INDUCTION OF MACROCYTIC-NORMOCHROMIC ANAEMIA IN Clarias gariepinus –Siluriform- EXPOSED TO SUB-LETHAL CONCENTRATIONS OF 1, 1-DIMETHYL 4, 4-BIPIRIDILLIUM DICHLORIDE (PARAQUAT) UNDER LABPRATORY CONDITIONS

Introduction: Macrocytic-normochromic anaemia was induced in Clarias gariepinus at intervals of 1, 7 and 14 days. Experimental fish were exposed to test water separately diluted with sub-lethal concentrations of paraquat of 0, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07 and 0.09mg/L. 14 days. No in-depth work has been carried out on Macrocytic-normochromic anaemia in Nigeria. Objective: to evaluate macrocytic-normochromic anaemia in Clarias gariepinus exposed to sublethal concentrations of paraquat. Methods: Blood were collected at intervals of 1, 7 and 14 days .Results: Blood dyscrasias was observed with a significant (p<0.05) decrease in haemoglobin, haematocrit, red blood cells, white blood cells, lymphocytes and monocytes. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), Mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), Neutrophils, Eosinophil and Basophil increased significantly (p<0.05) with increasing concentrations of the toxicant while Mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) remained normal. Conclusion: Sublethal concentrations of paraquat induced macrocytic-normochromic anaemia in the exposed Clarias gariepinus.

Metabolite Comparison between Serum and Follicular Fluid of Dairy Cows with Inactive Ovaries Postpartum

Inactive ovaries (IO) is a kind of postpartum ovarian disease in dairy cows, which sometimes accounts for 50% of ovarian disease, which seriously affects the dairy cows’s reproductive efficiency. To explore the metabolic changes in the serum and follicular fluid of dairy cows with IO during lactation, in this study six estrus (E) cows and six IO cows at 50 to 55 days in milk were selected according to B ultrasonic detection and clinical manifestations. The differential metabolites in serum and follicular fluid between the E cows and IO cows were identified by ultra-high-pressure liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry, combined with multidimensional statistical methods. The result shows that dairy cows with IO were in a subclinical ketosis status (BHBA > 1.20 mmol/L), 14 differential metabolites in the serum of IO cows included 10 increased metabolites and 4 decreased metabolites, while 14 differential metabolites in the follicular fluid of IO cows included 8 increased metabolites and 6 decreased metabolites. These differential metabolites mainly involve 9 metabolic pathways. Among them, the common enrichment pathway of different metabolites in serum and follicular fluid are glycerophospholipid metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversions. In conclusion, there are significant differences in the differential metabolites and enrichment pathways between serum and follicular fluid of IO cows. It implies that there are the complex changes in blood metabolism and local follicular metabolism of IO cows with subclinical ketosis, which their interaction relationship needs to be further confirmed.

A Cohesive Approach in Identifying a Missed-pay of Carbonate Reservoir in a Brownfield

L Field is a brownfield located in the South Sumatra Basin with numerous producing wells. Adjacent to this field, there is a large carbonate reservoir with a significant recovery factor. Carbonate is found in L Field but it was deposited in distal environment with different characters. In attempt to prolong the life of L Field, its carbonate reservoir is evaluated. An integration between geology, petrophysics, reservoir and production engineering works has been done to get comprehensive results. The evaluation was put into 2 categories, qualitative and quantitative methods. The qualitative method is done by geologist whom deals with well-by-well review, reservoir correlations, depositional environment interpretation according to regional context, and qualitative candidates scoring. The quantitative method is divided into petrophysical and production data analyses as well as well integrity. The final screening candidates are the result of both methods. Based on the core description from adjacent field, carbonate in L Field has 2 different zones, zone A and B. From the qualitative perception only, zone A can be categorized as non-reservoir, due to high gamma-ray reading. However, the solubility test confirms that the zone has high calcareous content. After final scoring, L-14 well has the highest score for zone A and L-15 for zone B. This Poster highlighted the importance of a cohesive approach among multi-disciplines works which can successfully identify missed pay potential to proving up reserves. As a result, a significant amount of volumetric has been calculated for carbonate in L Field. Due to the good solubility result of the formation with HCl, matrix acidizing stimulation is also prepared. To prove-up reserves in L Field initially, it is recommended to open zone A of L-14 and zone B of L-15. The workover will continue with the remaining wells which have lower scores contingent on both wells' results

The differences in Papuan elite athletes in the anxiety perspective

Anxiety is believed to be an important psychological dimension in determining the outcome of sport matches. However, studies examining this aspect of Papuan elite athletes have never been conducted. Therefor, this study aims to reveal the differences in the anxiety amidst the Papuan elite athletes in terms of sport and gender. Furthermore, the comparative research method used involves six sports with different characteristics, namely game, martial arts, and accuracy. Subsequently, a total of 100 athletes in the PON XX preparation training camp are involved, with about 39 in the game (M= 19, F= 20), 32 in martial arts (M= 18, F= 14), and 31 in the accuracy sport (L = 14 P = 17). Furthermore, the Sport Anxiety Scale-2 (SAS-2) is used as an instrument for data collection on athlete's anxiety. Research data collection is carried out during the COVID-19 pandemic, so that the distribution of research instruments is carried out online using the google form. The research data are analyzed using descriptive and ANOVA techniques using the IBM SPSS program version 26. The results show that (1) there is no difference in anxiety between athletes in the sport of games, martial arts, and accuracy, (2) there is no difference in anxiety between male and female athletes. Although there is no difference, the anxiety that existed in athletes, especially at low and high levels, they need attention from the coach.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Compounds from Cudrania tricuspidata in HaCaT Human Keratinocytes

The root bark of Cudrania tricuspidata has been reported to have anti-sclerotic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective, and cytotoxic activities. In the present study, the effect of 16 compounds from C. tricuspidata on tumor necrosis factor-α+interferon-γ-treated HaCaT cells were investigated. Among these 16 compounds, 11 decreased IL-6 production and 15 decreased IL-8 production. The six most effective compounds, namely, steppogenin (2), cudraflavone C (6), macluraxanthone B (12), 1,6,7-trihydroxy-2-(1,1-dimethyl-2-propenyl)-3- methoxyxanthone (13), cudraflavanone B (4), and cudratricusxanthone L (14), were selected for further experiments. These six compounds decreased the expression levels of chemokines, such as regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), and downregulated the protein expression levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1. Compounds 2, 6, 12, 4, and 14 inhibited nuclear factor-kappa B p65 translocation to the nucleus; however, compound 13 showed no significant effects. In addition, extracellular signal regulatory kinase-1/2 phosphorylation was only inhibited by compound 14, whereas p38 phosphorylation was inhibited by compounds 13 and 4. Taken together, the compounds from C. tricuspidata showed potential to be further developed as therapeutic agents to suppress inflammation in skin cells.

Staphylococcus saprophyticus causing infections in humans are associated with high resistance to heavy metals

Staphylococcus saprophyticus is a common pathogen of the urinary tract, a heavy metal-rich environment, but information regarding its heavy metal resistance is unknown. We investigated 422 S. saprophyticus isolates from human infection and colonization/contamination, animals, and environmental sources for resistance to copper, zinc, arsenic and cadmium using agar dilution method. To identify the genes associated with metal resistance and assess possible links to pathogenicity, we accessed the whole-genome sequence of all isolates and used in-silico and pangenome-wide association approaches. The MIC values for copper and zinc were uniformly high (1,600 mg/L). Genes encoding copper efflux pumps (copA, copB, copZ, mco, and csoR) and zinc transporters (zinT, czrAB, znuBC, and zur) were abundant in the population (20-100%). Arsenic and cadmium showed various susceptibility levels. Genes encoding the ars operon (arsRDABC), an ABC transporter and a two-component permease were linked to resistance to arsenic (≥1,600 mg/L, 14%; 58/422, p<0.05). At least three cad-genes (cadA or cadC and cadD-cadX or czrC) and genes encoding multidrug efflux pumps and hyper-osmoregulation in acidified conditions were associated with resistance to cadmium (≥200 mg/L, 20% (85/422)) (p <0.05). These resistance genes were frequently carried by mobile genetic elements. Resistance to arsenic and cadmium were linked to human infection and to a clonal lineage originating in animals (p <0.05). Altogether, S. saprophyticus were highly resistant to heavy metals and accumulated multiple metal resistance determinants. The highest arsenic and cadmium resistance levels were associated with infection, suggesting resistance to these metals are relevant for S. saprophyticus pathogenicity.

MO389PREDICTORS OF COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE CARDIAC DISEASES

Background and Aims Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and serious problem associated with poor prognosis. The aim of the study was to reveal the prevalence and predictors of community-acquired AKI in patients with acute cardiac diseases. Method 566 patients (278 with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF), 288 with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS), 46% male, 71±11 years (M±SD), smokers 26%, arterial hypertension 91%, previous myocardial infarction (MI) 45%, diabetes mellitus (DM) 28%, atrial fibrillation 35%, chronic kidney disease (CKD) 46%, previous hospitalization with ADHF 36%, ejection fraction (EF) &lt;35% 15%, blood pressure (BP) 142±30/83±16 mmHg) were examined. AKI was diagnosed according 2012 KDIGO Guidelines. Community-acquired AKI was identified in patients with elevated serum creatinine levels on admission, which decreased during hospitalization. Results: Incidence of AKI in all patients, patients with ADHF and NSTE-ACS was 40, 43.5 and 37.2%. In-hospital mortality in patients with AKI was higher than in those with stable kidney function (14.9 vs 3.6%, p&lt;0.001). Community-acquired AKI was present in 18% of patients (20.5 and 15.6% in ADHF and NSTE-ACS respectively), in-hospital mortality was 16.7% (10.5 and 24.4% respectively). The risk assessment scale for community-acquired AKI was developed based on independent predictors of AKI, using binary logistic regression and ROC analysis (AUC 0.860, 95% CI 0.821-0.898). Independent variables included in the model, and the corresponding points (pts) are listed below: clinical and demographic characteristics (male gender - 6 pts, alcohol abuse - 7 pts, DM - 1 pt), present on admission (MI - 5 pts, AHF/ADHF - 9 pts, systolic BP &lt;120 - 10 pts, &lt;110 - 15 pts, &lt;90 mmHg - 27 pts; state of kidney function on admission: serum creatinine &gt;98 and &gt;128 mkmol/L - 14 and 22 pts, GFRCKD-EPI &lt;45 and &lt;15 ml/min/1.73 m2 - 7 and 14 pts; glucose level &gt;7 mmol/L - 4 pts), outpatient intake of ACE inhibitors - 4 pts, absence of spironolactone in outpatient therapy - 1 pt. Diagnostically significant risk score for predicting AKI was &gt;30 pts, the risk prediction model showed sensitivity 89%, specificity 66%. Conclusion Community-acquired AKI is common in patients in acute cardiovascular events, is associated with high mortality, and often is underdiagnosed. Usage of risk assessment scale in clinical practice may help to detect patients with high-risk of AKI on admission. Baseline kidney function and blood pressure level are main predictors of AKI in patients admitted with acute cardiac diseases.

Characterization of the Plasma Lipidome in Dairy Cattle Transitioning from Gestation to Lactation: Identifying Novel Biomarkers of Metabolic Impairment

The discovery of novel biomarkers for peripartal diseases in dairy cows can improve our understanding of normal and dysfunctional metabolism, and lead to nutritional interventions that improve health and milk production. Our objectives were to characterize the plasma lipidome and identify metabolites associated with common markers of metabolic disease in peripartal dairy cattle. Multiparous Holstein cows (n = 27) were enrolled 30 d prior to expected parturition. Blood and liver samples were routinely collected through to d 14 postpartum. Untargeted lipidomics was performed using quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Based on postpartum measures, cows were categorized into low or high total fatty acid area under the curve (total FAAUC; d 1–14 postpartum; 4915 ± 1369 vs. 12,501 ± 2761 (μmol/L × 14 d); n = 18), β-hydroxybutyrate AUC (BHBAAUC; d 1–14 postpartum; 4583 ± 459 vs. 7901 ± 1206 (μmol/L × 14 d); n = 18), or liver lipid content (d 5 and 14 postpartum; 5 ± 1 vs. 12 ± 2% of wet weight; n = 18). Cows displayed decreases in plasma triacylglycerols and monoalkyl-diacylglycerols, and the majority of phospholipids reached a nadir at parturition. Phosphatidylcholines (PC) 32:3, 35:5, and 37:5 were specific for high total FAAUC, PC 31:3, 32:3, 35:5, and 37:5 were specific for high BHBAAUC, and PC 31:2, 31:3, and 32:3 were specific for high liver lipid content. PC 32:3 was specific for elevated total FA, BHBA, and liver lipid content. Lipidomics revealed a dynamic peripartal lipidome remodeling, and lipid markers associated with elevated total FA, BHBA, and liver lipid content. The effectiveness of nutrition to impact these lipid biomarkers for preventing excess lipolysis and fatty liver warrants evaluation.

Design, Simulation and Fabrication of an Implanted Antenna at ISM Band in Body Tissue

A rectangular meandering-microstrip patch antenna (RM-MPA) with shorting pin for implant antenna and biomedical applications at industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band is proposed. The rectangular patch has length of l =14 mm and width of w =9.4 mm. The substrate and superstrate are made of Rogers 3210 with dielectric constant equals 10.2. The RMMPA is placed between the substrate and superstrate dielectric layers whose same thickness equals 0.635 mm. The proposed antenna is fed by a 50-ohm coaxial probe, at the centre of the length and edge of the width of the patch. The input impedance of patch antenna varies with the patch geometry. Thus, the geometry of the patch changed to achieve impedance matching at ISM band. The rectangular patch divided to three sections along width for meandering. The resonance frequency is tuned by meandering each section. The proposed antenna is simulated in free space and skin phantom. Proposed antenna has efficiency of 90%, bandwidth 1.02%. Both radiation pattern and SAR are evaluated which SAR level is below the safety and satisfies SAR standards. Finally, the antenna is tested in minced meat and tissue liquid.