of Escherichia coli O157 (rfbE) and Shiga toxin–producing E. coli (STEC, stx). The proportion of positive samples was 7.5% for rfbE and 22% for stx. By colony hybridization, 31 E. coli O157 and 45 STEC strains were isolated, and these strains were further characterized by phenotypic and genotypic traits. Among E. coli O157 strains, 30 were sorbitol positive, 30 had an H type other than H7, and none harbored stx genes. Intimin (eae), enterohemolysin (ehxA), EAST1 (astA), and porcine A/E–associated protein (paa) were present in 10, 3, 26, and 6% of strains. Among them, one eae-γ1–positive O157:H7 strain testing positive for ehxA and astA and two eae-α1–positive O157:H45 strains were classified as enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC). The O157:H45 EPEC harbored the EAF plasmid and the bfpA gene, factors characteristic for typical EPEC. The isolated STEC strains (43 sorbitol positive) belonged to 11 O:H serotypes, including three previously reported in human STEC causing hemolytic uremic syndrome (O9:H−, O26:H−, and O103:H2). All but one strain harbored stx2e. The eae and ehxA genes, which are strongly correlated with human disease, were present in only one O103:H2 strain positive for stx1 and paa, whereas the astA gene was found more frequently (14 strains). High prevalence of STEC was found among finisher pigs, but according to the virulence factors the majority of these strains seem to be of low virulence.

Prevalence and Characteristics of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli in Beef Cattle Slaughtered on Prince Edward Island

2000 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 1583-1586 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. DOUGLAS SCHURMAN ◽  
HARRY HARIHARAN ◽  
SUSAN B HEANEY ◽  
KRIS RAHN
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Positive Sample ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Human Illness ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Fecal swabs obtained from a random sample of 1,000 beef slaughter steers and heifers from 123 Prince Edward Island (P.E.I.) farms were examined for the presence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) using a Vero cell assay (VCA). Multiple isolates from each positive sample were tested similarly. VCA-positive isolates were confirmed as E. coli biochemically, tested for drug resistance, serotyped, and tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Animals were classified as positive when an isolate was positive on VCA and the presence of the gene responsible for toxin production was confirmed by PCR. The prevalence of STEC in beef slaughter steers and heifers on P.E.I. was 4% (40 of 1,000). The total number of isolates was 43, and these comprised 26 serotypes, including 13 isolates belonging to 6 serotypes known to be associated with human illness. The most frequently isolated STEC serotype was E. coli O157 (5 isolates out of 43). Of the five E. coli O157 isolates, four were E. coli O157:H7, a serious human pathogen. The majority of STEC isolates, including all O157:H7, isolates, were susceptible to 16 commonly used antimicrobial drugs. According to PCR, 65% of the STEC isolates had the gene for Stx1. Four of these isolates, including two O157: H7, had genes for Shiga toxin (Stx)1 and Stx2.

scholarly journals Fallow Deer (Dama dama) as a Reservoir of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli (STEC)

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 881
Author(s):  
Anna Szczerba-Turek ◽  
Bernard Kordas
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Foodborne Pathogens ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Fallow Deer ◽  
Dama Dama ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Deer Population ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia (E.) coli (STEC) are responsible for the outbreaks of serious diseases in humans. Only a few reports on fallow deer as a reservoir of foodborne pathogens have been published to date. The purpose of this study was to determine the occurrence of STEC strains in the fallow deer population in Poland. In all, 94 fallow deer swabs were tested. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect the virulence profile of stx1, stx2 and eae or aggR genes, to identify the subtypes of stx1 and stx2 genes and to perform O and H serotyping. STEC and attaching and effacing (AE)-STEC were identified in 13 isolates (13.83%). The most hazardous virulence profile was detected in three strains, namely stx2d serotype O103:HNM, eae/stx1a serotype O26:HNM and eae/stx1a serotype O157:H7. The predominant stx gene was stx2, which was identified in 76.92% of isolates. E. coli O157 was detected in 4/94 (4.26%). Other E. coli serogroups, O26, O103, O111 and O145, were identified in 14/94 fallow deer (14.89%). The present findings suggest that fallow deer are carriers of STEC/AE-STEC that are potentially pathogenic to humans.

Detection of Viable Shiga Toxin–Producing Escherichia coli by Quantitative Competitive Polymerase Chain Reaction

2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 1277-1282 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. LI ◽  
M. A. DRAKE
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Ground Beef ◽  
Multiple Time ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Competitive Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain

With the use of Escherichia coli O157:H7 as a model, a procedure for the quantitative detection of viable Shiga toxin–producing E. coli (STEC) in broth and cooked ground beef enrichments with multiple–time point quantitative competitive polymerase chain reaction (QC-PCR) was developed. The A subunit (a 401-bp fragment) of the stx2 gene was chosen as a target sequence. Immunomagnetic separation (IMS) was used to isolate and concentrate cells from ground beef enrichments. Cell viability was confirmed on the basis of the quantitative increase in the signal of target bands from QC-PCR across multiple time points. The application of IMS increased detection limits relative to those for QC-PCR without IMS. E. coli O157:H7 inoculated at 0.20 CFU/g of cooked ground beef (25 g of ground beef plus 225 ml of Bacto modified EC medium plus novobiocin) was detected and confirmed to be viable in <15 h. A DNA-based molecular approach can be used to determine cell viability.

Sorbitol non-fermenting shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coliin cattle on smallholdings

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
pp. 94-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Z. ISLAM ◽  
J. P. CHRISTENSEN ◽  
P. K. BISWAS
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain

SUMMARYWe investigated faecal samples collected from the rectum of 518 cattle on 371 randomly selected smallholdings in Bangladesh for the presence of sorbitol non-fermenting (SN-F) shiga toxin-producingEscherichia coli(STEC). The SN-F isolates were tested for the presence ofrfbO157,stx1, stx2, eaeandhlyAgenes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Seven SN-F isolates lacking these genes were profiled by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to verify their clonality. SN-FE. coliwas identified in 44 [8·5%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 6·4–11·2] samples; of these, 28 (5·4%, 95% CI 3·8–7·7) had shiga toxin-producing strains, although only two carried therfbO157 gene. Thirteen isolates carried thehlyAgene while 18 harboured theeaegene. Based on PFGE, six pulsotypes were observed among the seven isolates that had no virulence genes. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report on shiga toxin-producingE. colifrom direct rectal faecal samples of cattle on smallholdings.

scholarly journals Prevalence of virulence factors in Escherichia coli strains isolated from the genital tract of healthy cows

2007 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 564-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Resende ◽  
E. Santo ◽  
C. Macedo ◽  
J.M. Marin
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bacterial Pathogenicity ◽  
Polymerase Chain

The prevalence of virulence genes expressing fimbriae, production of hemolysin, colicin and aerobactin, was determined in Escherichia coli isolates from healthy cow’s genital tract not showing clinical signs of infection. The presence of fimbriae expression genes (pap, sfa, afa) was assayed using specific primers in a polymerase chain reaction; none were detected in any of the isolates. Yet, a prevalence of 90.4%, 69.8%, and 28.5% of virulence factors for colicin, hemolysin and aerobactin respectively, was detected in the isolates. Analysis of the bacterial pathogenicity of isolates from the bovine genital tract may contribute towards the understanding of E. coli behavior.

scholarly journals Virulence genes in Escherichia coli isolates from commercialized saltwater mussels Mytella guyanensis (Lamarck, 1819)

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Barbosa ◽  
T. A. Conceição ◽  
M. D. Baliza ◽  
V. M. A. Camilo ◽  
P. J. L. Juiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Handling Practices ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion Medium

Abstract The isolation of Escherichia coli from food is a major concern. Pathogenic strains of these bacteria cause diseases which range from diarrhea to hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Therefore the virulence genes in E. coli isolates from the mussel ( Mytella guyanensis) commercialized in Cachoeira, Bahia, Brazil were investigated. Samples were purchased from four vendors: two from supermarkets and two from fair outlets. They were conditioned into isothermal boxes with reusable ice and transported to the laboratory for analysis. E. coli strains were isolated in eosin methylene blue agar, preserved in brain-heart infusion medium with 15% glycerol and stored at -20 °C, after microbiological analysis. Virulence genes in the isolated strains were identified by specific primers, with Polymerase Chain Reaction. Twenty-four isolates were obtained, with a prevalence of elt gene, typical from enterotoxigenic infection, in 75% of the isolates. The stx and bfpA genes, prevalent in enterohemorragic and enteropathogenic E. coli, respectively, were not detected. The occurrence of elt virulence-related gene in the E. coli isolates of Mytella guyanensis reveals urgent improvement in food processing, including good handling practices, adequate storage and cooking before consumption, to ensure consumer’s health.

scholarly journals Molecular detection of β-lactamase genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolated from different clinical sources

2022 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 170-180
Author(s):  
Kamal Ismael Bakr ◽  
Sherko Muhammed Abdul-Rahman ◽  
Rebwar Muhammad Hamasalih
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Recent Emergence ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Pcr Test

The rising occurrence of infections generated by Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae that produce extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) is reason for concern. Due to the recent emergence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms that develop ESBL. The purpose of this work was to detect the ESBLs in clinical isolates of E. coli and K. pneumoniae. 118 samples of E. coli and 63 isolates of K. pneumoniae were collected from clinical samples. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect β-lactamase genes (i.e., blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M). Phenotypic detection revealed that 48.31% and 85.19% of E. coli and K. pneumoniae produced ESBLs, respectively. Whereas screening of ESBL genes in both bacteria employing a multiplex PCR test revealed that 24.58% of the ESBL-producing E. coli strains contained blaTEM, 50.85% contained blaSHV, and 32.2% contained blaCTX-M. Nevertheless, in K. pneumoniae, 40.74% blaTEM, 35.19% blaSHV, and 64.81% blaCTX-M genes were present. Antimicrobial resistance profiles of E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates to twenty antibiotics were observed to vary significantly. Additionally, it was determined that the majority of E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR). Additionally, 80.51% of E. coli isolates were resistant to the AMC antibiotic, while 0.00% were resistant to IPM and MEM. From the other hand, the resistant proportion of K. pneumoniae isolates was heterogeneous, ranging from 69.84% against CAZ to 0.00% against CIP and G antibiotics. The blaSHV gene was the most widespread among different forms of ESBLs in E. coli, but the most common gene in K. pneumoniae isolates was blaCTX-M (64.81%).

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