scholarly journals Transcriptome and metabolite analyses provide insights into zigzag-shaped stem formation in tea plants (Camellia sinensis)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongli Cao ◽  
Feiquan Wang ◽  
Hongzheng Lin ◽  
Yijun Ye ◽  
Yucheng Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Tea Plant ◽  
Vesicular Trafficking ◽  
Special Trait ◽  
Linoleic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Plant Pathogen Interaction ◽  
Tea Plants

Abstract Background: Shoot orientation is important for plant architecture formation, and zigzag-shaped shoots are a special trait found in many plants. Zigzag-shaped shoots have been selected and thoroughly studied in Arabidopsis; however, the regulatory mechanism underlying zigzag-shaped shoot development in other plants, especially woody plants, is largely unknown. Results: In this study, tea plants with zigzag-shaped shoots, namely, Qiqu (QQ) and Lianyuanqiqu (LYQQ), were investigated and compared with the erect-shoot tea plant Meizhan (MZ) in an attempt to reveal the regulation of zigzag-shaped shoot formation. Tissue section observation showed that the cell arrangement and shape of zigzag-shaped stems were aberrant compared with those of normal shoots. Moreover, a total of 2175 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from the zigzag-shaped shoots of the tea plants QQ and LYQQ compared to the shoots of MZ using transcriptome sequencing, and the DEGs involved in the “Plant-pathogen interaction”, “Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis”, “Flavonoid biosynthesis” and “Linoleic acid metabolism” pathways were significantly enriched. Additionally, the DEGs associated with cell expansion, vesicular trafficking, phytohormones, and transcription factors were identified and analysed. Metabolomic analysis showed that 13 metabolites overlapped and were significantly changed in the shoots of QQ and LYQQ compared to MZ. Conclusions: Our results suggest that zigzag-shaped shoot formation might be associated with the gravitropism response and polar auxin transport in tea plants. This study provides a valuable foundation for further understanding the regulation of plant architecture formation and for the cultivation and application of horticultural plants in the future.

scholarly journals Transcriptome and metabolite analyses provide insights into zigzag-stem formation in tea plants (Camellia sinensis)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongli Cao ◽  
Feiquan Wang ◽  
Hongzheng Lin ◽  
Yijun Ye ◽  
Yucheng Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Tea Plant ◽  
Vesicular Trafficking ◽  
Special Trait ◽  
Linoleic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Plant Pathogen Interaction ◽  
Tea Plants

Abstract BackgroundShoot orientation is important for plant architecture formation, and the zigzag shoot is a special trait of many plants. The zigzag-shaped shoot has been selected and well studied in Arabidopsis, however, the regulatory mechanism of zigzag-shaped shoot development in other plants especially woody plants is largely unknown.ResultsIn this study, tea plants with zigzag shoots, namely, Qiqu (QQ) and Lianyuanqiqu (LYQQ), were investigated and compared with the erect-shoot tea plant Meizhan (MZ) in an attempt to reveal the regulation of zigzag-shoot formation. Tissue section observation showed that the cell arrangement and shape of zigzag stems were aberrant compared with those of normal shoots. Moreover, a total of 2175 DEGs were identified from the zigzag shoots of the tea plants QQ and LYQQ compared to the shoots of MZ using transcriptome sequencing, and the DEGs involved in the “Plant-pathogen interaction”, “Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis”, “Flavonoid biosynthesis” and “Linoleic acid metabolism” pathways were significantly enriched. Additionally, the DEGs associated with cell expansion, vesicular trafficking, phytohormones, and transcription factors were identified and analysed. Metabolomic analysis showed that 13 metabolites overlapped and were significantly changed in the shoots of QQ and LYQQ compared to MZ.ConclusionsOur results suggest that zigzag-shaped shoot formation might be associated with the gravitropism response and polar auxin transport in tea plants and provides a valuable foundation for further understanding the regulation of plant architecture formation and for the cultivation and application of horticultural plants in the future.

scholarly journals Transcriptome and metabolite analyses provide insights into zigzag-shaped stem formation in tea plants (Camellia sinensis)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongli Cao ◽  
Feiquan Wang ◽  
Hongzheng Lin ◽  
Yijun Ye ◽  
Yucheng Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Tea Plant ◽  
Vesicular Trafficking ◽  
Special Trait ◽  
Linoleic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Plant Pathogen Interaction ◽  
Tea Plants

Abstract Background: Shoot orientation is important for plant architecture formation, and zigzag-shaped shoots are a special trait found in many plants. Zigzag-shaped shoots have been selected and thoroughly studied in Arabidopsis ; however, the regulatory mechanism underlying zigzag-shaped shoot development in other plants, especially woody plants, is largely unknown. Results: In this study, tea plants with zigzag-shaped shoots, namely, Qiqu (QQ) and Lianyuanqiqu (LYQQ), were investigated and compared with the erect-shoot tea plant Meizhan (MZ) in an attempt to reveal the regulation of zigzag-shaped shoot formation. Tissue section observation showed that the cell arrangement and shape of zigzag-shaped stems were aberrant compared with those of normal shoots. Moreover, a total of 2175 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from the zigzag-shaped shoots of the tea plants QQ and LYQQ compared to the shoots of MZ using transcriptome sequencing, and the DEGs involved in the “Plant-pathogen interaction”, “Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis”, “Flavonoid biosynthesis” and “Linoleic acid metabolism” pathways were significantly enriched. Additionally, the DEGs associated with cell expansion, vesicular trafficking, phytohormones, and transcription factors were identified and analysed. Metabolomic analysis showed that 13 metabolites overlapped and were significantly changed in the shoots of QQ and LYQQ compared to MZ. Conclusions: Our results suggest that zigzag-shaped shoot formation might be associated with the gravitropism response and polar auxin transport in tea plants. This study provides a valuable foundation for further understanding the regulation of plant architecture formation and for the cultivation and application of horticultural plants in the future.

scholarly journals Combined Metabolome and Transcriptome Analyses of Young, Mature, and Old Rhizome Tissues of Zingiber officinale Roscoe

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huanfang Liu ◽  
Honghua Yang ◽  
Tong Zhao ◽  
Canjia Lin ◽  
Yongqing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Sucrose Metabolism ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Zingiber Officinale Roscoe ◽  
Ginger Rhizome ◽  
Linoleic Acid Metabolism ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Metabolome Profiling

Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) is known for its unique pungent taste and useability in traditional Chinese medicine. The main compounds in ginger rhizome can be classified as gingerols, diarylheptanoids, and volatile oils. The composition and concentrations of the bioactive compounds in ginger rhizome might vary according to the age of the rhizome. In this regard, the knowledge on the transcriptomic signatures and accumulation of metabolites in young (Y), mature (M), and old (O) ginger rhizomes is scarce. This study used HiSeq Illumina Sequencing and UPLC-MS/MS analyses to delineate how the expression of key genes changes in Y, M, and O ginger rhizome tissues and how it affects the accumulation of metabolites in key pathways. The transcriptome sequencing identified 238,157 genes of which 13,976, 11,243, and 24,498 were differentially expressed (DEGs) in Y vs. M, M vs. O, and Y vs. O, respectively. These DEGs were significantly enriched in stilbenoid, diarylheptanoid, and gingerol biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, plant-hormone signal transduction, starch and sucrose metabolism, linoleic acid metabolism, and α-linoleic acid metabolism pathways. The metabolome profiling identified 661 metabolites of which 311, 386, and 296 metabolites were differentially accumulated in Y vs. M, Y vs. O, and M vs. O, respectively. These metabolites were also enriched in the pathways mentioned above. The DEGs and DAMs enrichment showed that the gingerol content is higher in Y rhizome, whereas the Y, M, and O tissues differ in linoleic and α-linoleic acid accumulation. Similarly, the starch and sucrose metabolism pathway is variably regulated in Y, M, and O rhizome tissues. Our results showed that ginger rhizome growth slows down (Y > M > O) probably due to changes in phytohormone signaling. Young ginger rhizome is the most transcriptionally and metabolically active tissue as compared to M and O. The transitioning from Y to M and O affects the gingerol, sugars, linoleic acid, and α-linoleic acid concentrations and related gene expressions.

scholarly journals CsLAZY1 mediates shoot gravitropism and branch angle in tea plants (Camellia sinensis)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobo Xia ◽  
Xiaozeng Mi ◽  
Ling Jin ◽  
Rui Guo ◽  
Junyan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Tea Plant ◽  
Plant Genome ◽  
Gravity Inversion ◽  
High Sequence Similarity ◽  
Branch Angle ◽  
Shoot Gravitropism ◽  
Tea Plants

Abstract Background Branch angle is a pivotal component of tea plant architecture. Tea plant architecture not only affects tea quality and yield but also influences the efficiency of automatic tea plant pruning. However, the molecular mechanism controlling the branch angle, which is an important aspect of plant architecture, is poorly understood in tea plants. Results In the present study, three CsLAZY genes were identified from tea plant genome data through sequence homology analysis. Phylogenetic tree displayed that the CsLAZY genes had high sequence similarity with LAZY genes from other plant species, especially those in woody plants. The expression patterns of the three CsLAZYs were surveyed in eight tissues. We further verified the expression levels of the key CsLAZY1 transcript in different tissues among eight tea cultivars and found that CsLAZY1 was highly expressed in stem. Subcellular localization analysis showed that the CsLAZY1 protein was localized in the plasma membrane. CsLAZY1 was transferred into Arabidopsis thaliana to investigate its potential role in regulating shoot development. Remarkably, the CsLAZY1 overexpressed plants responded more effectively than the wild-type plants to a gravity inversion treatment under light and dark conditions. The results indicate that CsLAZY1 plays an important role in regulating shoot gravitropism in tea plants. Conclusions The results provide important evidence for understanding the functions of CsLAZY1 in regulating shoot gravitropism and influencing the stem branch angle in tea plants. This report identifies CsLAZY1 as a promising gene resource for the improvement of tea plant architecture.

scholarly journals Extensive Metabolite Profiling in the Unexploited Organs of Black Tiger for Their Potential Valorization in the Pharmaceutical Industry

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 544
Author(s):  
Jianfei Gao ◽  
Kangning Xiong ◽  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Weijie Li
Keyword(s):  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Metabolite Profile ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Targeted Metabolomics ◽  
Arginine Biosynthesis ◽  
Nutritional Values ◽  
Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Tyrosine Metabolism ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Widely Targeted Metabolomics

Black tiger (Kadsura coccinea (Lem.)) has been reported to hold enormous pharmaceutical potential. The fruit and rhizome of black tiger are highly exploited in the pharmaceutical and other industries. However, the most important organs from the plant such as the leaf and stem are considered biowastes mainly because a comprehensive metabolite profile has not been reported in these organs. Knowledge of the metabolic landscape of the unexploited black tiger organs could help identify and isolate important compounds with pharmaceutical and nutritional values for a better valorization of the species. In this study, we used a widely targeted metabolomics approach to profile the metabolomes of the K. coccinea leaf (KL) and stem (KS) and compared them with the root (KR). We identified 642, 650 and 619 diverse metabolites in KL, KS and KR, respectively. A total of 555 metabolites were mutually detected among the three organs, indicating that the leaf and stem organs may also hold potential for medicinal, nutritional and industrial applications. Most of the differentially accumulated metabolites between organs were enriched in flavone and flavonol biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, arginine and proline metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, tyrosine metabolism and 2-oxocarboxylic acid metabolism pathways. In addition, several important organ-specific metabolites were detected in K. coccinea. In conclusion, we provide extensive metabolic information to stimulate black tiger leaf and stem valorization in human healthcare and food.

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