scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis reveals normalization effect of nicotinamide and butyrate sodium on breast muscles of broilers under high stocking density

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqin Wu ◽  
Youli Wang ◽  
Dafei Yin ◽  
Tahir Mahmood ◽  
Jianmin Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Density Control ◽  
L 14

Abstract Background In recent years, increased attention has been focused on breast muscle yield and meat quality in poultry production. Supplementation with nicotinamide and butyrate sodium can improve the meat quality of broilers. However, the potential molecular mechanism is not clear yet. This study was designed to investigate the effects of supplementation with a combination of nicotinamide and butyrate sodium on breast muscle transcriptome of broilers under high stocking density. Methods A total of 300 21-d-old Cobb broilers were randomly allocated into 3 groups based on stocking density: low stocking density control group (L; 14 birds/m 2 ), high stocking density control group (H; 18 birds/m 2 ), and high stocking density group provided with a combination of 50 mg/kg nicotinamide and 500 mg/kg butyrate sodium (COMB; 18 birds/m 2 ), raised to 42 days of age.Results The H group significantly increased cooking losses, pH decline and activity of lactate dehydrogenase in breast muscle while COMB showed a significant decrease in these indices ( P < 0.05). The transcriptome results showed that key genes involved in glycolysis, proteolysis and immune stress were up-regulated whereas those relating to muscle development, cell adhesion, cell matrix and collagen were down-regulated in the H group. In contrast, genes related to muscle development, hyaluronic acid, mitochondrial function, and redox pathways were up-regulated while those associated with inflammatory response, acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and glycolysis pathway were down-regulated in the COMB group.Conclusions The combination of nicotinamide and butyrate sodium may improve muscle quality by enhancing mitochondrial function and antioxidant capacity, inhibiting inflammatory response and glycolysis, and promoting muscle development and hyaluronic acid synthesis.

scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis reveals a molecular understanding of nicotinamide and butyrate sodium on meat quality of broilers under high stocking density

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqin Wu ◽  
Youli Wang ◽  
Dafei Yin ◽  
Tahir Mahmood ◽  
Jianmin Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Density Control

Abstract Background In recent years, increased attention has been focused on breast muscle yield and meat quality in poultry production. Supplementation with nicotinamide and butyrate sodium can improve the meat quality of broilers. However, the potential molecular mechanism is not clear yet. This study was designed to investigate the effects of supplementation with a combination of nicotinamide and butyrate sodium on breast muscle transcriptome of broilers under high stocking density. A total of 300 21-d-old Cobb broilers were randomly allocated into 3 groups based on stocking density: low stocking density control group (L; 14 birds/m 2 ), high stocking density control group (H; 18 birds/m 2 ), and high stocking density group provided with a combination of 50 mg/kg nicotinamide and 500 mg/kg butyrate sodium (COMB; 18 birds/m 2 ), raised to 42 days of age. Results The H group significantly increased cooking losses, pH decline and activity of lactate dehydrogenase in breast muscle when compared with the L group. COMB showed a significant decrease in these indices by comparison with the H group ( P < 0.05). The transcriptome results showed that key genes involved in glycolysis, proteolysis and immune stress were up-regulated whereas those relating to muscle development, cell adhesion, cell matrix and collagen were down-regulated in the H group as compared to the L group. In contrast, genes related to muscle development, hyaluronic acid, mitochondrial function, and redox pathways were up-regulated while those associated with inflammatory response, acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and glycolysis pathway were down-regulated in the COMB group when compared with the H group. Conclusions The combination of nicotinamide and butyrate sodium may improve muscle quality by enhancing mitochondrial function and antioxidant capacity, inhibiting inflammatory response and glycolysis, and promoting muscle development and hyaluronic acid synthesis.

scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis reveals a molecular understanding of nicotinamide and butyrate sodium on meat quality of broilers under high stocking density

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqin Wu ◽  
Youli Wang ◽  
Dafei Yin ◽  
Tahir Mahmood ◽  
Jianmin Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Density Control

Abstract Background: In recent years, increased attention has been focused on breast muscle yield and meat quality in poultry production. Supplementation with nicotinamide and butyrate sodium can improve the meat quality of broilers. However, the potential molecular mechanism is not clear yet. This study was designed to investigate the effects of supplementation with a combination of nicotinamide and butyrate sodium on breast muscle transcriptome of broilers under high stocking density. A total of 300 21-d-old Cobb broilers were randomly allocated into 3 groups based on stocking density: low stocking density control group (L; 14 birds/m2), high stocking density control group (H; 18 birds/m2), and high stocking density group provided with a combination of 50 mg/kg nicotinamide and 500 mg/kg butyrate sodium (COMB; 18 birds/m2), raised to 42 days of age. Results: The H group significantly increased cooking losses, pH decline and activity of lactate dehydrogenase in breast muscle when compared with the L group. COMB showed a significant decrease in these indices by comparison with the H group (P < 0.05). The transcriptome results showed that key genes involved in glycolysis, proteolysis and immune stress were up-regulated whereas those relating to muscle development, cell adhesion, cell matrix and collagen were down-regulated in the H group as compared to the L group. In contrast, genes related to muscle development, hyaluronic acid, mitochondrial function, and redox pathways were up-regulated while those associated with inflammatory response, acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and glycolysis pathway were down-regulated in the COMB group when compared with the H group. Conclusions: The combination of nicotinamide and butyrate sodium may improve muscle quality by enhancing mitochondrial function and antioxidant capacity, inhibiting inflammatory response and glycolysis, and promoting muscle development and hyaluronic acid synthesis.

scholarly journals Transcriptome analysis reveals a molecular understanding of nicotinamide and butyrate sodium on meat quality of broilers under high stocking density

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuqin Wu ◽  
Youli Wang ◽  
Dafei Yin ◽  
Tahir Mahmood ◽  
Jianmin Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Mitochondrial Function ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Stocking Density ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Density Control

Abstract Background: In recent years, increased attention has been focused on breast muscle yield and meat quality in poultry production. Supplementation with nicotinamide and butyrate sodium can improve the meat quality of broilers. However, the potential molecular mechanism is not clear yet. This study was designed to investigate the effects of supplementation with a combination of nicotinamide and butyrate sodium on breast muscle transcriptome of broilers under high stocking density. A total of 300 21-d-old Cobb broilers were randomly allocated into 3 groups based on stocking density: low stocking density control group (L; 14 birds/m2), high stocking density control group (H; 18 birds/m2), and high stocking density group provided with a combination of 50 mg/kg nicotinamide and 500 mg/kg butyrate sodium (COMB; 18 birds/m2), raised to 42 days of age. Results: The H group significantly increased cooking losses, pH decline and activity of lactate dehydrogenase in breast muscle when compared with the L group. COMB showed a significant decrease in these indices by comparison with the H group (P < 0.05). The transcriptome results showed that key genes involved in glycolysis, proteolysis and immune stress were up-regulated whereas those relating to muscle development, cell adhesion, cell matrix and collagen were down-regulated in the H group as compared to the L group. In contrast, genes related to muscle development, hyaluronic acid, mitochondrial function, and redox pathways were up-regulated while those associated with inflammatory response, acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and glycolysis pathway were down-regulated in the COMB group when compared with the H group. Conclusions: The combination of nicotinamide and butyrate sodium may improve muscle quality by enhancing mitochondrial function and antioxidant capacity, inhibiting inflammatory response and glycolysis, and promoting muscle development and hyaluronic acid synthesis.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Proteomic Characterization of the Pectoralis Major at Three Chronological Ages in Beijing-You Chicken

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Jing Cao ◽  
Ailian Geng ◽  
Haihong Wang ◽  
Qin Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Pectoralis Major ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Chicken Breast ◽  
Group 13 ◽  
Oocyte Meiosis

Chronological age is one of the important factors influencing muscle development and meat quality in chickens. To evaluate the protein expression profiles during skeletal muscle development, we performed a tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomic strategy in pectoralis major (breast muscle) of Beijing-You chicken (BYC) at the chronological age of 90, 120, and 150 days. Each chronological age contained 3 pooling samples or 15 birds (five birds per pooling sample). A total of 1,413 proteins were identified in chicken breast muscle with FDR &lt; 1% and 197 of them were differentially expressed (fold change ≥1.2 or ≤0.83 and p &lt; 0.05). There were 110 up- and 71 down-regulated proteins in 120 d vs 90 d group, 13 up- and 10 down-regulated proteins in 150 d vs 120 d group. The proteomic profiles of BYC at 120 d were very similar to those at 150 d and highly different from those at 90 d, suggesting that 120 d might be an important chronological age for BYC. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses indicated that these differentially expressed proteins were mainly involved in the pathway of glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes, focal adhesion, oocyte meiosis and phagosome. Furthermore, some DEPs were quantified using parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) to validate the results from TMT analysis. In summary, these results provided some candidate protein-coding genes for further functional validation and contribute to a comprehensive understanding of muscle development and age-dependent meat quality regulation by proteins in chickens.

scholarly journals Comparative Genome and Transcriptome Integration Studies Reveal the Mechanism of Pectoral Muscle Development and Function in Pigeons

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haobin Hou ◽  
Xiaoliang Wang ◽  
Changsuo Yang ◽  
Xia Cai ◽  
Wenwei Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Development ◽  
Genetic Model ◽  
Pectoral Muscle ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Athletic Ability ◽  
And Function

Pigeon breed resources provide a genetic model for the study of phenomics. The pectoral muscles play a key role for the meat production performance of the meat pigeon and the athletic ability of the High flyers. Euro-pigeons and Silver King pigeons are commercial varieties that exhibit good meat production performance. In contrast to the domestication direction of meat pigeons, the traditional Chinese ornamental pigeon breed, High flyers, has a small and light body. Here, we investigate the molecular mechanism of the pectoral muscle development and function of pigeons using whole-genome and RNA sequencing data. The selective sweep analysis (FST and log2 (θπ ratio)) revealed 293 and 403 positive selection genes in Euro-pigeons and Silver King, respectively, of which 65 genes were shared. With the Silver King and Euro-pigeon as the control group, the High flyers were selected for 427 and 566 genes respectively. There were 673 differentially expressed genes in the breast muscle transcriptome between the commercial meat pigeons and ornamental pigeons. Pigeon genome selection signal combined with the breast muscle transcriptome revealed that six genes (SLC16A10, S100B, SYNE1, HECW2, CASQ2 and LOC110363470) from commercial varieties of pigeons and five genes (INSC, CALCB, ZBTB21, B2M and LOC110356506) from Chinese traditional ornamental pigeons were positively selected which were involved in pathways related to muscle development and function. This study provides new insights into the selection of different directions and the genetic mechanism related to muscle development in pigeons.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Curcumin on the Growth Performance, Serum Antioxidation and Meat Quality of Ducks (Anas Platyrhynchos)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjun Jin ◽  
Hao Yang ◽  
Fangju Liu ◽  
Xinping Diao ◽  
Qian Pang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Final Body Weight

Abstract Background: With increasing of duck meat among consumers, the demand for growth performance and the meat quality health of ducks in increasing. Dietary curcumin altered the growth performance and meat quality. However, study on the effect of dietary curcumin on the growth performance, serum antioxidation and meat quality of ducks. This study invested effects of dietary curcumin given to ducks on the growth performance, antioxidation capacity in plasma, meat quality, lipid oxidation and the concentration of volatile compounds in duck breast muscle. A total of 600 healthy ducks with similar body weight were randomly allotted into 4 groups with 10 replicates per group and 15 ducks per replicate. Ducks were fed experimental diets which the curcumin supplemental levels were 0, 300, 400 and 500 mg curcumin/kg basic fed, respectively. The experiment lasted for 10 weeks. Results: Results showed that dietary supplementation of curcumin at levels 300, 400 and 500 mg/kg dietary (P < 0.05) improved the average final body weight. The ducks fed the basal diet without curcumin supplementation had the lowest FI (P > 0.05) and highest FCR (P > 0.05) among all ducks. Feeding ducks on diets supplemented with curcumin at each level significantly increased (P < 0.05) plasma activity of T-SOD and GSH-Px, and significantly reduced plasma MDA concentration compared to the control group. The dietary curcumin significantly increased the growth performance and the antioxidation capacity in plasma of ducks. Dietary curcumin improved the meat quality of ducks by significantly increasing pH45, pH24 (P < 0.05) and color of duck meat (P < 0.05), and significantly decreasing cooking loss (P < 0.05), shear force (P < 0.05), and the lipid oxidation of duck meat. 56 volatile compounds were identified and quantified. Interestingly, cantharidin among volatile compounds was firstly found in duck muscle, and only existed in the group of 500 mg curcumin/kg diet. Conclusions: In conclusion, the supplementation of duck diets with curcumin at 300, 400, and 500 mg/kg diet improved growth performance, antioxidant status and meat quality of ducks. The cantharidin was firstly found in duck breast muscle when the dietary curcumin inclusion of 500 mg/kg.

Recent Developments in Breast Muscle Myopathies Associated with Growth in Poultry

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 289-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra G. Velleman
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Satellite Cell ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Satellite Cells ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Growth Function ◽  
Repair Process ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms

The functional unit in skeletal muscle is the multinucleated myofiber, which is composed of parallel arrays of microfibrils. The myofiber and sarco-mere structure of skeletal muscle are established during embryogenesis, when mononuclear myoblast cells fuse to form multinucleated myotubes and develop into muscle fibers. With the myoblasts permanently unable to enter a proliferative state again after they fuse to form the multinucleated myotube, postnatal myofiber growth, muscle homeostasis, and myofiber regeneration are dependent on a myogenic stem cell, the satellite cell. Because the satellite cell is a partially differentiated stem cell controlling the state of skeletal muscle structure throughout the life of the bird, it can impact muscle development and structure, growth, and regeneration and, subsequently, meat quality. When myofibers are damaged, muscle repair is dependent on the satellite cells. Regenerated myofibers after the repair process should be similar to the original muscle fiber. Despite significant improvements in meat-type birds, degenerative myopathies have arisen. In many of these degenerative breast muscle myopathies, like Wooden Breast, satellite cell–mediated regeneration of muscle is suppressed. Thus, the biological function of avian myogenic satellite cells and their influence on cellular mechanisms affecting breast muscle development and growth, function during degenerative myopathies, and meat quality are discussed.

scholarly journals Effects of Feeding Fermented Mulberry Leaf Powder on Growth Performance, Slaughter Performance, and Meat Quality in Chicken Broilers

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 3294
Author(s):  
Yanan Ding ◽  
Xiaodie Jiang ◽  
Xiaofeng Yao ◽  
Haihan Zhang ◽  
Zehe Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mulberry Leaf ◽  
Slaughter Performance ◽  
Leaf Powder

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding fermented mulberry leaf powder (FMLP) on growth performance, slaughter performance, and meat quality of broilers. A total of 360 1-day-old chickens were randomly divided into 5 groups. The control group was fed basal diet (CON), 3% FMLP, 6% FMLP, 9% FMLP, and 3% unfermented mulberry leaf powder. The (MLP) group was fed basal diet supplemented with 3%, 6%, 9% fermented mulberry leaf powder, and 3% MLP, respectively. The experiment lasted for 56 days, with 1–28 days as the starter phase and 29–56 days as the grower phase. The results on the growth performance showed that diets supplemented with 3% FMLP significantly increased the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of broilers, enhanced the activity of intestinal amylase and digestibility of dry matter and crude protein, improved the average daily gain (ADG), and decreased the feed to gain ratio (F/G) (p < 0.05). Compared with the control group diet, the 3% FMLP group diet significantly increased the breast muscle yield (p < 0.05), reduced the abdominal fat ratio (0.1 < p < 0.05), and improved the slaughter performance of broilers. The 3% MLP group diet increased the shear force of breast muscle (p < 0.05) and thigh muscle of broilers compared to the control group, and adding FMLP could reverse the above results. Additionally, relative to the control group, FMLP supplementation improved the contents of inosine monophosphate (IMP), total amino acids (TAA), essential amino acids (EAA), and delicious amino acids (DAA) in breast and thigh muscle, and improved polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and essential fatty acids (EFA) in breast muscle; the 6% and 9% FMLP groups showed preferably such effects (p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of FMLP can improve the digestion and absorption of nutrients, and then improve the growth performance of broilers; it also has a positive effect on improving slaughter performance and meat quality.

scholarly journals Influences of Beta-Alanine and l-Histidine Supplementation on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, Carnosine Content, and mRNA Expression of Carnosine-Related Enzymes in Broilers

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2265
Author(s):  
Bo Qi ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Meng Hu ◽  
Youbiao Ma ◽  
Shugeng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Combination Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beta Alanine

The current study investigated the effect of dietary l-histidine and beta-alanine supplementation on growth performance, meat quality, carnosine content, and gene expression of carnosine-related enzymes in broilers. A two-factor design was adopted in this study. A total of 640 1-day-old male broilers were assigned to eight treatments with factorial arrangement containing four levels of l-histidine (0, 650, 1300, or 1950 mg/kg) and two levels of beta-alanine (0 or 1200 mg/kg) supplementation; 0 mg/kg histidine and/or 0 mg/kg were treated as control groups. Each treatment including eight replicates with 10 birds each and the feeding trial lasted for 42 days. Dietary supplementation with l-histidine and beta-alanine did not affect average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) of broilers during the grower (22–42 days) and the entire phase (1–42 days), compared with the control group (p > 0.05). The only exception was a significantly reduced ADG in the 1950 mg/kg l-histidine group in the starter period (1–21 days, p < 0.05). l-Histidine at 1950 mg/kg significantly decreased redness (a*) and yellowness (b*) values of the meat at 45 min postmortem (p < 0.05), whereas it increased b* value and pH in breast muscle at 24 h postmortem. Moreover, dietary supplementation with beta-alanine alone or combination with l-histidine significantly increased ΔpH in breast muscle (p < 0.01). Dietary l-histidine markedly increased total superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) both in breast muscle (p < 0.01) and in plasma (p < 0.01), and it decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in breast muscle (p < 0.01). Dietary addition of beta-alanine, alone or combination, significantly increased T-AOC in breast muscle (p < 0.01) and markedly decreased MDA content both in breast muscle and in plasma (p < 0.01). Addition of l-histidine and beta-alanine significantly increased muscle peptide (carnosine and anserine) content (p < 0.05) and upregulated the expression of carnosine synthase, transporter of carnosine/ l-histidine, and l-histidine decarboxylase genes (p < 0.05), with greater change occurring in the combination group of 1300 mg/kg l-histidine and 1200 mg/kg beta-alanine. Overall, dietary l-histidine and beta-alanine could improve meat quality and antioxidant capacity, enhance the carnosine and anserine content, and upregulate the gene expression of carnosine synthesis-related enzymes in broilers.

scholarly journals Comparative genome and transcriptome integration studies reveal the mechanism of pectoral muscle development and function in pigeons

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haobin Hou ◽  
Xiaoliang Wang ◽  
Changsuo Yang ◽  
Xia Cai ◽  
Wenwei Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Development ◽  
Pectoral Muscle ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Breast Muscle ◽  
Actin Binding ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Athletic Ability ◽  
And Function ◽  
Selection Signal

Abstract Background: Various morphological breeds of rock pigeons have emerged as a result of human domestication. Pigeon breed resources provide a genetic model for the study of phenomics. The pectoral muscles are play a key role for the meat production performance of the meat pigeon and the athletic ability of the High flyers. Euro-pigeons and Silver King are commercial varieties that exhibit good meat production performance. In contrast to the domestication direction of meat pigeons, the traditional Chinese ornamental pigeon breed, High flyers, has a small and light body. Here, we investigate the molecular mechanism of the pectoral muscle development and function of pigeons using whole-genome and RNA sequencing data Result: The selective sweep analysis (FST and log2 (θπ ratio)) revealed 293 and 403 positive selection genes in Euro-pigeons and Silver King, respectively, of which 65 genes were shared. With the Silver King and Euro-pigeon as the control group, the High flyers were selected for 427 and 566 genes respectively. There were 673 differentially expressed genes in the breast muscle transcriptome between the commercial meat pigeons and ornamental pigeons. Pigeon genome selection signal combined with the breast muscle transcriptome revealed that 6 genes from commercial varieties of pigeons and 5 genes from Chinese traditional ornamental pigeons were positively selected. These genes were involved in pathways related to muscle development and function. Conclusion: Integrated selection signal, transcriptome analysis, and functional annotation identified SYNE1 as a key gene enriched in the actin binding and muscle cell differentiation pathways. Moreover, SYNE1 gene mutations have been associated with human muscular dystrophy. The differential expression of this gene reveals that it has a negative regulatory role in the development and function of pigeon breast muscle.

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