Pathogenic features of urinary Escherichia coli strains causing Asymptomatic Bacteriuria during Pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samane Mohebi ◽  
zahra Hashemizade ◽  
Mahtab Hadadi ◽  
Soudeh Kholdi ◽  
Kasra Javadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli

Abstract Background Asymptomatic bacteriuria is one of the common problems in pregnancy. Pyelonephritis, preterm labor and low birth weight infants have been associated with bacterial infection. Urinary tract infection (UTI) during pregnancy is frequently associated with complications. An observational cross-sectional study including investigated the prevalence of virulence genes, antimicrobial resistance, and its relationship with phylogenetic groups among E. coli strains isolated from pregnant women with asymptomatic bacteriuria who referred to Hafez hospital, Shiraz, Iran.Material and Methods A total of 300 urine samples were screened for Escherichia coli strains. Susceptibility testing was determined by the disk-diffusion method. The phylogenetic groups and 13 virulence genes were identified by PCR. ESBL and AmpC producing isolates were detected using phenotypic methods. PCR was used to identify the bla TEM , bla SHV and bla CTXM genes in ESBL and AmpC-positive isolates.Results Our results revealed that among 300 urine samples, 105 (35%) were positive for E. coli . The data showed that the highest and the lowest resistance rates were observed against nalidixic acid (82.1%), and imipenem (2.8%), respectively. The prevalence of ESBLs and AmpC-β-lactamase, in the E. coli isolates was 41% and 9.5% respectively. bla CTXM was the commonest genotype (93%). Phylogenetic group distribution was as follow: B1 2.8%, A 14.2%, B2 61.9%, and D 4.6%. Our result showed that most of the virulence genes belonged to group B2 and also several virulence genes such as hlyA , cnf-1 , and papGII genes were positively associated with group B2. Conclusion Among E. coli strains isolated from patients with UTIs, different features phylogroups, with special virulence factors, could cause severe infection. Awareness about the Virulence patterns distribution among Phylogenetic groups of UPEC could greatly aid in confine and prevent the development of lethal infection caused by these strains.

Pathogenic features of urinary Escherichia coli strains causing Asymptomatic Bacteriuria during Pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samane Mohebi ◽  
zahra Hashemizade ◽  
Mahtab Hadadi ◽  
Soudeh Kholdi ◽  
Kasra Javadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli

Abstract Background Asymptomatic bacteriuria is one of the common problems in pregnancy. Pyelonephritis, preterm labor and low birth weight infants have been associated with bacterial infection. Urinary tract infection (UTI) during pregnancy is frequently associated with complications. An observational cross-sectional study including investigated the prevalence of virulence genes, antimicrobial resistance, and its relationship with phylogenetic groups among E. coli strains isolated from pregnant women with asymptomatic bacteriuria who referred to Hafez hospital, Shiraz, Iran. Material and Methods A total of 300 urine samples were screened for Escherichia coli strains. Susceptibility testing was determined by the disk-diffusion method. The phylogenetic groups and 13 virulence genes were identified by PCR. ESBL and AmpC producing isolates were detected using phenotypic methods. PCR was used to identify the bla TEM , bla SHV and bla CTXM genes in ESBL and AmpC-positive isolates. Results Our results revealed that among 300 urine samples, 105 (35%) were positive for E. coli . The data showed that the highest and the lowest resistance rates were observed against nalidixic acid (82.1%), and imipenem (2.8%), respectively. The prevalence of ESBLs and AmpC-β-lactamase, in the E. coli isolates was 41% and 9.5% respectively. bla CTXM was the commonest genotype (93%). Phylogenetic group distribution was as follow: B1 2.8%, A 14.2%, B2 61.9%, and D 4.6%. Our result showed that most of the virulence genes belonged to group B2 and also several virulence genes such as hlyA , cnf-1 , and papGII genes were positively associated with group B2. Conclusion Among E. coli strains isolated from patients with UTIs, different features phylogroups, with special virulence factors, could cause severe infection. Awareness about the Virulence patterns distribution among Phylogenetic groups of UPEC could greatly aid in confine and prevent the development of lethal infection caused by these strains.

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance and virulence genes of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli from tropical estuary, south India

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (05) ◽  
pp. 496-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divya Sukumaran ◽  
Abdulla A Mohamed Hatha
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Virulence Factor ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Virulence Factor Genes

Introduction: Escherichia coli strains can cause a variety of intestinal and extraintestinal diseases. Extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) strains have the ability to cause severe extraintestinal infections. Multidrug resistance among ExPEC could complicate human infections. Methodology: Escherichia coli strains were isolated during the period of January 2010 to December 2012 from five different stations set at Cochin estuary. Susceptibility testing was determined by the disk-diffusion method using nine different antimicrobial agents. A total of 155 strains of Escherichia coli were screened for the presence of virulence factor genes including papAH, papC, sfa/focDE, iutA,and kpsMT II associated with ExPEC. Results: Among the 155 E. coli isolates, 26 (16.77%), carried two or more virulence genes typical of ExPEC. Furthermore, 19.23% of the ExPEC isolates with multidrug resistance were identified to belong to phylogenetic groups B2 and D. Statistically significant association of iutA gene in ExPEC was found with papC (p < 0.001) and kpsMT II (p < 0.001) genes. ExPEC isolates were mainly resistant to ampicillin (23.07%), tetracycline (19.23%), co-trimoxazole (15.38%), and cefotaxime (15.38%). The adhesion genes papAH and sfa/focDE were positively associated with resistance to gentamicin, chloramphenicol, and cefotaxime (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Co-occurrence of virulence factor genes with antibiotic resistance among ExPEC poses considerable threat to those who use this aquatic system for a living and for recreation.

scholarly journals Detection of virulence genes, phylogenetic group and antibiotic resistance of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in Mongolia

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yandag Munkhdelger ◽  
Nyamaa Gunregjav ◽  
Altantsetseg Dorjpurev ◽  
Nishi Juniichiro ◽  
Jav Sarantuya
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Iron Acquisition ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Phylogenetic Group ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
E Coli

Introduction: The severity of urinary tract infection (UTI) produced by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) is due to the expression of a wide spectrum of virulence genes. E. coli strains were divided into four phylogenetic groups (A, B1, B2 and D) based on their virulence genes. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between virulence genes, phylogenetic groups, and antibiotic resistance of UPEC. Methodology: A total of 148 E. coli were tested for antimicrobial resistance against 10 drugs using the disk diffusion method. The isolates were screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of virulence genes and categorized into the four major phylogenetic groups. Results: Phylogenetic group B2 was predominant (33.8%), followed by D (28.4%), A (19.6), and B1 (18.2%). A higher prevalence of fimH (89.9%), fyuA (70.3%), traT (66.2%), iutA (62.2%), kpsMTII (58.8%), and aer (56.1%) genes were found in UPEC, indicating a putative role of adhesins, iron acquisition systems, and protectins that are main cause of UTIs. The most common antibiotic resistance was to cephalotin (85.1%), ampicillin (78.4%) and the least to nitrofurantoin (5.4%) and imipenem (2%). In total, 93.9% of isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR). Conclusions: This study showed that group B2 and D were the predominant phylogenetic groups and virulence-associated genes were mostly distributed in these groups. The virulence genes encoding components of adhesins, iron acquisition systems, and protectins were highly prevalent among antibiotic-resistant UPEC. Although the majority of strains are MDR, nitrofurantoin is the drug of choice for treatment of UTI patients in Ulaanbaatar.

scholarly journals Drug resistance, serotypes, and phylogenetic groups among uropathogenic Escherichia coli including O25-ST131 in Mexico City

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 840-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Molina-López ◽  
Gerardo Aparicio-Ozores ◽  
Rosa María Ribas-Aparicio ◽  
Sandra Gavilanes-Parra ◽  
María Elena Chávez-Berrocal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Mexico City ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pcr Multiplex ◽  
Tract Infections

Introduction: The increasing prevalence of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains resistant to multiple antibiotics complicates the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs). This study aimed to analyze the antimicrobial resistance, serotypes, and phylogenetic groups among strains of E. coli isolated from outpatients with UTIs in Mexico City. Methodology: A total of 119 E. coli isolates were recovered from urine samples from outpatients with clinical diagnosis of uncomplicated UTIs from 2004 to 2007. The serotype was assessed by agglutination in microtiter plates; susceptibility to antimicrobials was determined by the disk diffusion method. Clone O25-ST131 and phylogenetic groups of E. coli strains were tested by methods based on PCR multiplex. Results: The predominant serotype was O25:H4 (21.2%). Resistance to antibiotics was ampicillin (83.7%); piperacillin (53.8%); the fluoroquinolone group (55.5-60.6%), and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) (56.4%). Additionally, 36 (30.2%) isolates were multidrug-resistant and 13 of these 36 strains were identified as E. coli O25-ST131 clone by an allele-specific PCR-based assay. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 15 of 17 isolates with serotype O25:H4 belonged to group B2. Conclusions: This is the first report that establishes the presence in Mexico of the O25-ST131 clonal group of E. coli, which has been associated with multidrug-resistance and with high virulence potential. The spread of this clone in Mexico should be monitored closely. We found a correlation between serotype O25:H4 and multidrug resistance in UPEC strains. Our results indicate that the use of ampicillin, fluoroquinolones, and TMP/SMX should be reviewed when selecting empirical therapy for UTIs.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic Groups ofEscherichia coliStrains from Patients with Urinary Tract Infection in Iran Based on the New Clermont Phylotyping Method

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darioush Iranpour ◽  
Mojtaba Hassanpour ◽  
Hossein Ansari ◽  
Saeed Tajbakhsh ◽  
Gholamreza Khamisipour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Multiple Drug ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pcr Method

Objectives.In 2013, Clermont classifiedE. colistrains into eight phylogenetic groups using a new quadruplex PCR method. The aims of this study were to identify the phylogenetic groups ofE. colibased on this method and to assess their antibiotic resistance patterns in Bushehr, Iran.Methods. In this cross-sectional study, 140E. coliisolates were subjected to phylogenetic typing by a quadruplex PCR method. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion method.Results. Phylogenetic group B2 was most predominant (39.3%), followed by unknown (27.1%), E (9.3%), C and clade I (each 6.4%), B1 (5%), F and D (each 2.9%), and A (0.7%). The most common antibiotic resistance was related to amoxicillin (82.1%) and the least to meropenem (0.7%). 82.14% of isolates were multiple drug resistant (MDR). Antibiotic resistance was mainly detected in group B2 (50%).Conclusions.Our findings showed the high prevalence of MDRE. coliisolates with dominance of group B2. About 25% ofE. coliisolates belong to the newly described phylogroups C, E, F, and clade I. Such studies need to be done also in other regions to provide greater understanding of the antibiotic resistance pattern and the prevalences of different phylogenetic groups.

scholarly journals Prevalence and antibiotic resistance profile of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli isolated from diarrheal samples

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farzad Esavand Heydari ◽  
Mojtaba Bonyadian ◽  
Hamdallah Moshtaghi ◽  
Masoud Sami
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile

Background and Objectives: Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) causes bloody and non-bloody diarrhea, intestinal infection and extraintestinal complications in humans. This study aimed to isolate and evaluate the prevalence of E. coli O157: H7 and other Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) and identify the virulence genes (stx1, stx2, hly and eaeA) from patients with diarrhea. Also, the antibiotic resistance profile of the isolated strains was evaluated. Materials and Methods: A total of 100 stool samples were collected from patients with acute diarrhea referring to the hospital and clinics in Isfahan County, Iran. Phenotypic tests and PCR assay were used for detection of E. coli O157: H7 and other Shiga toxin-producing E. coli. The presence of virulence genes (stx1, stx2, hly and eaeA) were identified by PCR. The antibiotic resistance profile of the isolates was determined using the agar disk diffusion method. The results were analyzed descriptively by Sigma stat version 4 software. Results: Seventy - eight out of 100 samples (78%) were contaminated with E. coli. E. coli O157 was isolated from five samples (6.4%), of which only two strains (2.56%) were identified as E. coli O157: H7. According to the results, out of two E. coli O157: H7 isolates, one (50%) isolate contained eaeA and two isolates (100%) contained Stx1, Stx2, hlyA genes. Out of three (3.84%) E. coli O157: HN, one of the isolate (33.3%) contained stx1 and, two isolates (66.7%) were positive for hlyA genes. Also, the results revealed that six strains (7.69%) were non-O157: H7 STEC, of which two isolates (33.3%) contained stx1 and four isolates (66.7%) were positive for stx2 and hlyA genes. The results of antibiogram tests revealed that all of the STEC isolates (100%) were sensitive to imipenem followed by kanamycin, gentamicin and nitrofurantoin (91%). High resistance (54.5%) to ampicillin and ciprofloxacin was observed among the STEC isolates. Conclusion: The results of the current study showed that although the prevalence of E. coli O157: H7 was low among patients with diarrhea, the other STEC strains with relative resistance to antibiotics are more prevalent.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for faecal carriage of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli among slaughterhouse workers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mabel Kamweli Aworh ◽  
Damilola Abiodun-Adwusi ◽  
Nwando Mba ◽  
Birgitte Helwigh ◽  
Rene S. Hendriksen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Faecal Carriage

Abstract The increasing occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in human and animal population has become a global public health problem that requires immediate intervention. We aimed to investigate prevalence and risk factors for faecal carriage of drug-resistant E. coli among slaughterhouse workers. We conducted this cross-sectional study among 118 apparently healthy workers in the largest slaughterhouses in Abuja and Lagos from July to December 2020. E. coli was isolated from stool samples of slaughterhouse workers and antimicrobial susceptibility testing performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) was defined as resistance to three or more classes of antibiotics. Majority were males: 88.1% (n = 104), aged > 41years: 28.8% (n = 34), married: 70.3% (n = 83), and were butchers: 53.4% (n = 63). Prevalence of MDR E. coli was 50% (n = 59), highest among butchers compared to Slaughterhouse cleaners. Of 75 E. coli isolates identified, 25.3% (n = 19) were ESBL producers; 78.7% (n = 59) were MDR. Keeping animals (p = 0.01); eating at the Slaughterhouse (p = 0.03) and collecting waste (p = 0.02) remained independent risk factors for acquiring MDR E. coli. Prevalence of resistant E. coli was highest among butchers and associated with keeping animals at home, eating at work, and waste-collection. Hand-hygiene and responsible use of antibiotics among slaughterhouse workers should be encouraged.

scholarly journals Antibiogram of Escherichia coli Isolated from Avian Colibacillosis in Chitwan District of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.B. Thapa ◽  
A. Chapagain
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mar Index ◽  
Avian Disease

A cross-sectional study was conducted at National Avian Disease Investigation Laboratory, Chitwan to determine antibiogram of Escherichia coli isolated from avian colibacillosis cases of broilers and layers in Chitwan. One hundred and sixty (95 from broilers and 65 from layers) liver samples were collected aseptically during postmortem. Samples were taken purposively from dead birds showing lesions perihepatitis, pericarditis, air-saculitis, omphalitis and egg peritonitis. Isolation and identification were made by examination of cultural characteristics of E. coli in MacConkey’s agar, Eosin methylene blue (EMB) agar, Gram’s staining and biochemical tests. Antibiogram of identified E. coli isolate was evaluated against six antibiotics of six different groups by disk diffusion method following CLSI guidelines. One hundred and three E. coliisolates (73 from broilers and 30 from layers) were isolated from one hundred and sixty samples. Highest resistance was observed against Ampicillin (100%) followed by Co-trimoxazole (86.40%), Doxycycline (46.60%), Levofloxacin (45.63%), Nitrofurantoin (26.21%) and Amikacin (10.68%). Nearly about all (96.12%) isolates from 103 isolated E. coli isolates showed multidrugs resistance to two or more than two antimicrobials. All multidrug resistance isolates showed 16 different patterns with each isolate being resistance to at least two drugs. The multiple antibiotic resistance indexing ranged from 0.2 to 0.8 and proportion of isolates with MAR index greater than 0.2 was 96.12%. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(1): 52-60    

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors for faecal carriage of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli among slaughterhouse workers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mabel Kamweli Aworh ◽  
Oluwadamilola Abiodun-Adewusi ◽  
Nwando Mba ◽  
Birgitte Helwigh ◽  
Rene S. Hendriksen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Multi Drug Resistance ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Faecal Carriage

AbstractThe increasing occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli in human and animal population has become a global public health problem that requires immediate intervention. We aimed to investigate prevalence and risk factors for faecal carriage of drug-resistant E. coli among slaughterhouse workers. We conducted this cross-sectional study among 118 apparently healthy workers in the largest slaughterhouses in Abuja and Lagos from July to December 2020. E. coli was isolated from stool samples of slaughterhouse workers and antimicrobial susceptibility testing performed using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) was defined as resistance to three or more classes of antibiotics. Majority were males: 88.1% (n = 104), aged > 41 years: 28.8% (n = 34), married: 70.3% (n = 83), and were butchers: 53.4% (n = 63). Prevalence of MDR E. coli was 50% (n = 59), highest among butchers compared to slaughterhouse cleaners. Of 75 E. coli isolates identified, 25.3% (n = 19) were ESBL producers; 78.7% (n = 59) were MDR. Keeping animals (p = 0.01); eating at the slaughterhouse (p = 0.03) and collecting waste (p = 0.02) remained independent risk factors for acquiring MDR E. coli. Prevalence of resistant E. coli was highest among butchers and associated with keeping animals at home, eating at work, and waste-collection. Hand-hygiene and responsible use of antibiotics among slaughterhouse workers should be encouraged.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Resistance to Quinolone and Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics and Screening of qnr Genes Among Escherichia coli Isolates From Urinary Tract Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 100-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohadese Amiri ◽  
Maziar Jajarmi ◽  
Reza Ghanbarpour
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Phylogenetic Groups ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Antibiotics ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Antibiotic resistance (AR) is an important challenge in prevention, treatment and control of infectious diseases and is a public health threat for human. Escherichia coli strains are the major causes of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Objective: This research aimed to determine prevalence of resistance to quinolone and fluoroquinolone antibiotics and screen qnr genes among E. coli isolates from UTIs. Materials and Methods: A total of 105 E. coli isolates were obtained from UTI cases in Bojnord city (northeast of Iran) and confirmed by biochemical tests. All strains were studied to determine their resistance to 3 antibiotics including ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and levofloxacin via disk diffusion method. Moreover, the frequency of qnrA, qnrB and qnrS genes and phylogroups was studied by conventional Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: In this study, prevalence of phenotypic AR to ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid and levofloxacin was 47.6%, 44.8% and 38.1%, respectively. Three isolates were positive for qnrS and 1 isolate was positive for qnrA. Seven phylogenetic groups were also identified as follows: 18% A0, 6.7% A1, 7.6% B1, 1.9% B22, 23.8% B23, 15.3% D1 and 26.7% D2. Conclusion: Prevalence of qnr genes was very low; thus, other types of qnr and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes were probably responsible for the resistance. Phenotypic AR to the 3 antibiotics was found in approximately half of E. coli strains. It is strongly recommended that antibiogram tests should be done before prescribing the ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid and levofloxacin for UTIs.

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