scholarly journals Educational roles as a continuum of mentoring’s role in medicine – A systematic review and thematic analysis of educational studies from 2000 to 2018

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalit Krishna ◽  
Yaazhini Renganathan ◽  
Kuang Teck Tay ◽  
Benjamin Jia Xing Tan ◽  
Jia Yan Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Mentor Training ◽  
Role Modelling ◽  
Staged Approach ◽  
Educational Studies

Abstract Introduction: Mentoring studies have gone through great lengths to differentiate mentoring from teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision in efforts to better understand mentoring processes. This review seeks to evaluate the notion that teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision may in fact be part of the mentoring process. To evaluate this theory, this review scrutinizes current literature on teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision to evaluate their commonalities with prevailing concepts of novice mentoring. Methods: A three staged approach is adopted to evaluate this premise. Stage one involves four systematic reviews into teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision published between 1st January 2000 and 31st December 2018. Braun and Clarke’s (2006) approach to thematic analysis was used to identify key elements within these approaches and facilitate comparisons between them. Stage two will provide an updated view of novice mentoring to contextualize the discussion. Stage three infuses mentoring into the findings delineated in stage one. Results: 17499 citations were reviewed, 235 full-text articles were reviewed, and 104 articles were thematically analysed. Four themes were identified – characteristics, processes, nature of relationship, and problems faced in each of the four educational roles. Discussion: Role modelling, teaching and tutoring, coaching and supervision lie within a mentoring spectrum of increasingly structured interactions assisted by assessments, feedback and personalised support that culminate with a mentoring approach. Still requiring validation these findings necessitate a reconceptualization of mentoring and changes to mentor training programs and how mentoring is assessed and supported.

scholarly journals Educational roles as a continuum of mentoring’s role in medicine – a systematic review and thematic analysis of educational studies from 2000 to 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalit Kumar Radha Krishna ◽  
Yaazhini Renganathan ◽  
Kuang Teck Tay ◽  
Benjamin Jia Xing Tan ◽  
Jia Yan Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Junior Doctor ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Senior Physician ◽  
Mentor Training ◽  
Role Modelling ◽  
Staged Approach ◽  
One To One

Abstract Background Recent studies have gone to great lengths to differentiate mentoring from teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision in efforts to better understand mentoring processes. This review seeks to evaluate the notion that teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision may in fact all be part of the mentoring process. To evaluate this theory, this review scrutinizes current literature on teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision to evaluate their commonalities with prevailing concepts of novice mentoring. Methods A three staged approach is adopted to evaluate this premise. Stage one involves four systematic reviews on one-to-one learning interactions in teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision within Internal Medicine, published between 1st January 2000 and 31st December 2018. Braun and Clarke’s (2006) approach to thematic analysis was used to identify key elements within these approaches and facilitate comparisons between them. Stage two provides an updated view of one-to-one mentoring between a senior physician and a medical student or junior doctor to contextualise the discussion. Stage three infuses mentoring into the findings delineated in stage one. Results Seventeen thousand four hundred ninety-nine citations were reviewed, 235 full-text articles were reviewed, and 104 articles were thematically analysed. Four themes were identified – characteristics, processes, nature of relationship, and problems faced in each of the four educational roles. Conclusions Role modelling, teaching and tutoring, coaching and supervision lie within a mentoring spectrum of increasingly structured interactions, assisted by assessments, feedback and personalised support that culminate with a mentoring approach. Still requiring validation, these findings necessitate a reconceptualization of mentoring and changes to mentor training programs and how mentoring is assessed and supported.

scholarly journals Educational roles as a continuum of mentoring’s role in medicine – A systematic review and thematic analysis of educational studies from 2000 to 2018

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalit Krishna ◽  
Yaazhini Renganathan ◽  
Kuang Teck Tay ◽  
Benjamin Jia Xing Tan ◽  
Jia Yan Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Junior Doctor ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Senior Physician ◽  
Mentor Training ◽  
Role Modelling ◽  
Staged Approach ◽  
One To One

Abstract Introduction: Recent studies have gone to great lengths to differentiate mentoring from teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision in efforts to better understand mentoring processes. This review seeks to evaluate the notion that teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision may in fact be part of the mentoring process. To evaluate this theory, this review scrutinizes current literature on teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision to evaluate their commonalities with prevailing concepts of novice mentoring. Methods: A three staged approach is adopted to evaluate this premise. Stage one involves four systematic reviews on one-to-one learning interactions in teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision within Internal Medicine, published between 1st January 2000 and 31st December 2018. Braun and Clarke’s (2006) approach to thematic analysis was used to identify key elements within these approaches and facilitate comparisons between them. Stage two provides an updated view of one-to-one mentoring between a senior physician and a medical student or junior doctor to contextualise the discussion. Stage three infuses mentoring into the findings delineated in stage one. Results: 17499 citations were reviewed, 235 full-text articles were reviewed, and 104 articles were thematically analysed. Four themes were identified – characteristics, processes, nature of relationship, and problems faced in each of the four educational roles. Discussion: Role modelling, teaching and tutoring, coaching and supervision lie within a mentoring spectrum of increasingly structured interactions, assisted by assessments, feedback and personalised support that culminate with a mentoring approach. Still requiring validation, these findings necessitate a reconceptualization of mentoring and changes to mentor training programs and how mentoring is assessed and supported.

scholarly journals Educational roles as a continuum of mentoring’s role in medicine – A systematic review and thematic analysis of educational studies from 2000 to 2018

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalit Krishna ◽  
Yaazhini Renganathan ◽  
Kuang Teck Tay ◽  
Benjamin Jia Xing Tan ◽  
Jia Yan Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Junior Doctor ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Senior Physician ◽  
Mentor Training ◽  
Role Modelling ◽  
Staged Approach ◽  
One To One

Abstract Background: Recent studies have gone to great lengths to differentiate mentoring from teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision in efforts to better understand mentoring processes. This review seeks to evaluate the notion that teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision may in fact all be part of the mentoring process. To evaluate this theory, this review scrutinizes current literature on teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision to evaluate their commonalities with prevailing concepts of novice mentoring. Methods: A three staged approach is adopted to evaluate this premise. Stage one involves four systematic reviews on one-to-one learning interactions in teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision within Internal Medicine, published between 1st January 2000 and 31st December 2018. Braun and Clarke’s (2006) approach to thematic analysis was used to identify key elements within these approaches and facilitate comparisons between them. Stage two provides an updated view of one-to-one mentoring between a senior physician and a medical student or junior doctor to contextualise the discussion. Stage three infuses mentoring into the findings delineated in stage one. Results: 17499 citations were reviewed, 235 full-text articles were reviewed, and 104 articles were thematically analysed. Four themes were identified – characteristics, processes, nature of relationship, and problems faced in each of the four educational roles. Conclusions: Role modelling, teaching and tutoring, coaching and supervision lie within a mentoring spectrum of increasingly structured interactions, assisted by assessments, feedback and personalised support that culminate with a mentoring approach. Still requiring validation, these findings necessitate a reconceptualization of mentoring and changes to mentor training programs and how mentoring is assessed and supported.

scholarly journals Educational roles as a continuum of mentoring’s role in medicine – A systematic review and thematic analysis of educational studies from 2000 to 2018

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalit Krishna ◽  
Yaazhini Renganathan ◽  
Kuang Teck Tay ◽  
Benjamin Jia Xing Tan ◽  
Jia Yan Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Junior Doctor ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Senior Physician ◽  
Mentor Training ◽  
Role Modelling ◽  
Staged Approach ◽  
One To One

Abstract Background: Recent studies have gone to great lengths to differentiate mentoring from teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision in efforts to better understand mentoring processes. This review seeks to evaluate the notion that teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision may in fact all be part of the mentoring process. To evaluate this theory, this review scrutinizes current literature on teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision to evaluate their commonalities with prevailing concepts of novice mentoring. Methods: A three staged approach is adopted to evaluate this premise. Stage one involves four systematic reviews on one-to-one learning interactions in teaching, tutoring, role modelling, coaching and supervision within Internal Medicine, published between 1st January 2000 and 31st December 2018. Braun and Clarke’s (2006) approach to thematic analysis was used to identify key elements within these approaches and facilitate comparisons between them. Stage two provides an updated view of one-to-one mentoring between a senior physician and a medical student or junior doctor to contextualise the discussion. Stage three infuses mentoring into the findings delineated in stage one. Results: 17499 citations were reviewed, 235 full-text articles were reviewed, and 104 articles were thematically analysed. Four themes were identified – characteristics, processes, nature of relationship, and problems faced in each of the four educational roles. Conclusions: Role modelling, teaching and tutoring, coaching and supervision lie within a mentoring spectrum of increasingly structured interactions, assisted by assessments, feedback and personalised support that culminate with a mentoring approach. Still requiring validation, these findings necessitate a reconceptualization of mentoring and changes to mentor training programs and how mentoring is assessed and supported.

scholarly journals Effect of ACL Reconstruction on Range of Tibial Rotation: A Systematic Review of Current Literature and a Recommendation for a Standard Measuring Protocol

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 232596712094596
Author(s):  
Mark J.M. Zee ◽  
Bart J. Robben ◽  
Rutger G. Zuurmond ◽  
Sjoerd K. Bulstra ◽  
Ronald L. Diercks
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Acl Reconstruction ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Rotational Stability ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Tibial Rotation ◽  
Study Protocols ◽  
Accompanying Injuries

Background: Tibial rotation is an important topic in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery, and many efforts are being made to address rotational stability. The exact role of the ACL in controlling tibial rotation in clinical studies is unknown. Purpose: To quantify the effect of ACL reconstruction on the amount of tibial rotation based on the current available literature. Study Design: Systematic review; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A literature search of the PubMed and EMBASE databases was performed in August 2019. Two independent reviewers reviewed titles and abstracts as well as full-text articles. A total of 2383 studies were screened for eligibility. After screening of titles and abstracts, 178 articles remained for full-text assessment. Ultimately, 13 studies were included for analysis. A quality assessment was performed by means of the RoB 2.0 (revised tool for Risk of Bias in randomized trials) and the ROBINS-I (Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies–of Interventions) tools. Results: According to the studies using computer-assisted surgery that were included in this review, ACL reconstruction resulted in an average reduction in tibial rotation of 17% to 32% compared with preoperatively; whether the range of tibial rotation returned to preinjury levels remained unclear. In the current literature, a gold standard for measuring tibial rotation is lacking. Major differences between the study protocols were found. Several techniques for measuring tibial rotation were used, each with its own limitations. Most studies lacked proper description of accompanying injuries. Conclusion: ACL reconstruction reduced the range of tibial rotation by 17% to 32%. Normal values for the range of tibial rotation in patients with ACL deficiency and those who undergo ACL reconstruction could not be provided based on the current available literature owing to a lack of uniform measuring techniques and protocols. Therefore, we advocate uniformity in measuring tibial rotation.

scholarly journals Borrowing trouble? The impact of a systematic review service on interlibrary loan borrowing in an academic health sciences library

2021 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christy Jarvis ◽  
Joan Marcotte Gregory ◽  
Alison Mortensen-Hayes ◽  
Mary McFarland
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Financial Impact ◽  
Interlibrary Loan ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Academic Health ◽  
Sample Data ◽  
The Impact

Background: With the mandate to review all available literature in the study’s inclusion parameters, systematic review projects are likely to require full-text access to a significant number of articles that are not available in a library’s collection, thereby necessitating ordering content via interlibrary loan (ILL). The aim of this study is to understand what effect a systematic review service has on the copyright royalty fees accompanying ILL requests at an academic health sciences library.Case Presentation: The library created a custom report using ILLiad data to look specifically at 2018 ILL borrowing requests that were known to be part of systematic reviews. This subset of borrowing activity was then analyzed to determine its impact on the library’s copyright royalty expenditures for the year. In 2018, copyright eligible borrowing requests that were known to be part of systematic reviews represented only approximately 5% of total filled requests that involved copyright eligible borrowing. However, these systematic review requests directly or indirectly caused approximately 10% of all the Spencer S. Eccles Library copyright royalty expenditures for 2018 requests.Conclusion: Based on the sample data set, the library’s copyright royalty expenditures did increase, but the overall financial impact was modest.

A systematic review on the health of African immigrants in the United States: synthesizing recommendations for future research

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-136
Author(s):  
Jason Semprini
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Full Text ◽  
African Immigrants ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Final Synthesis

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to conduct a systematic review of published literature studying the health of African immigrants in the USA and to develop a formal set of recommendations for future researchers aiming to improve the health outcomes in this population. Design/methodology/approach A comprehensive search was initiated on PubMed, Cochrane, ERIC, DOAJ, Prospero and Scopus databases. Final inclusion criteria were: systematic reviews, studying African Immigrants in the USA, measuring a clinical health outcome, since 1999. Articles were screened in four stages by title, abstract, full-text of the review and full-text of the primary studies within each review. Data was abstracted by identifying general information, study population, outcome measurements, conclusions and recommendations of each review. Findings In the initial search, 519 potential reviews were identified. After removing duplicates, 473 articles were excluded by screening the title or abstract. After a full-text review of each article and primary study within each article, nine reviews were included in the final synthesis. Reviews covered Female Genital Cutting and Pregnancy Outcomes, Caesarean Births, Gestational Diabetes, Cancer, HIV/AIDS, Body-weight and Acculturation. Among the primary reports included in the final synthesis, less than 50 per cent studied African immigrants in the USA. African Americans living in the USA made up only 11 per cent of the pooled study sample. Research limitations/implications Immigrants from Africa are one of the fastest-growing populations in the USA. This group has been underrepresented in health research, leading to a poor understanding of the group’s health outcomes. Health researchers must adopt recommendations and prioritize studies that meet the health needs of Africans during this time of demographic transition. Originality/value Systematic reviews represent a bedrock of medical evidence and signify a solid understanding of accepted knowledge in the field. Systematic reviews, however, do not necessarily constitute the end of discovery. Researchers can use existing systematic reviews to critique previous studies or initiate future research. There remain significant research gaps analyzing the health outcomes, behaviors and treatment of subgroups of African immigrants living in the USA. Future research should shift toward the growing needs of the population, leveraging the strengths and diversity of African immigrants now living in the USA.

scholarly journals Factors Related To Citing From Preceptorship Competence: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
Fitri Chandra Kuspita ◽  
Nursalam Nursalam ◽  
Slamet Riyadi Yuwono
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Education Experience

Introduction: Preceptorship is a learning method that involves more experience in conveying their knowledge to someone who is less experienced. In this article, the authors conducted a relevant systematic review in various data used the keywords “preceptorship,”transition and article thinking”. Data based on SCOPUS, Science Direct, Proquest, Pubmed, and Google Scholar. The criteria consisted of the full text published in five years limit journal (2013-2018) and used the article in English. The results as much as 1517 articles found, and selected 15 article that suitable with criteria. Aim: The purpose of this study is to analyze factors that affect the implementation of preceptorship in the hospital and to give the recommendation of monitoring and evaluation preceptorship as well. Method: Papers were critically reviewed and relevant data were extracted and synthesized using an approach based on preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA). Result: These factors include the level of education, experience, support, guiding model, and work environment

Evaluation of text mining to reduce screening workload for injury-focused systematic reviews

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melita J Giummarra ◽  
Georgina Lau ◽  
Belinda J Gabbe
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Text Mining ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Injury Research

IntroductionText mining to support screening in large-scale systematic reviews has been recommended; however, their suitability for reviews in injury research is not known. We examined the performance of text mining in supporting the second reviewer in a systematic review examining associations between fault attribution and health and work-related outcomes after transport injury.MethodsCitations were independently screened in Abstrackr in full (reviewer 1; 10 559 citations), and until no more citations were predicted to be relevant (reviewer 2; 1809 citations, 17.1%). All potentially relevant full-text articles were assessed by reviewer 1 (555 articles). Reviewer 2 used text mining (Wordstat, QDA Miner) to reduce assessment to full-text articles containing ≥1 fault-related exposure term (367 articles, 66.1%).ResultsAbstrackr offered excellent workload savings: 82.7% of citations did not require screening by reviewer 2, and total screening time was reduced by 36.6% compared with traditional dual screening of all citations. Abstrackr predictions had high specificity (83.7%), and low false negatives (0.3%), but overestimated citation relevance, probably due to the complexity of the review with multiple outcomes and high imbalance of relevant to irrelevant records, giving low sensitivity (29.7%) and precision (14.5%). Text mining of full-text articles reduced the number needing to be screened by 33.9%, and reduced total full-text screening time by 38.7% compared with traditional dual screening.ConclusionsOverall, text mining offered important benefits to systematic review workflow, but should not replace full screening by one reviewer, especially for complex reviews examining multiple health or injury outcomes.Trial registration numberCRD42018084123.

scholarly journals Exploring female involvement in acts of terrorism and mass shootings: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-356
Author(s):  
Danielle Nicholson ◽  
Clare S. Allely
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Full Text ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Educational Training ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mass Shooting

Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore the current literature which assesses the incidence of completed or attempted mass shooting events in which a female party acted either alone or as an accomplice; explore the involvement of women in the planning or execution of acts of terrorism; evaluate the pathology of women involved in these acts of extreme violence; highlight any gender-specific pathological and environmental risk factors associated with the planning or completion of the mass shooting, spree killing or terrorist attack events. Design/methodology/approach Using the 27-item preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines (Moher et al., 2009), the present systematic review explored peer-reviewed literature published between 1908 and September 2020 using six databases [SalfordUniversityJournals@Ovid; Journals@Ovid Full Text; APA PsycArticles Full Text; APA PsycExtra; APA PsycInfo; Ovid MEDLINE(R)], in addition to conducting a grey literature search on “Google Scholar” using specific search terms, predetermined following use of the patient/population, intervention, comparison framework. Findings Findings of the review did identify several distinguishing characteristics exclusive to women allied to terror organisations; including lower levels of extremism and religious ideology, lower age of radicalisation, higher levels of education than currently hypothesized and the significance of relational affiliation with extremist causes. Despite the synthesis of descriptive characterises being achieved, data relating to female mass shooters was scant and relied upon case study review and discussion. As a result, identification of precipitating psychopathological and environmental triggers was difficult, however, there does appear to be a higher proportion of female mass shooters targeting current or previous places of employment. Research limitations/implications One of the potential limitations of this review is that some relevant studies were not identified during the search. The risk of this was minimised as much as possible by screening the reference section of relevant reviews and theoretical papers (which were identified in the search of the databases) for any potentially relevant studies that may have been missed. In addition, numerous permutations of the search criteria that were entered into the databases were also entered into “GoogleScholar”. Practical implications Current literature has highlighted that the age of radicalisation among women across both jihadi-inspired, right-wing and far-left extremist organisations are decreasing, with many new recruits being born after 1990 (Jacques and Taylor, 2012). This finding aids in identifying a target of entry to minimise the chance of radicalisation, through targeted educational training and anti-radicalisation programmes intervening in at risk groups at the correct time. However, further exploration will be necessary to identify specific risk factors prior to radicalisation in such groups. Originality/value There appears to be a large gap in literature quantitively assessing the rates of psychopathological variables among this demographic. When narrowing the lens further onto female mass shooters, empirical literature investigating even characteristic variables continues to evade the academic remit. Arguably this obstruction to the current understanding of female perpetrated violence, both in an organised terror and a mass shooter capacity, limits the ability to meaningfully evaluate whether previous models assessing risk among mass shooters is valid across genders.

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