scholarly journals Efficacy of rapid multiplex polymerase chain reaction for early diagnosis and treatment of pertussis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Se Chang Oh ◽  
Soo Min Park ◽  
Jian Hur ◽  
Eun Young Choi ◽  
Hyun Jung Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Bordetella Pertussis ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Pcr Test

Abstract Background Pertussis, a highly infectious respiratory disease caused by Bordetella pertussis, causes airway inflammation and severe, persistent (lasting 2 weeks or more) characteristic whooping cough. In severe cases, complications such as atelectasis and bronchopneumonia may occur. Recently, the prevalence of pertussis has increased in South Korea due to reduced effect of the DTaP vaccination in infants as their age increased. Although culture is the gold standard test for diagnosis, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method is most commonly used for diagnosis of pertussis due to the low sensitivity and long turnaround time of the culture method. Recently, a rapid multiplex PCR test has been introduced for comprehensive detection of respiratory pathogens (17 viruses and 3 bacteria), including Bordetella pertussis, with a turnaround time of 1 hour. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of multiplex PCR for early diagnosis and treatment of pertussis. Methods We performed a retrospective study on patients with pertussis diagnosed from May 2017 to June 2019 at Yeungnam University Hospital. Nasopharyngeal swab specimens were tested using multiplex PCR. Medical records collected included data on age, sex, symptoms at the time of diagnosis, admission, hospitalization, isolation, vaccination history, past medical history, and accompanying diseases. Results A total of 27 patients were diagnosed with pertussis, nine (33.3%) of whom were men, with a median age of 48.9 years (3.3–82.2). Eleven (40.7%) had fever, 12 (44.4%) had dyspnea, 3 (11.1%) had paroxysmal cough, and 9 (33.3%) had inspiratory whooping. Seventeen (62.9%) and 24 (88.8%) patients had coughing for <8 days and ≤14 days, respectively. Median time from first symptom to diagnosis was 9.0 (1–31) days. Twenty-four patients (81.5%) were diagnosed within 2 weeks. All but one patient was prescribed macrolide antibiotics; all patients were isolated, with 22 (81.5%) requiring hospitalization. Three patients (11.1%) received ICU care for ventilation. All patients survived. Conclusion A rapid multiplex PCR test can ensure early diagnosis, isolation, and treatment of pertussis. Testing of patients with respiratory symptom with multiplex PCR can led to early diagnosis of pertussis, proper treatment, and may help in outbreak control.

scholarly journals Comparison between immunochromatographic tests and polymerase chain reaction for FIV and FeLV diagnosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e205974039
Author(s):  
Ludmyla Marques Campbell ◽  
Marinara Lemos ◽  
Valéria Dutra ◽  
Stefhano Luis Candido ◽  
Karla Irigaray Nogueira Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Immunochromatographic Test ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
The World ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The City ◽  
Pcr Test

The retroviruses responsible for feline immunodeficiency and feline leukemia are spread around the world, affecting a large number of animals. These diseases are lifelong and manifest when the cat is immunosuppressed, bringing numerous consequences to their health. The correct and early diagnosis helps in the management of both infected and uninfected animals in order to extend the life of these felines with quality. The present work aims to compare two different tests for the diagnosis of these diseases, in order to discuss the reason for the discrepancy between the results, to demonstrate the positive and negative points of each one and to help the clinician to choose the best method to be used in each situation. The immunochromatographic test and PCR was performed in 66 animals living in the city of Mineiros, Goiás, Brazil. Among these, eight animals were positives in the immunochromatographic test and five in the PCR test for diagnosis of FIV. For FeLV, there were only one positive feline on immunochromatography and 38 positives on PCR. With this result, the conclusion is that both tests have their limitations and one should consider the pathogenesis of the agent in order perform the test correctly or associate them.

scholarly journals Are There Benefits In Early Diagnosis Of Prosthetic Joint Infection With Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction?

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Lausmann ◽  
Akos Zahar ◽  
Mustafa Citak ◽  
Julian Brañes ◽  
Stefan Schmidl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Joint Infection ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Prosthetic Joint ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract. Purpose Identification of bacteria and susceptibility are fundamental in periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). Especially in the case of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) rapid detection of pathogens is essential for proper therapy. Bacterial cultures are time consuming. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a non-culture molecular method and is able to rapidly identify pathogens and their resistance genes. Multiplex PCR (mPCR) can amplify several different DNA sequences simultaneously. The aim of this study was to show the value of mPCR for early diagnosis of PJI.Methods 60 patients undergoing total hip or knee revisions were recruited in this prospective single-centre-study. Three groups were created: 26 patients with aseptic loosening (negative control), 26 patients with chronic PJI, and 8 patients with acute PJI/SIRS. We compared the results of joint aspirates obtained intraoperatively investigated by mPCR with the microbiology results of tissue specimens.Results The overall sensitivity of mPCR was 78.8% (95% CI, 61.1 - 91.0%), the specificity was 100% (95% CI, 87.2 - 100%), the negative predictive value was 79.4% (95% CI, 62.1 - 91.3%), the positive predictive value was 100% (95% CI, 86.8 - 100%), and the overall accuracy was 88.3% (95% CI, 77.4 - 95.2%). The overall accuracy in acute infections/SIRS (87.5%) was greater than in late chronic PJI (76.9%). In PJI the mPCR was able to provide the results within 5 hours whereas the mean time for cultures was 6.4 days.Conclusions Multiplex PCR is a reliable diagnostic tool in PJI management, especially in acute cases complicated with SIRS. Early diagnosis within several hours is possible, targeted antibiotic treatment can be started promptly.

Diagnostic Value of Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction in Detection of Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from Sepsis in Pediatrics

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Galeb ◽  
Maysaa El Sayed Zaki ◽  
Raghdaa Shrief ◽  
Rasha Hassan ◽  
Mohamed Anies
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background: Proper identification of the causative organism in pediatric sepsis is crucial for early diagnosis and prevention of septic shock and organ failure. Objectives: The present study aimed to evaluate the multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to detect Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from positive blood cultures for these pathogens isolated from children, with hospital-acquired sepsis compared to the conventional biochemical reactions for identification of these organisms. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study performed on 100 isolates from pediatric blood cultures, including Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The study also included 100 isolates of Escherichia coli as a negative control. All isolates were identified by API 20NE and the multiplex PCR, with primers specific to the 3 tested bacteria. Results: Multiplex PCR was positive in 96% of isolates, and 4 isolates had negative results. False positive results were reported with three E. coli strains. Multiplex PCR identified all the isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii, 29 isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 27 isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Compared to the biochemical identification, the diagnostic value of the multiplex PCR revealed 96.04% sensitivity, 96.9% specificity, 97.00%, positive predictive value, 96.00% negative predictive value, and 96.50% accuracy. Conclusion: The present study highlights the diagnostic value of multiplex PCR to identify Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia from positive blood cultures. Multiplex PCR was sensitive, specific, and accurate. The accuracy differs according to the organisms, with 100% accuracy for Acinetobacter baumannii.

Death and COVID-19 Anxiety in Home-Quarantined Individuals Aged 65 and Over During the Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 003022282110598
Author(s):  
Hümeyra Aslaner ◽  
Betül Özen ◽  
Zeliha K. Erten ◽  
Mebrure Beyza Gökçek
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Anxiety Score ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Test Result ◽  
Pcr Test

Urgent measures were taken for those at the age of 65 and over who were at the risk group all over the world due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It is known that many individuals at the age of 65 and over have experienced anxiety due to the uncertainties. This study aimed to determine the anxiety and death anxiety in individuals aged 65 and over who were isolation at home due to being diagnosed with COVID-19 or being in contact during the pandemic process. The study is descriptive and cross-sectional. It was performed with 656 home-quarantined individuals aged between 65–80 years with positive or negative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test result. A form including questions about the death anxiety and the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale Short Form prepared by the researchers were administered to the individuals by phone call. Of the participants, 49.5% were male. Median COVID-19 anxiety score was 4 (0–18). Anxiety scores of the male and female participants were similar. Participants with negative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results and those with death anxiety had higher COVID anxiety scores. Death anxiety has increased by 1.661 times in male gender, 1.983 times in RT-PCR positivity and 0.146 times in the presence of symptoms. Individuals with positive COVID-19 test results or those aged 65 and over who had death anxiety and negative COVID-19 test result but who were in home-isolation due to being a contact had higher anxiety score. For this reason, those with death anxiety can be supported in line with their religious beliefs to reduce anxiety. Those with negative PCR test results in quarantine can be adequately informed about the COVID-19.

scholarly journals Standardization of fungal polymerase chain reaction for the early diagnosis of invasive fungal infection

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 412
Author(s):  
C Rodrigues ◽  
P Deshpande ◽  
A Mehta ◽  
A Hedge ◽  
A Shetty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Fungal Infection ◽  
Invasive Fungal Infection ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Early diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis by polymerase chain reaction

Neurology ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 2228-2232 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. F.F. Kox ◽  
S. I. Kuijper ◽  
A. H.J. Kolk
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Tuberculous Meningitis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Development of a Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for Detection and Differentiation of Staphylococcus aureus in Dairy Products†

2001 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 664-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUDHIR TAMARAPU ◽  
JOHN L. McKILLIP ◽  
MARYANNE DRAKE
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Cheddar Cheese ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed for the detection and differentiation of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus in dairy products. A solvent extraction procedure was successfully modified for extraction of S. aureus DNA from 10 ml of artificially contaminated skim milk or 20 g cheddar cheese. Primers targeting the enterotoxin C gene (entC) and thermostable nuclease gene (nuc) were used in the multiplex PCR. PCR products were confirmed using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. DNA was consistently quantified and amplified by uniplex PCR from 10 CFU/ml of S. aureus in skim milk or 10 CFU/20 g cheddar cheese. The sensitivity of the multiplex PCR was 100 CFU/ml of skim milk or 100 CFU/20 g cheddar cheese. The developed methodology allows presumptive identification and differentiation of enterotoxigenic S. aureus in less than 6 h.

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