scholarly journals Associations among Cognitive Functions, Plasma DNA, and Diffusion tensor image along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) in Patients with Parkinson's Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsiu-Ling Chen ◽  
Pei-Chin Chen ◽  
Cheng-Hsien Lu ◽  
Nai-Wen Tsai ◽  
Chiun-Chieh Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Perivascular Space ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Image ◽  
Plasma Dna ◽  
Glymphatic System ◽  
Oxidative Stress Status ◽  
Normal Controls

Abstract Background Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease associated with accumulation of misfolding proteins and increased neuroinflammation. The purpose of this study was to utilize diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) to evaluate glymphatic system activity, and its relationship with systemic oxidative stress status in PD patients. Methods Magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological tests were conducted on 25 PD patients with normal cognition (PDN), 25 PD patients with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI), 38 PD patients with dementia (PDD), and 47 normal controls (NC). Oxidative stress status was assessed by plasma DNA level. Differences in ALPS-index among the subgroups were assessed and further correlated with cognitive functions and plasma DNA levels. Results The PD-MCI and PDD groups showed significantly lower ALPS-index compared to normal controls. The lower ALPS-index was correlated with higher plasma nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA levels, and lower cognitive scores. Conclusions Lower diffusivity along the perivascular space, represented by lower ALPS-index, indicates impairment of the glymphatic system in PD patients. The correlation between elevated plasma nuclear DNA levels and lower ALPS-index support the notion that PD patients may exhibit increased oxidative stress associated with glymphatic system microstructural alterations.

scholarly journals Associations among Cognitive Functions, Plasma DNA, and Diffusion Tensor Image along the Perivascular Space (DTI-ALPS) in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Hsiu-Ling Chen ◽  
Pei-Chin Chen ◽  
Cheng-Hsien Lu ◽  
Nai-Wen Tsai ◽  
Chiun-Chieh Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Perivascular Space ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Image ◽  
Plasma Dna ◽  
Glymphatic System ◽  
Oxidative Stress Status ◽  
Normal Controls

Background. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease associated with accumulation of misfolding proteins and increased neuroinflammation, which may further impair the glymphatic system. The purpose of this study was to utilize diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) to evaluate glymphatic system activity and its relationship with systemic oxidative stress status in PD patients. Methods. Magnetic resonance imaging and neuropsychological tests were conducted on 25 PD patients with normal cognition (PDN), 25 PD patients with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI), 38 PD patients with dementia (PDD), and 47 normal controls (NC). Oxidative stress status was assessed by plasma DNA level. Differences in ALPS-index among the subgroups were assessed and further correlated with cognitive functions and plasma DNA levels. Results. The PD-MCI and PDD groups showed significantly lower ALPS-index compared to normal controls. The ALPS-index was inversely correlated with plasma nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA levels, and cognitive scores. Conclusions. Lower diffusivity along the perivascular space, represented by lower ALPS-index, indicates impairment of the glymphatic system in PD patients. The correlation between elevated plasma nuclear DNA levels and lower ALPS-index supports the notion that PD patients may exhibit increased oxidative stress associated with glymphatic system microstructural alterations.

scholarly journals Associations Among Diffusion Tensor Image Along the Perivascular Space (DTI-ALPS), Enlarged Perivascular Space (ePVS), and Cognitive Functions in Asymptomatic Patients With Carotid Plaque

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Liu ◽  
Shuai Yang ◽  
Wei He ◽  
Xiaojuan Liu ◽  
Shanyi Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Carotid Plaque ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Perivascular Space ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Image ◽  
Perivascular Spaces ◽  
Glymphatic System ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Normal Controls

Background and Aim: Carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) is a common pathogenesis of cerebrovascular disease closely related to stroke and silent cerebrovascular disease (SCD), while the insufficient brain perfusion mechanism cannot quite explain the mechanism. The purpose of this study was to utilize diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) to evaluate the glymphatic system activity and correlated DTI-ALPS with enlarged perivascular spaces (ePVS), carotid intima-media thickening (CIMT), mini-mental state examination (MMSE), and serological indicator in individuals with carotid plaque.Methods: Routine MRI and diffusion tensor images scan of the brain, carotid ultrasound, and blood examination were conducted on 74 individuals (52 carotid plaque subjects, 22 non-carotid plaque subjects), whose demographic and clinical characteristics were also recorded. DTI-ALPS index between patients with carotid plaque and normal controls were acquired and the correlations with other variables were analyzed.Results: The values of ALPS-index in the carotid plaque group was significantly lower compared to normal controls (2.12 ± 0.39, 1.95 ± 0.28, respectively, p = 0.034). The ALPS-index was negatively correlated with the basal ganglia (BG)-ePVS score (r = −0.242, p = 0.038) while there was no significant difference in the centrum semiovale (CSO)-ePVS score. Further analysis showed that there are more high-grade ePVS in the BG compared to the carotid plaque group than in the non-carotid plaque group (84.6% vs. 40.9%, p = 0.001).Conclusions: ALPS-index reflects the glymphatic system of the brain, which is associated with early high-risk cerebrovascular diseases. There may be damage in the function of the glymphatic system which induces the expansion of the perivascular space (PVS) in the BG in individuals with carotid plaque.

scholarly journals Diffusion Tensor Imaging Along the Perivascular Space Index in Different Stages of Parkinson’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinxin Ma ◽  
Shuhua Li ◽  
Chunmei Li ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Perivascular Space ◽  
Periventricular White Matter ◽  
Perivascular Spaces ◽  
Glymphatic System ◽  
Multiple Variables ◽  
Association Fibers

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the glymphatic system activity in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) using the diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) methods.Methods: In total, 71 patients with idiopathic PD and 36 age- and sex-matched normal controls (NCs) were involved. Patients with PD were divided into early (n = 35) and late (n = 36) subgroups, based on Hoehn and Yahr (HY) stages. We calculated the diffusivity along the perivascular spaces (ALPS), as well as projection fibers and association fibers separately, to acquire the ALPS index. Enlarged perivascular spaces (EPVS) and periventricular white matter hyperintensities were also rated. Differences in ALPS index between the PD group and NCs and between two PD subgroups and NCs were compared. In addition, a multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the association between ALPS index and clinical variables.Results: Patients with PD revealed lower ALPS index than NCs (p = 0.010). The late PD group exhibited significantly lower ALPS index than NCs (p = 0.006). However, there were no marked differences noticed in ALPS index between NCs and early PD group and between the two PD subgroups. In the early PD group, there was a significantly positive correlation between ALPS index and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score (β = 0.021, p = 0.029) and a negative correlation between ALPS index and EPVS score (β = −0.050, p = 0.034), after controlling for multiple variables. In the late PD group, ALPS index was inversely associated with age (β = −0.012, p = 0.004).Conclusion: Impairment of the glymphatic system is involved in PD. DTI-ALPS index could be a promising biomarker of glymphatic system in PD.

scholarly journals Plasma DNA Mediate Autonomic Dysfunctions and White Matter Injuries in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng-Hsiang Chen ◽  
Pei-Chin Chen ◽  
Cheng-Hsien Lu ◽  
Hsiu-Ling Chen ◽  
Yi-Ping Chao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Autonomic Dysfunction ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Plasma Dna ◽  
Cardiovascular Autonomic Dysfunction

Background. Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction is well known in Parkinson’s disease (PD) presentation and it produces hypoperfusion of vital organs. The association between cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction and oxidative stress was examined in previous animal models. Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation were thought to have roles in PD pathogenesis. Owing to the relative low intrinsic antioxidative properties, brain white matter (WM) is vulnerable to the oxidative stress. This study is conducted to examine possible relationships by using a hypothesis-driven mediation model. Methods. Twenty-nine patients with PD and 26 healthy controls participated in this study, with complete examinations of cardiac autonomic parameters, plasma DNA level, and WM integrity. A single-level three-variable mediation model was used to investigate the possible relationships. Results. The elevated serum oxidative stress biomarkers include plasma nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA, and poorer cardiac autonomic parameters and multiple regional microstructural WM changes are demonstrated. Further mediation analysis shows that plasma nuclear DNA served as the mediators between poorer baroreflex sensitivity and mean diffusivity changes in cingulum. Conclusions. These results provide a possible pathophysiology for how the poor baroreflex sensitivity and higher oxidative stress adversely impacted the WM integrity. This model could provide us with a piece of the puzzle of the entire PD pathogenesis.

Oxidative Stress Status in Patients with Choledocholithiasis: Before and After Endoscopic Sphincterotomy and Biliary Clearance

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2172-2176
Author(s):  
Catalin Victor Sfarti ◽  
Alin Ciobica ◽  
Carol Stanciu ◽  
Gheorghe G. Balan ◽  
Irina Garleanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Endoscopic Sphincterotomy ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameter ◽  
Extrahepatic Cholestasis ◽  
Biliary Clearance ◽  
Oxidative Stress Status ◽  
Before And After

Choledocholithiasis may cause biliary obstruction which leads to hepatocellular injury. Oxidative stress has been proposed as a possible mechanism involved in this disorder. This study evaluates the oxidative stress burden in patients with choledocholithiasis and secondary cholestasis, before and after endoscopic sphincterotomy. Experimental part: Patients diagnosed with choledocholithiasis and secondary extrahepatic cholestasis were included in the study between January 1st 2016 and October 31st 2016. In all patients oxidative stress markers were collected within 2 hours before and 48 hours after therapeutic ERCP. Selected markers were superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and malondialdehyde (MDA). The results were compared to those from a group of 40 healthy subjects. Significantly lower concentrations of SOD (p = 0.03) and GPX (p [ 0.0001) activities, associated with an increased level of MDA level (p [ 0.0001) were shown in patients before biliary clearance compared with the healthy control group. After ERCP the only oxidative stress parameter which showed improvement was the SOD specific activity (p = 0.037). This study shows that extrahepatic cholestasis secondary to choledocholithiasis is associated with increased oxidative stress status. After biliary clearance one oxidative stress marker was significantly improved (SOD), suggesting a possible antioxidant effect of such procedure.

Oxidative stress status: An introduction

1991 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Pryor ◽  
Susan Shipley Godber
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oxidative Stress Status

scholarly journals Curcumin Potentiates α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors and Alleviates Autistic-Like Social Deficits and Brain Oxidative Stress Status in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7251
Author(s):  
Petrilla Jayaprakash ◽  
Dmytro Isaev ◽  
Waheed Shabbir ◽  
Dietrich E. Lorke ◽  
Bassem Sadek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Acetylcholine Receptors ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Social Deficits ◽  
Nicotinic Acetylcholine ◽  
Oxidative Stress Status ◽  
Inward Currents ◽  
Α7 Nachrs

Autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) refers to a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by impaired social interaction and cognitive deficit, restricted repetitive behaviors, altered immune responses, and imbalanced oxidative stress status. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in studying the role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), specifically α7-nAChRs, in the CNS. Influence of agonists for α7-nAChRs on the cognitive behavior, learning, and memory formation has been demonstrated in neuro-pathological condition such as ASD and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Curcumin (CUR), the active compound of the spice turmeric, has been shown to act as a positive allosteric modulator of α7-nAChRs. Here we hypothesize that CUR, acting through α7-nAChRs, influences the neuropathology of ASD. In patch clamp studies, fast inward currents activated by choline, a selective agonist of α7-nAChRs, were significantly potentiated by CUR. Moreover, choline induced enhancement of spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents was markedly increased in the presence of CUR. Furthermore, CUR (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) ameliorated dose-dependent social deficits without affecting locomotor activity or anxiety-like behaviors of tested male Black and Tan BRachyury (BTBR) mice. In addition, CUR (50 and 100 mg/kg, i.p.) mitigated oxidative stress status by restoring the decreased levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the hippocampus and the cerebellum of treated mice. Collectively, the observed results indicate that CUR potentiates α7-nAChRs in native central nervous system neurons, mitigates disturbed oxidative stress, and alleviates ASD-like features in BTBR mice used as an idiopathic rodent model of ASD, and may represent a promising novel pharmacological strategy for ASD treatment.

scholarly journals Positive Modulation of PinkNelumbo nuciferaFlowers on Memory Impairment, Brain Damage, and Biochemical Profiles in Restraint Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thawatchai Prabsattroo ◽  
Jintanaporn Wattanathorn ◽  
Pichet Somsapt ◽  
Opass Sritragool
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Spatial Memory ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Memory Deficit ◽  
Ki67 Expression ◽  
Mao B ◽  
Serum Corticosterone ◽  
Neuron Density ◽  
Oxidative Stress Status

Due to the crucial role of oxidative stress in the stress-induced memory deficit, the benefit of substance possessing antioxidant effect is focused. Since no data are available, we aimed to determine the effect ofNelumbo nuciferaflowers extract on spatial memory and hippocampal damage in stressed rats. Male Wistar rats, weighing 250–350 g, were orally givenN. nuciferaextract at doses of 10, 10, and 200 mg·kg−145 minutes before the exposure to 12-hour restraint stress. The spatial memory and serum corticosterone were assessed at 7 and 14 days of study period. At the end of study, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), monoamine oxidase type A and monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-A and MAO-B), oxidative stress status, neuron density, and Ki67 expression in hippocampus were also assessed. The results showed thatN. nuciferaextract decreased memory deficit and brain damage, serum corticosterone, oxidative stress status, AChE, and MAO-A and MAO-B activities but increased neuron density and Ki67 expression in hippocampus. These suggested that the improved oxidative stress status, adult neurogenesis, and cholinergic and monoaminergic functions might be responsible for the protective effect against stress-related brain damage and dysfunction of the extract. Therefore,N. nuciferaextract is the potential neuroprotective and memory enhancing agent. However, further researches are still required.

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