scholarly journals Analysis of Causes of Death Among Brought-in-Dead Cases in a Third-Level Hospital in Lusaka, Republic of Zambia, Using the Tariff Method 2.0 for Verbal Autopsy: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuta Yokobori ◽  
Jun Matsuura ◽  
Yasuo Sugiura ◽  
Charles Mutemba ◽  
Martin Nyahoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Death Notification ◽  
Hospital Deaths ◽  
Tariff Method ◽  
Level Hospital

Abstract Background Over one third of deaths in Zambian health facilities involve someone who has already died before arrival (i.e., brought in dead [BiD]), and in most BiD cases, the causes of death (CoD) have not been fully analyzed. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the CoD of BiD cases using the Tariff Method 2.0 for automated verbal autopsy (VA), which is called SmartVA.Methods The target site was one third-level hospital in the Republic of Zambia’s capital city. All BiD cases aged 13 years and older at this facility from January to August 2017 were included. The deceased’s closest relatives were interviewed using a structured VA questionnaire (Population Health Metrics Research Consortium Shortened Questionnaire) and the data were analyzed using the SmartVA to determine the CoD at the individual and population level. The CoDs were compared with description on the death notification forms by using t-test and Cohen’s kappa coefficient.Results Approximately 1500 cases were included (average age = 47.2 years, 61.8% males). The top CoD were infectious diseases, including acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, tuberculosis, and malaria, followed by non-communicable diseases, such as stroke, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes mellitus (DM). The comparison with the CoD distribution among hospital deaths showed that the trends were similar except for DM, which was greater among hospital deaths, and malaria and accident, which were less frequent in the main CoD. The proportion of cases with a determined CoD was significantly higher when using the SmartVA (75%) than the death notification form (61%). A proportion (42.7%) of the CoD-determined cases matched in both sources, with a low concordance rate (kappa coefficient = 0.1385).Conclusions The CoD of the BiD cases were successfully analyzed using the SmartVA for the first time in Zambia. While there many erroneous descriptions on the death notification form, the SmartVA could determine the CoD among more BiD cases. Since the information on the death notification form is reflected in the national vital statistics, more accurate and complete CoD data are required. In order to strengthen the death registration system with accurate CoD, it will be useful to embed the SmartVA in Zambia’s health information system.

scholarly journals Analysis of Causes of Death Among Brought-in-Dead Cases in a Third-Level Hospital in Lusaka, Republic of Zambia, Using the Tariff Method 2.0 for Verbal Autopsy: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuta Yokobori ◽  
Jun Matsuura ◽  
Yasuo Sugiura ◽  
Charles Mutemba ◽  
Martin Nyahoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Death Notification ◽  
Hospital Deaths ◽  
Tariff Method ◽  
Level Hospital

Abstract Background Over one third of deaths in Zambian health facilities involve someone who has already died before arrival (i.e., brought in dead [BiD]), and in most BiD cases, the causes of death (CoD) have not been fully analyzed. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the CoD of BiD cases using the Tariff Method 2.0 for automated verbal autopsy (VA), which is called SmartVA.Methods The target site was one third-level hospital in the Republic of Zambia’s capital city. All BiD cases aged 13 years and older at this facility from January to August 2017 were included. The deceased’s closest relatives were interviewed using a structured VA questionnaire (Population Health Metrics Research Consortium Shortened Questionnaire) and the data were analyzed using the SmartVA to determine the CoD at the individual and population level. The CoDs were compared with description on the death notification forms by using t-test and Cohen’s kappa coefficient.Results Approximately 1500 cases were included (average age = 47.2 years, 61.8% males). The top CoD were infectious diseases, including acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, tuberculosis, and malaria, followed by non-communicable diseases, such as stroke, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes mellitus (DM). The comparison with the CoD distribution among hospital deaths showed that the trends were similar except for DM, which was greater among hospital deaths, and malaria and accident, which were less frequent in the main CoD. The proportion of cases with a determined CoD was significantly higher when using the SmartVA (75%) than the death notification form (61%). A proportion (42.7%) of the CoD-determined cases matched in both sources, with a low concordance rate (kappa coefficient = 0.1385).Conclusions The CoD of the BiD cases were successfully analyzed using the SmartVA for the first time in Zambia. While there many erroneous descriptions on the death notification form, the SmartVA could determine the CoD among more BiD cases. Since the information on the death notification form is reflected in the national vital statistics, more accurate and complete CoD data are required. In order to strengthen the death registration system with accurate CoD, it will be useful to embed the SmartVA in Zambia’s health information system.

scholarly journals Analysis of Causes of Death Among Brought-in-Dead Cases in a Third-Level Hospital in Lusaka, Republic of Zambia, Using the Tariff Method 2.0 for Verbal Autopsy: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuta Yokobori ◽  
Jun Matsuura ◽  
Yasuo Sugiura ◽  
Charles Mutemba ◽  
Martin Nyahoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Health Information System ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Kappa Coefficient ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Death Notification ◽  
Tariff Method ◽  
Level Hospital

Abstract Background: Over one third of deaths in Zambian health facilities involve someone who has already died before arrival (i.e., Brough in Dead[横堀1] ), and in most BiD cases, the CoD have not been fully analyzed. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the function of automated VA based on the Tariff Method 2.0 to identify the CoD among the BiD cases and the usefulness by comparing the data on the death notification form. Methods: The target site was one third-level hospital in the Republic of Zambia’s capital city. All BiD cases who reached the target health facility [横堀2] from January to August 2017 were included. The deceased’s closest relatives were interviewed using a structured VA questionnaire and the data were analyzed using the SmartVA to determine the CoD at the individual and population level. The CoD were compared with description on the death notification forms by using t-test and Cohen’s kappa coefficient. Results: [横堀3] 1378 and 209 cases were included for persons aged 13 years and older (Adult) and those aged 1 month to 13 years old (Child), respectively. The top CoD for Adults were infectious diseases followed by non-communicable diseases and that for Child were infectious diseases, followed by accidents. The proportion of cases with a determined CoD was significantly higher when using the SmartVA (75% for Adult and 67% for Child) than the death notification form (61%). A proportion (42.7% for Adult and 46% for Child) of the CoD-determined cases matched in both sources, with a low concordance rate for Adult (kappa coefficient = 0.1385) and a good for Child(kappa coefficient = 0.635). Conclusions: The CoD of the BiD cases were successfully analyzed using the SmartVA for the first time in Zambia. While there many erroneous descriptions on the death notification form, the SmartVA could determine the CoD among more BiD cases. Since the information on the death notification form is reflected in the national vital statistics, more accurate and complete CoD data are required. In order to strengthen the death registration system with accurate CoD, it will be useful to embed the SmartVA in Zambia’s health information system.

scholarly journals Analysis of Causes of Death Among Brought-in-Dead Cases in a Third-Level Hospital in Lusaka, Republic of Zambia, Using the Tariff Method 2.0 for Verbal Autopsy: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuta Yokobori ◽  
Jun Matsuura ◽  
Yasuo Sugiura ◽  
Charles Mutemba ◽  
Martin Nyahoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Health Information System ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Kappa Coefficient ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Death Notification ◽  
Tariff Method ◽  
Level Hospital

Abstract Background: Over one third of deaths in Zambian health facilities involve someone who has already died before arrival (i.e., Brough in Dead), and in most BiD cases, the CoD have not been fully analyzed. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the function of automated VA based on the Tariff Method 2.0 to identify the CoD among the BiD cases and the usefulness by comparing the data on the death notification form. Methods: The target site was one third-level hospital in the Republic of Zambia’s capital city. All BiD cases who reached the target health facility from January to August 2017 were included. The deceased’s closest relatives were interviewed using a structured VA questionnaire and the data were analyzed using the SmartVA to determine the CoD at the individual and population level. The CoD were compared with description on the death notification forms by using t-test and Cohen’s kappa coefficient. Results: 1378 and 209 cases were included for persons aged 13 years and older (Adult) and those aged 1 month to 13 years old (Child), respectively. The top CoD for Adults were infectious diseases followed by non-communicable diseases and that for Child were infectious diseases, followed by accidents. The proportion of cases with a determined CoD was significantly higher when using the SmartVA (75% for Adult and 67% for Child) than the death notification form (61%). A proportion (42.7% for Adult and 46% for Child) of the CoD-determined cases matched in both sources, with a low concordance rate for Adult (kappa coefficient = 0.1385) and a good for Child(kappa coefficient = 0.635). Conclusions: The CoD of the BiD cases were successfully analyzed using the SmartVA for the first time in Zambia. While there many erroneous descriptions on the death notification form, the SmartVA could determine the CoD among more BiD cases. Since the information on the death notification form is reflected in the national vital statistics, more accurate and complete CoD data are required. In order to strengthen the death registration system with accurate CoD, it will be useful to embed the SmartVA in Zambia’s health information system.

scholarly journals Use of verbal autopsy and social autopsy in humanitarian crises

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. e000640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa-Marie Thomas ◽  
Lucia D’Ambruoso ◽  
Dina Balabanova
Keyword(s):  
Community Involvement ◽  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Holistic View ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Social Autopsy ◽  
Humanitarian Crises

IntroductionTwo billion people live in countries affected by conflict, violence and fragility. These are exceptional situations in which mortality shifts dramatically and in which civil registration and vital statistics systems are often weakened or cease to function. Verbal autopsy and social autopsy (VA and SA) are methods used to assign causes of death and understand the contexts in which these occur, in settings where information is otherwise unavailable. This review sought to explore the use of VA and SA in humanitarian crises, with a focus on how these approaches are used to inform policy and programme responses.MethodsA rapid scoping review was conducted on the use of VA and SA in humanitarian crises in low and middle-income countries since 1991. Drawing on a maximum variation approach, two settings of application (‘application contexts’) were selected and investigated via nine semi-structured expert interviews.ResultsVA can determine causes of death in crisis-affected populations where no other registration system is in place. Combined with SA and active community involvement, these methods can deliver a holistic view of obstacles to seeking and receiving essential healthcare, yielding context-specific information to inform appropriate responses. The contexts in which VA and SA are used require adaptations to standard tools, and new mobile developments in VA raise specific ethical considerations. Furthermore, collecting and sythesising data in a timely, continuous manner, and ensuring coordination and communication between agencies, is important to realise the potential of these approaches.ConclusionVA and SA are valuable research methods to foster evidence-informed responses for populations affected by humanitarian crises. When coordinated and communicated effectively, data generated through these methods can help to identify levels, causes and circumstances of deaths among vulnerable groups, and can enable planning and allocating resources effectively, potentially improving health system resilience to future crises.

Derivation and Validation of Risk Scores for Cause-Specific Mortality using Verbal Autopsy Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tshifhiwa Nkwenika ◽  
Samuel Manda
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Autopsy ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
False Positive Error ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Developmental Policies ◽  
Burden Of Diseases

Abstract BackgroundDeaths certification remains a challenge mostly in the low-resources countries which results in poor availability and incompleteness of vital statistics. In such sceneries, public health and developmental policies concerning the burden of diseases are limited in their derivation and application. The study aimed at developing and evaluating appropriate cause-specific mortality risk scores using Verbal Autopsy (VA) data. MethodsA logistic regression model was used to identify independent predictors of NCDs, AIDS/TB, and CDs specific causes of death. Risk scores were derived using a point scoring system. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to validate the models by matching the number of reported deaths to the number of deaths predicted by the models. ResultsThe models provided accurate prediction results with sensitivities of 86%, 46%, and 40% and false-positive error rates of 44%, 11%, and 12% for NCDs, AIDS/TB, and CDs respectively. ConclusionThis study has shown that, in low- and medium-income countries, simple risk scores using information collected using verbal autopsy questionnaire could be adequately used to assign causes of death for Non-Communicable Diseases and AIDS/TB

scholarly journals Describing the Linkages of the Citizenship and Immigration Canada Permanent Resident Data and Vital Statistics—Death Registry to Ontario’s Administrative Health Database

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Guttmann ◽  
Maria Chiu ◽  
Michael Lebenbaum ◽  
Kelvin Lam ◽  
Nelson Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Record Linkage ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthcare Data ◽  
Universal Healthcare ◽  
Permanent Resident ◽  
Linkage Methods ◽  
Health Database

ABSTRACTObjectives Ontario, the most populous province in Canada, has a universal healthcare system that routinely collects health administrative data on its 13 million legal residents that is used for health research. Record linkage has become a vital tool for this research by enriching this data with the Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) Permanent Resident database and the Office of the Registrar General’s Vital Statistics-Death (VSD) registry. Our objectives were to estimate linkage rates and compare characteristics of individuals in the linked versus unlinked files. Approach We used both deterministic and probabilistic linkage methods to link the IRCC database (1985-2012) and VSD registry (1990-2012) to the Ontario’s Registered Persons Database. Linkage rates were estimated and standardized differences were used to assess differences in socio-demographic and other characteristics between the linked and unlinked records. Results The overall linkage rates for the IRCC database and VSD registry were 86.4% and 96.2%, respectively. The majority (68.2%) of the record linkages in IRCC were achieved after the three deterministic passes with the remaining 18.2% being linked probabilistically. Similarly the majority (79.8%) of the record linkages in the ORGD were linked using deterministic record linkage and the remaining 16.3% were linked after probabilistic and manual review. Unlinked and linked files were similar for most characteristics, such as age and marital status for IRCC and sex and most causes of death for VSD. However, lower linkage rates were observed among people born in East Asia (78%) in the IRCC database and certain causes of death in the VSD registry, namely perinatal conditions (61.3%) and congenital anomalies (81.3%). Conclusion The linkages of immigration and vital statistics data to existing population-based healthcare data in Ontario, Canada will enable many novel cross-sectional and longitudinal studies to be conducted. Analytic techniques to account for sub-optimal linkage rates may be required in studies of certain ethnic groups or certain causes of death among children and infants.

scholarly journals Pelaksanaan Registrasi Kematian dan Penyebab Kematian di Kota Ambon Tahun 2014

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Eva Sulistiowati ◽  
Kartika Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Focus Group Discussion ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Death Registration ◽  
Registration System

Abstract The registration system of death and cause of death as part of a good Civil Registration and Vital Statistics System (CRVS) form the basis for planning, monitoring and evaluating development programs. Ambon City as one of the development areas for recording death and causes of death since 2010 shows results that are still under-estimated (below 7 permill). Evaluation of the implementation process is needed to find out the obstacles. The qualitative methods include in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and collecting secondary data as supporting data. The analysis is part of the Comprehensive Evaluation Study on the Development of the Death Registration System and the Causes of Death in 14 districts/cities in Indonesia in 2014, carried out by triangulation and thematically compiled. The results obtained that the system of birth and death registration in the city of Ambon is already well-organized: there are regional regulations regarding the administration of population administration even though they have not included information on causes of death; the difference in vital registration data from various agencies; limited human resources, funds, facilities and infrastructure; and public awareness to report births/deaths still low. To increase the coverage of death registration and causes of death, it is necessary: local government regulations that include the cause of death; formation of joint committees and “one data” vital statistics; Autopsy Verbal (AV) workshop/training; utilization of funds from the Regional Revenue and Expenditure Budget and Health Operational Costs optimally; cooperation with community leaders (Muhabet) and socialization to the community. Abstrak Sistem registrasi kematian dan penyebab kematian sebagai bagian dari Sistem Registrasi Sipil dan Statistik Vital (Civil Registrations and Vital Statistics/CRVS) yang baik menjadi dasar untuk perencanaan, monitoring, dan evaluasi program pembangunan. Kota Ambon sebagai salah satu daerah pengembangan kegiatan pencatatan kematian dan penyebab kematian sejak tahun 2010, menunjukkan hasil yang masih under estimate (dibawah 7 permil). Evaluasi proses pelaksanaan diperlukan untuk mengetahui kendala yang dihadapi. Metode yang digunakan kualitatif meliputi wawancara mendalam, Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dan mengumpulkan data sekunder sebagai data pendukung. Analisis merupakan bagian dari Studi Evaluasi Menyeluruh Pengembangan Sistem Registrasi Kematian dan Penyebab Kematian di 14 kabupaten/kota di Indonesia Tahun 2014, dilakukan dengan triangulasi dan disusun secara tematik. Hasil yang diperoleh bahwa sistem pencatatan kelahiran dan kematian di Kota Ambon sudah tersistem dan tertata cukup baik, ada peraturan daerah tentang penyelenggaraan administrasi kependudukan walaupun belum mencakup keterangan penyebab kematian; adanya perbedaan data registrasi vital dari berbagai instansi; keterbatasan sumber daya manusia, dana, sarana prasarana; serta kesadaran masyarakat untuk melaporkan kejadian kelahiran/kematian yang masih rendah. Untuk meningkatkan cakupan registrasi kematian dan penyebab kematian, diperlukan: regulasi pemerintah daerah yang menyertakan penyebab kematian; pembentukan komite bersama dan “one data” statistik vital; workshop/pelatihan Autopsy Verbal (AV); pemanfaatan dana Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah (APBD) dan Biaya Operasional Kesehatan (BOK) secara optimal; kerjasama dengan tokoh masyarakat (Muhabet), dan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat.

The causes of death of hospitalized children in Angola

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Ataíde E Pinto ◽  
JoãO Guilherme Alves
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Perinatal Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reference Centre ◽  
The World ◽  
And Control

Angola currently has the second mortality rate for children in the world. A cross-sectional study was performed containing 1322 random selected children of the 10288 hospitalized from December 2004 to May 2005 at the Hospital Pediátrico David Bernardino, the largest hospital in Angola and health reference centre located in the capital city of Luanda. Hospital mortality was 18% and the main causes of death were:malaria (22.4%), undernutrition (21.5%), pneumonia (11.8%), neonatal affections (9.3%) and meningitis (8.0%). Programmes must be rapidly implemented to eradicate undernutrition, improve perinatal care and control infections, especially malaria, pneumonia and meningitis.

scholarly journals The Epidemiology of Human Mortality in West Azerbaijan Province, Iran, 2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 30049.1-30049.9
Author(s):  
Flora Farivarnia ◽  
◽  
Rasool Entezarmahdi ◽  
Mohammad Delirrad ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Death Registration ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Human Mortality ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
West Azerbaijan

Background: This article presents the most recent mortality data in West Azerbaijan Province (WAP) of Iran in 2016 based on selected characteristics, including age, sex, state of residence, and cause of death. Methods: After the local Ethics Committee approval, we obtained the data for this systematic database study from the local health registration office. The causes of death are processed following the International Classification of Diseases, tenth revision (ICD-10). The vital statistics were refined from the yearbooks of the National Organization for Civil Registration. Results: In 2016, a total of 14688 deaths were registered in the Health Death Registration System (HDRS) and 14622 in the Civil Death Registration System (CDRS) of WAP (~4% of Iran’s mortality). The Crude Mortality Rate (CMR) was 4.30 per 1000, showing an increase of 7.5% from the 2011 rate. Of the deceased, 56.9% were males, and 60% were attributed to urban areas. On average, men died 4 years earlier than women (61.2 vs 65.3 years, respectively). The major causes of death in 2016 remained the same as in 2011. Conclusion: The pattern of human mortality in WAP is comparatively consistent with the other regions of Iran except for the higher rate of neoplasms (19.6% compared to 10.7% of the country average) and the lower ratio of certain infectious and parasitic diseases (1% compared to 3.8% of the national average). There was a significant difference in registering the state of residence between HDRS and CDRS, which is highly recommended for further investigation in future studies.

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