scholarly journals Culture of porcine Vascular Wall - Mesenchymal Stem Cells on 3D biodegradable highly porous mineral doped Poly (α-hydroxy) acids scaffolds

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Forni ◽  
Chiara Bernardini ◽  
Fausto Zamparini ◽  
Augusta Zannoni ◽  
Roberta Salaroli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Dapi Staining ◽  
Highly Porous

Abstract Background Vascularization is a crucial factor when approaching any engineered tissue. Hybrid biomaterials composed of biodegradable synthetic polymers and inorganic materials showed suitable properties for biomedical application. Being Vascular Wall – Mesenchymal Stem Cells derived from pig thoracic aorta (pVW-MSCs) an excellent in vitro model to study vascular remodelling due to their strong angiogenic attitude, the aim of the present study was to demonstrate the angiogenic potential of experimental highly porous scaffolds based on polylactic acid (PLA) or poly-e-caprolactone (PCL) doped with calcium silicates (CaSi) and dicalcium phosphate dehydrated (DCPD), namely PLA-10CaSi-10DCPD and PCL-10CaSi-10DCPD. Results The results obtained clearly demonstrated that the cells colonized the scaffolds and were metabolically active. Moreover cells, grown in these 3D systems, showed the typical gene expression profile they have in control 2D culture, although with some main quantitative differences. DAPI staining and immunofluorescence assay confirmed cellular presence on both scaffolds, however pVW-MSCs cultured in PLA-10CaSi-10DCPD showed an individual cellular growth, in contrast, in PCL-10CaSi-10DCPD scaffolds pVW-MSCs grew in spherical clusters. Conclusion In conclusion, the property of the experimental scaffolds demonstrated the suitability of the scaffolds to be colonized by vascular stem cells for new vessels formation and a potential application in tissue regeneration for biomedical purpose.

scholarly journals Vascular Wall–Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentiation on 3D Biodegradable Highly Porous CaSi-DCPD Doped Poly (α-hydroxy) Acids Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Forni ◽  
Chiara Bernardini ◽  
Fausto Zamparini ◽  
Augusta Zannoni ◽  
Roberta Salaroli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Alpha Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Highly Porous

Vascularization is a crucial factor when approaching any engineered tissue. Vascular wall–mesenchymal stem cells are an excellent in vitro model to study vascular remodeling due to their strong angiogenic attitude. This study aimed to demonstrate the angiogenic potential of experimental highly porous scaffolds based on polylactic acid (PLA) or poly-e-caprolactone (PCL) doped with calcium silicates (CaSi) and dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DCPD), namely PLA-10CaSi-10DCPD and PCL-10CaSi-10DCPD, designed for the regeneration of bone defects. Vascular wall–mesenchymal stem cells (VW-MSCs) derived from pig thoracic aorta were seeded on the scaffolds and the expression of angiogenic markers, i.e. CD90 (mesenchymal stem/stromal cell surface marker), pericyte genes α-SMA (alpha smooth muscle actin), PDGFR-β (platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β), and NG2 (neuron-glial antigen 2) was evaluated. Pure PLA and pure PCL scaffolds and cell culture plastic were used as controls (3D in vitro model vs. 2D in vitro model). The results clearly demonstrated that the vascular wall mesenchymal cells colonized the scaffolds and were metabolically active. Cells, grown in these 3D systems, showed the typical gene expression profile they have in control 2D culture, although with some main quantitative differences. DNA staining and immunofluorescence assay for alpha-tubulin confirmed a cellular presence on both scaffolds. However, VW-MSCs cultured on PLA-10CaSi-10DCPD showed an individual cells growth, whilst on PCL-10CaSi-10DCPD scaffolds VW-MSCs grew in spherical clusters. In conclusion, vascular wall mesenchymal stem cells demonstrated the ability to colonize PLA and PCL scaffolds doped with CaSi-DCPD for new vessels formation and a potential for tissue regeneration.

scholarly journals Constitutive and LPS-stimulated secretome of porcine Vascular Wall-Mesenchymal Stem Cells exerts effects on in vitro endothelial angiogenesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Bernardini ◽  
Martina Bertocchi ◽  
Augusta Zannoni ◽  
Roberta Salaroli ◽  
Irvin Tubon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Vascular Wall

scholarly journals Tissue Constructs with Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Treat Bone Defects in Rats

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 2268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Caetano ◽  
Weiguang Wang ◽  
Adriana Murashima ◽  
José Roberto Passarini ◽  
Leonardo Bagne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Paracrine Factors ◽  
Tissue Constructs ◽  
Rat Tissue

The use of porous scaffolds created by additive manufacturing is considered a viable approach for the regeneration of critical-size bone defects. This paper investigates the xenotransplantation of polycaprolactone (PCL) tissue constructs seeded with differentiated and undifferentiated human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) to treat calvarial critical-sized defect in Wistar rats. PCL scaffolds without cells were also considered. In vitro and in vivo biological evaluations were performed to assess the feasibility of these different approaches. In the case of cell seeded scaffolds, it was possible to observe the presence of hADSCs in the rat tissue contributing directly (osteoblasts) and indirectly (stimulation by paracrine factors) to tissue formation, organization and mineralization. The presence of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) in the rat tissue treated with cell-seeded PCL scaffolds suggests that the paracrine factors of undifferentiated hADSC cells could stimulate BMP-2 production by surrounding cells, leading to osteogenesis. Moreover, BMP-2 acts synergistically with growth factors to induce angiogenesis, leading to higher numbers of blood vessels in the groups containing undifferentiated and differentiated hADSCs.

scholarly journals Direct conversion of human fibroblasts into therapeutically active vascular wall-typical mesenchymal stem cells

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (17) ◽  
pp. 3401-3422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Steens ◽  
Kristian Unger ◽  
Lea Klar ◽  
Anika Neureiter ◽  
Karolin Wieber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Vascular Damage ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Programming Approach

Abstract Cell-based therapies using adult stem cells are promising options for the treatment of a number of diseases including autoimmune and cardiovascular disorders. Among these, vascular wall-derived mesenchymal stem cells (VW-MSCs) might be particularly well suited for the protection and curative treatment of vascular damage because of their tissue-specific action. Here we report a novel method for the direct conversion of human skin fibroblasts towards MSCs using a VW-MSC-specific gene code (HOXB7, HOXC6 and HOXC8) that directs cell fate conversion bypassing pluripotency. This direct programming approach using either a self-inactivating (SIN) lentiviral vector expressing the VW-MSC-specific HOX-code or a tetracycline-controlled Tet-On system for doxycycline-inducible gene expressions of HOXB7, HOXC6 and HOXC8 successfully mediated the generation of VW-typical MSCs with classical MSC characteristics in vitro and in vivo. The induced VW-MSCs (iVW-MSCs) fulfilled all criteria of MSCs as defined by the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT). In terms of multipotency and clonogenicity, which are important specific properties to discriminate MSCs from fibroblasts, iVW-MSCs behaved like primary ex vivo isolated VW-MSCs and shared similar molecular and DNA methylation signatures. With respect to their therapeutic potential, these cells suppressed lymphocyte proliferation in vitro, and protected mice against vascular damage in a mouse model of radiation-induced pneumopathy in vivo, as well as ex vivo cultured human lung tissue. The feasibility to obtain patient-specific VW-MSCs from fibroblasts in large amounts by a direct conversion into induced VW-MSCs could potentially open avenues towards novel, MSC-based therapies.

scholarly journals In vitro alteration of physiological parameters do not hamper the growth of human multipotent vascular wall-mesenchymal stem cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Ciavarella ◽  
Silvia Fittipaldi ◽  
Silvia Pedrini ◽  
Francesco Vasuri ◽  
Enrico Gallitto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Vascular Wall ◽  
Physiological Parameters

Autologous transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells into the portal vein of the miniature pig; a preliminary experiment for NOTES approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 350-355
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Liver Parenchyma ◽  
Miniature Pig ◽  
Hepatic Diseases ◽  
Study Results

Introduction: There is evidence that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could trans-differentiate into the liver cells in vitro and in vivo and thus may be used as an unfailing source for stem cell therapy of liver disease. Combination of MSCs (with or without their differentiation in vitro) and minimally invasive procedures as laparoscopy or Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES) represents a chance for many patients waiting for liver transplantation in vain. Methods: Over 30 millions of autologous MSCs at passage 3 were transplanted via the portal vein in an eight months old miniature pig. The deposition of transplanted cells in liver parenchyma was evaluated histologically and the trans-differential potential of CM-DiI labeled cells was assessed by expression of pig albumin using immunofluorescence. Results: Three weeks after transplantation we detected the labeled cells (solitary, small clusters) in all 10 samples (2 samples from each lobe) but no diffuse distribution in the samples. The localization of CM-DiI+ cells was predominantly observed around the portal triads. We also detected the localization of albumin signal in CM-DiI labeled cells. Conclusion: The study results showed that the autologous MSCs (without additional hepatic differentiation in vitro) transplantation through the portal vein led to successful infiltration of intact miniature pig liver parenchyma with detectable in vivo trans-differentiation. NOTES as well as other newly developed surgical approaches in combination with cell therapy seem to be very promising for the treatment of hepatic diseases in near future.

In vitro effect of prolactin on the osteogenic potential of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of rats

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melo Ocarino Natalia de ◽  
Silvia Silva Santos ◽  
Lorena Rocha ◽  
Juneo Freitas ◽  
Reis Amanda Maria Sena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Vitro Effect
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