scholarly journals Spatial distribution and Determinants of Optimal ANC visit among pregnant women in Ethiopia: Further analysis of 2016 Ethiopia demographic Health Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zemenu Tessema Tadesse ◽  
Yaregal Animut
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Maternal And Newborn Health ◽  
Male Partners ◽  
Health Institutions

Abstract Background: Antenatal care (ANC) is essential to improve maternal and newborn health and wellbeing. Antenatal care coverage is improving in Africa since over two-thirds of pregnant women have at least one ANC contact. However, to realize the complete life-saving potential that ANC guarantees for mothers and babies, at least four visits providing essential evidence-based interventions are required. . Therefore, this study was conducted to identify determinants of an optimal ANC visit and its spatial distribution in Ethiopia. Methods: This study is a secondary data analysis of the 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS).A total of 8,025 women who had a live birth in the five years preceding the survey were included in this study. STATA 14 software and ArcGIS10.7 software were used for analysis. The generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was fitted to identify factors associated with an optimal ANC visit. Crude and Adjusted odds ratio with a 95% CI computed to assess the strength of association between explanatory and outcome variables. Results: This study revealed that rural residence (AOR=0.59, 95%CI: 0.45-0.77),male partners educational status[secondary school (AOR=1.33, 95%CI: 1.05-1.67)], distance to the health institutions[not a big problem (AOR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.04-1.39)], community-level literacy(AOR=1.07, 95%CI: 1.03-1.12), and community level service utilization(AOR=2.67,95%CI:2.21-3.24) were significantly associated with optimal ANC visits. From the spatial analysis result, an Optimal ANC visit was observed in Addis Ababa, Tigray, Harari, and Dire Dawa regions whereas areas with no optimal ANC visit were Afar, Amhara, Oromia Benishangul, SNNP, and Somalia regions. Conclusion: Living in peripheral regions of the country and in rural areas, lower educational status of male partners and distance to health institutions were prohibiting factors for an adequate number of visits. In this study, community-level literacy and community level service utilizations were were also affect womens’ ANC utilization which implies community-level interventions should be considered for improving antenatal care utilization and better health outcomes. The government should give special attention to the regions like Afar, Amhara, Oromia, Benishangul, SNNP, and Somalia which had low optimal ANC visits. Keywords: Optimal Antenatal Care Visit, Determinant, Spatial distribution, Ethiopia

scholarly journals Spatial distribution and Determinants of Optimal ANC visit among pregnant women in Ethiopia: Further analysis of 2016 Ethiopia demographic Health Survey

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zemenu Tessema Tadesse ◽  
Yaregal Animut Babel
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Cold Spot ◽  
Male Partners ◽  
Health Institutions

Abstract Background Antenatal care (ANC) is essential to improve maternal and newborn health and wellbeing. Antenatal care coverage is improving in Africa, since over two-thirds of pregnant women have at least one ANC contact. However, to realize the complete life-saving potential that ANC guarantees for mothers and babies, four visits providing essential proof based mostly interventions square measure neededObjective The aim of this study was to identify determinants for Optimal ANC visit and its spatial distribution among pregnant women in Ethiopia.Method This study was based on 2016 Ethiopia Demography and Health Survey. Individual women record (IR) file was used to extract the data and 8,025 pregnant women were included in the final analysis. The binary response variable considered in this study indicated whether women completed an optimal ANC visit or not from skilled health care provider and coded as 1/0. Sata14 and ArcGIS10.1 software’s were used for analysis. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was fitted to identify factors associated with an optimal ANC visit. Crude and Adjusted odds ratio with a 95% CI computed to assess the strength of association between independent and outcome variables.Results This study revealed that rural residence (AOR=0.59, 95%CI: 0.45-0.77),male partners educational status[secondary school (AOR=1.33, 95%CI: 1.05-1.67)], distance to the health institutions[not a big problem (AOR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.04-1.39)], community level literacy(AOR=1.07, 95%CI: 1.03-1.12), and community level service utilization(AOR=2.67,95%CI:2.21-3.24) were significantly associated with optimal ANC visits. Hot spot areas are observed in Addis Ababa, Tigray Region Harari and Dire Dawa, which means an optimal ANC visit well in these regions and cold spot area.Conclusion Living in peripheral regions of the country and in rural areas, lower educational status of male partners, and distance to health institutions were prohibiting factors for adequate number of visits. In this study community level literacy and community level service utilizations were also affect women’s’ ANC utilization which implies community level interventions should be considered for improving antenatal care utilization and better health outcomes. The government should be should give spatial attention regions like Afar, Amhara, Oromia Benishangul, SNNP and Somalia which had low optimal ANC visit

scholarly journals Spatial distribution and Determinants of Optimal ANC visit among pregnant women in Ethiopia: Further analysis of 2016 Ethiopia demographic Health Survey

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zemenu Tessema Tadesse ◽  
Yaregal Animut
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Male Partners ◽  
Health Institutions

Abstract Background: Antenatal care (ANC) is essential to improve maternal and newborn health and wellbeing. Antenatal care coverage is improving in Africa since over two-thirds of pregnant women have at least one ANC contact. However, to realize the complete life-saving potential that ANC guarantees for mothers and babies, four visits providing essential proof-based mostly interventions square measure needed. Therefore, this study was performed to identify determinants of an Optimal ANC visit and its spatial distribution in Ethiopia. Methods: A total of 8,025 women who had a live birth in the five years preceding the survey were included in this study. The binary response variable considered in this study indicated whether women completed an optimal ANC visit or not from skilled health care providers and coded as 1/0. STATA 14 software and ArcGIS10.7 software were used for analysis. The generalized estimating equation (GEE) model was fitted to identify factors associated with an optimal ANC visit. Crude and Adjusted odds ratio with a 95% CI computed to assess the strength of association between explanatory and outcome variables. Results:This study revealed that rural residence (AOR=0.59, 95%CI: 0.45-0.77),male partners educational status[secondary school (AOR=1.33, 95%CI: 1.05-1.67)], distance to the health institutions[not a big problem (AOR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.04-1.39)], community-level literacy(AOR=1.07, 95%CI: 1.03-1.12), and community level service utilization(AOR=2.67,95%CI:2.21-3.24) were significantly associated with optimal ANC visits. From the spatial analysis result, an Optimal ANC visit was observed in Addis Ababa, Tigray, Harari, and Dire Dawa Regions whereas risk areas for an optimal ANC visit were Afar, Amhara, Oromia Benishangul, SNNP, and Somalia regions. Conclusion: Living in peripheral regions of the country and in rural areas, lower educational status of male partners and distance to health institutions were prohibiting factors for an adequate number of visits. In this study, community-level literacy and community level service utilizations were affected by women’s’ ANC utilization which implies community-level interventions should be considered for improving antenatal care utilization and better health outcomes. The government should give spatial attention regions like Afar, Amhara, Oromia, Benishangul, SNNP, and Somalia which had low optimal ANC visits. Keywords: Optimal Antenatal Care Visit, Determinant, Spatial distribution, Ethiopia

scholarly journals Spatial Pattern and Associated Factors of ANC Visits in Ethiopia: Spatial and Multilevel Modeling of Ethiopian Demographic Health Survey Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Zemenu Tadesse Tessema ◽  
Temesgen Yihunie Akalu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Model Comparison ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Dire Dawa

Background. Although there is an increase in having antenatal care (ANC), still many women lack recommended ANC contacts in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was aimed at determining spatial patterns and associated factors of not having ANC visits using the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) 2016 data. Methods. A two-stage stratified cluster sampling technique was employed based on EDHS data from January 18 to June 27, 2016. A total of 7,462 women were included in the study. ArcGIS version 10.7 software was used to visualize the spatial distribution. The Bernoulli model was applied using Kilduff SaTScan version 9.6 software to identify significant purely spatial clusters for not having ANC visits in Ethiopia. A multivariable multilevel logistic regression model was used to identify individual- and community-level determinants of not having antenatal care. Model comparison was checked using the likelihood test and goodness of fit was assessed by the deviance test. Results. The primary clusters’ spatial window was located in Somalia, Oromia, Afar, Dire Dawa, and Harari regions with the log-likelihood ratio (LLR) of 133.02, at p<0.001 level of significance. In this study, Islam religion (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.7 with 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.52,0.96)), mother education being primary (AOR = 0.59, 95% CI (0.49,0.71)), distance from health facility being a big problem (AOR = 0.76, CI (0.65,0.89)), second birth order (AOR = 1.35, CI (1.03, 1.76)), richer wealth index (AOR = 0.65, CI (0.51,0.82)), rural residence (AOR = 2.38, CI (1.54,3.66)), and high community media exposure (AOR = 0.68, CI (0.52,0.89)) were determinants of not having antenatal care in Ethiopia. Conclusion. The spatial distribution of ANC in Ethiopia is non-random. A higher proportion of not having ANC is found in northeast Amhara, west Benishangul Gumuz, Somali, Afar, north, and northeast SNNPR. On the other hand, a low proportion of not having ANC was found in Tigray, Addis Ababa, and Dire Dawa. In Ethiopia, not having antenatal care is affected by both individual- and community-level factors. Prompt attention by the Federal Ministry of Health is compulsory to improve ANC especially in rural residents, uneducated women, poor households, and regions like Oromia, Gambella, and Somalia.

scholarly journals Country compliance with WHO-recommended antenatal care guidelines: equity analysis of the 2015–2016 Demography and Health Survey in Myanmar

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. e002169
Author(s):  
Ngatho Samuel Mugo ◽  
Kyaw Swa Mya ◽  
Camille Raynes-Greenow
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Wealth Quintile ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Factors Associated

IntroductionEarly access to adequate antenatal care (ANC) from skilled providers is crucial for detecting and preventing obstetric complications of pregnancy. We aimed to assess factors associated with the utilisation of the new WHO ANC guidelines including the recommended number, on time initiation and adequate components of ANC contacts in Myanmar.MethodsWe examined data from 2943 mothers aged 15–49 years whose most recent birth occurred in the last 5 years prior to the 2015–2016 Myanmar Demographic and Health Survey. Factors associated with utilisation of the new WHO recommended ANC were explored using multinomial logistic regression and multivariate models. We used marginal standardisation methods to estimate the predicted probabilities of the factors significantly associated with the three measures of ANC.ResultsApproximately 18% of mothers met the new WHO recommended number of eight ANC contacts. About 58% of the mothers received adequate ANC components, and 47% initiated ANC within the first trimester of pregnancy. The predicted model shows that Myanmar could achieve 70% coverage of adequate components of ANC if all women were living in urban areas. Similarly, if ANC was through private health facilities, 63% would achieve adequate components of ANC. Pregnant women from urban areas (adjusted risk ratio (aRR): 4.86, 95% CI 2.44 to 9.68) were more than four times more likely to have adequate ANC components compared with women from rural areas. Pregnant women in the highest wealth quintile were three times more likely to receive eight or more ANC contacts (aRR: 3.20, 95% CI 1.61 to 6.36) relative to mothers from the lowest wealth quintile. On time initiation of the first ANC contact was fourfold for mothers aged 30–39 years relative to adolescent mothers (aRR: 4.07, 95% CI 1.53 to 10.84).ConclusionThe 2016 WHO ANC target is not yet being met by the majority of women in Myanmar. Our results highlight the need to address health access inequity for women who are from lower socioeconomic groups, or are younger, and those living in rural areas.

scholarly journals A multilevel analysis of overweight and obesity among non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Malawi: evidence from the 2015–16 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 496-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Austin Morton Ntenda ◽  
Jane Flora Kazambwe
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
White Collar ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Maternal Overweight

Abstract Background Overweight and obesity are well-known risk factors for non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, some cancers and musculoskeletal disorders. In Malawi, the proportion of women who are overweight/obese has doubled, from 10% in 1992 to 21% in 2015–16. Therefore we aimed to explore the individual- and community-level factors associated with overweight and obesity among non-pregnant women of child-bearing age. Methods Secondary analysis of the 2015–16 Malawi Demographic and Health Survey was conducted. Overweight was defined as a body mass index (BMI) of 25 to &lt;30 kg/m2, while obesity was defined as a BMI ≥30 kg/m2. Two-level multilevel multivariable logistic regression models were constructed using a logit-link function with a binomial distribution on 7326 women living in 850 different communities. Results At the individual level, the adjusted multilevel regression results showed that women 15–19 y of age as well as women from the poorest households had reduced odds of being overweight/obese. However, women with white collar jobs and women who were affiliated with the Church of Central Africa Presbyterian and the Roman Catholic church had increased odds of being overweight/obese. At the community level, women from urban areas and women who resided in communities with a low percentage of media exposure had increased odds of being overweight or obese. While women from poor communities had reduced odds of being overweight and obese, the proportion change in variance showed that 56, 77 and 78% of total variations in the odds of overweight, obese and overweight/obese across the communities were explained by both individual- and community-level factors. The median odds ratio showed that the likelihood of maternal overweight, obese and overweight/obese increased by 63, 39 and 84% when the women moved from low- to high-risk neighbourhoods. Conclusions Older women, Christian women, women with white collar jobs and women from the richest households should be targeted during policy formulation. At the community level, media coverage should be spread evenly so that health awareness messages, consequences and means of overweight and obesity prevention are getting to the targeted women. Our study revealed evidence of clustering effects of overweight and obesity at the community level, hence neighbourhood variations with respect to maternal overweight and obesity should be taken into account when designing nutritional policies.

scholarly journals Client Satisfaction on Antenatal Care Service by Pregnant Women in Public and Private Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Comparative Descriptive Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Waiting Time ◽  
Client Satisfaction ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Public And Private Hospitals

Background: Antenatal care (ANC) is an important health care service which is intended to potentially reduce maternal morbidity and mortality particularly in areas where the general health status of women is presumed poor, choice of facilities is limited and the service delivery compromised by geography (terrain, transport), socio-demographic factors, financial capability and awareness. Though improving the quality of health care is one of the targeted strategies in the Health Sector Development Program IV (HSDP IV) of Ethiopia, little is known about the quality of antenatal care service and client satisfaction at the different hospitals in Addis Ababa, the capital city of Ethiopia. Objective: To determine satisfaction of ANC services among pregnant women at the public teaching and private hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: Health institution-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from February to June, 2019 in public and private hospitals, in Addis Ababa, using sample size determination for comparisons of proportion between the two populations. All participants who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled based on the flow of pregnant women to the ANC clinics at the selected hospitals. Data were entered and cleaned using EPI-info version 3.5.1 and analysis was performed by SPSS version 21. Association of independent variables with the client satisfaction was done using binary and multivariate logistic regression. Significant association of variables with outcome was determined using adjusted odds ratio (AOR) together with 95 % confidence interval. Level of significance was set at P-value of ≤ 0.05. Results: Five hundred seventy one pregnant women attending Antenatal Care at private (281) and public (290) hospitals were included with response rates of 94.1 and 91.2% for public and private hospitals, respectively. The age distribution of the participants was between 17 and 43 years with a mean age of 27.3±5.1 years. Most of the clients, 249 (88.7%) at private and 276 (95.2%) at public hospitals were between the ages of 20 and 34 years. One hundred fourteen (39.3%) of the clients at public and 113 (40.2%) at private hospitals were nulliparous. The clients overall satisfaction with antenatal care was mostly positive both at the private and public hospitals and two hundred twenty eight (81.1%) of the private and 174 (60%) of the public hospitals were satisfied with the services provided. Having ANC follow up at the private hospitals had statistically significant difference in client satisfaction compared to those in public hospitals with P value of 0.019, (AOR 2.97, 95% CI:1.19 -7.74). Clients’ satisfaction with the cleanliness of the environment was 11.1 times more likely to be satisfied with the general ANC service, P<0.05, (AOR 12.18 95% CI: 7.45-19.91). Having more than 4 ANC visits was positively associated with client overall satisfaction, P= 0.021, (AOR 2.41, 95% CI: 1.12-5.24,) while long waiting time is negatively associated with client satisfaction. Conclusions: The study showed significant difference in client satisfaction rate between the selected private and public facilities. Private facilities outperformed public facilities with regards to structural features (privacy, waiting time, space, and neatness). We recommend concerted effort to improve ANC visits and pay due attention to the privacy, waiting time, and the neatness of the facilities in public hospitals.

scholarly journals Determinants of utilization of antenatal and delivery care at the community level in rural Bangladesh

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257782
Author(s):  
Jesmin Pervin ◽  
Mahima Venkateswaran ◽  
U. Tin Nu ◽  
Monjur Rahman ◽  
Brian F. O’Donnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Facility Delivery ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Delivery Care ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Antenatal Care Visit ◽  
Care Visit

Background Timely utilization of antenatal care and delivery services supports the health of mothers and babies. Few studies exist on the utilization and determinants of timely ANC and use of different types of health facilities at the community level in Bangladesh. This study aims to assess the utilization, timeliness of, and socio-demographic determinants of antenatal and delivery care services in two sub-districts in Bangladesh. Methods This cross-sectional study used data collected through a structured questionnaire in the eRegMat cluster-randomized controlled trial, which enrolled pregnant women between October 2018-June 2020. We undertook univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine the associations of socio-demographic variables with timely first ANC, four timely ANC visits, and facility delivery. We considered the associations in the multivariate logistic regression as statistically significant if the p-value was found to be <0.05. Results are presented as adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Data were available on 3293 pregnant women. Attendance at a timely first antenatal care visit was 59%. Uptake of four timely antenatal care visits was 4.2%. About three-fourths of the women delivered in a health facility. Women from all socio-economic groups gradually shifted from using public health facilities to private hospitals as the pregnancy advanced. Timely first antenatal care visit was associated with: women over 30 years of age (AOR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.05–2.19); nulliparity (AOR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.04–1.62); husbands with >10 years of education (AOR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.09–1.81) and being in the highest wealth quintile (AOR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.18–1.89). Facility deliveries were associated with woman’s age; parity; education; the husband’s education, and wealth index. None of the available socio-demographic factors were associated with four timely antenatal care visits. Conclusions The study observed socio-demographic inequalities associated with increased utilization of timely first antenatal care visit and facility delivery. The pregnant women, irrespective of wealth shifted from public to private facilities for their antenatal care visits and delivery. To increase the health service utilization and promote good health, maternal health care programs should pay particular attention to young, multiparous women, of low socio-economic status, or with poorly educated husbands. Clinical trial registration ISRCTN69491836; https://www.isrctn.com/. Registered on December 06, 2018. Retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals Dietary diversity practice and associated factors among pregnant women attending ANC in Kolfe Keranyo sub city health center, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsegahun Worku Brhanie ◽  
Walelgn Tefera ◽  
Mamo Dereje
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Nutrition Information ◽  
Monthly Income ◽  
Dietary Diversity Score ◽  
Care Visit ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background: Adequate and healthy diet during pregnancy is essential for the health of both mother and newborn. Dietary diversity is a proxy indicator of maternal nutrient adequacy. However, little is documented on the prevalence of dietary diversity among pregnant women. This study was aimed to assess the dietary diversity practice and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in health centers of the coffee keranyo sub city, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted on 406 randomly selected pregnant women attending ANC in health centers of the coffee keranyo sub city, Addis Ababa from March 2-April 2/ 2018. Data were collected by using interviewer and 24 H dietary recall method. Data had entered and analyzed using SPSS version 21. Multiple logistic regression was run to assess factors associated with the dependent variable at P<0.05. Results: The mean Dietary Diversity Score of pregnant women was 5. 45+-1. 83. About 60.9% of pregnant women had good dietary diversity practice. Pregnant women who learned collage and above had more dietary diversity practice than the illiterate one [AOR=2.26, 95% CI: (1.066, 4.808)]. Pregnant women with monthly income more than 5,000 ETB had more dietary diversity than income less than 2,000 ETB [AOR=2.33, 95% CI: (1.234, 4.416)]. Pregnant women at second antenatal care visit had more dietary diversity than at the first visit [AOR=2.42, 95% CI: (1.183, 4.952)]. Having nutrition information during pregnancy increases 2 times better dietary diversity practice than none informed ones [AOR=2.10, 95% CI: (1.294, 3.422)].Conclusions: The mean Dietary Diversity Score of pregnant mothers was 5.45. And 60.9% of pregnant women had a good dietary diversity score, whereas 39.1 % of them had a poor diet diversity score. Mothers’ education, monthly income, second and third antenatal care visit and nutrition information had a significantly associated with pregnant mothers’ dietary diversity.

scholarly journals Magnitude and factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care at St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis ababa, Ethiopia - a cross sectional type of study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desta Samuel Umuro ◽  
Yared Lasebew Asres ◽  
Gezahegn Mamo Muluneh
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Parasitic Infestation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Clinic ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Medical College ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background This study aimed to assess magnitude and factors associated with anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods Institution based cross sectional study design was conducted from December 1–30, 2018 on 405 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic. All pregnant women visiting the Antenatal care clinic during the study period and who fulfilled the eligibility criteria were included in the study. Secondary data was collected from clients register and personal files on hemoglobin, HIV, stool, and other variables. Descriptive statistics was used to analysis some variables by using SPSS. Logistic regression was carried out to identify factors associated with anemia in pregnancy. Adjusted odds ratio with their 95% of confidence interval and p < 0.05 are consider to have significant association. Results The magnitude of Anemia in pregnant women in this study was 19.8%, (95% CI 16.00-23.70). HIV infection (AOR = 6.12(95% CI 2.19, 17.08) parasitic infestation (AOR = 11.88 (95% CI 5.60, 25.20) and history of not taking fruit after meal during pregnancy (AOR = 3.12(95% CI 1.72, 5.67) were the major determinants of anemia. Conclusion This study showed that the magnitude of anemia among pregnant women was high especially at third trimester. Living with HIV /AIDS, parasitic infestation and no history of taking fruits after meal were the main factors.

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