scholarly journals Investigating The Environmental Kuznets Curve (Ekc) Hypothesis For India: Does India Have Enough Capital To Supplement Renewable Energy Usage In The Correction of Carbon Emissions?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumen Rej ◽  
Barnali Nag
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Ekc Hypothesis ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Interaction Term ◽  
Reduce Emissions

Abstract India’s sustainable development goals consist of higher economic growth through strengthening of the manufacturing sector on the one hand and ambitious carbon emission reduction plans through increased renewables on the other. This paper studies the dynamic association between CO2 emissions, economic growth, renewable energy (RE) consumption and gross capital formation and tests for the existence of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis for India over the time period 1970-2018. It also tries to see if there is any possible conflict between the economic and energy goals using an interaction term between RE consumption and gross capital formation. The empirical results not only confirm long run relationship among the underlying variables but also indicate an ‘N’ shaped EKC in the long run for India indicating a departure from the traditional inverted U-shaped EKC hypothesis. RE consumption is found to reduce emissions, whereas gross capital formation and the interaction term between RE consumption and gross capital formation are found to raise emissions in the long run. The study concludes that India needs to align its economic policy of ‘Make in India’ with its energy policy so that investments under the former facilitate extensive penetration, adaptation and usage of renewable energy. A policy dichotomy between the two goals may defeat India’s INDC objective of drastic reduction in CO2 emissions through increased renewables by 2030.

scholarly journals Revisiting the Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis: A Case of Central Europe

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3415
Author(s):  
Bartosz Jóźwik ◽  
Antonina-Victoria Gavryshkiv ◽  
Phouphet Kyophilavong ◽  
Lech Euzebiusz Gruszecki
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Ekc Hypothesis ◽  
Central European ◽  
Long Run

The rapid economic growth observed in Central European countries in the last thirty years has been the result of profound political changes and economic liberalization. This growth is partly connected with reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. However, the problem of CO2 emissions seems to remain unresolved. The aim of this paper is to test whether the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis holds true for Central European countries in an annual sample data that covers 1995–2016 in most countries. We examine cointegration by applying the Autoregressive Distributed Lag bound testing. This is the first study examining the relationship between CO2 emissions and economic growth in individual Central European countries from a long-run perspective, which allows the results to be compared. We confirmed the cointegration, but our estimates confirmed the EKC hypothesis only in Poland. It should also be noted that in all nine countries, energy consumption leads to increased CO2 emissions. The long-run elasticity ranges between 1.5 in Bulgaria and 2.0 in Croatia. We observed exceptionally low long-run elasticity in Estonia (0.49). Our findings suggest that to solve the environmental degradation problem in Central Europe, it is necessary to individualize the policies implemented in the European Union.

Investigating the Presence of Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis in India and China: An Autoregressive Distributive Lag Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-210
Author(s):  
Ritu Rani ◽  
Naresh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Annual Growth Rate ◽  
Ekc Hypothesis ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
India And China

The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis advocates a reversed U-shaped association between different pollutants and per capita income. EKC postulates that speedy growth certainly results in environmental degradation due to glut use of natural resources and emission of pollutants. The study used carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, economic growth, energy consumption, and the annual growth rate of population to investigate the EKC hypothesis in India and China for the period of 1971–2013. Furthermore, to explore the long-run and short-run relationship among competing variables, the autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) is used. Granger causality test is used to investigate the long-run and short-run causality between variables under study. The results support the EKC hypothesis in India and China, in both long-run and short-run, and inverse U-shaped association is found between CO2 emission and economic growth. Unidirectional causality seen in both countries in terms of economic growth and CO2 emissions. In addition, the coefficient of economic growth in a short-run model provides the evidence that there has been a gradual decline in environmental degradation (downward sloping of EKC) and the quality of the environment is gradually improving in China. Based on the findings, the study suggests that environmental policymakers, especially in India, should seriously address the issue of CO2 emissions as it has a tendency to move faster in the coming years.

scholarly journals Do Carbon Emissions and Economic Growth Decouple in China? An Empirical Analysis Based on Provincial Panel Data

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Hao ◽  
Zirui Huang ◽  
Haitao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Ekc Hypothesis ◽  
Capita Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Level Of Economic Development ◽  
The Relationship

Global warming has emerged as a serious threat to humans and sustainable development. China is under increasing pressure to curb its carbon emissions as the world’s largest emitter of carbon dioxide. By combining the Tapio decoupling model and the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) framework, this paper explores the relationship between China’s carbon emissions and economic growth. Based on panel data of 29 provinces from 2007 to 2016, this paper quantitatively estimates the nexus of carbon emissions and economic development for the whole nation and the decoupling status of individual provinces. There is empirical evidence for the conventional EKC hypothesis, showing that the relationship between carbon emissions and per capita gross domestic product (GDP) is an inverted U shape and that the inflection point will not be attained soon. Moreover, following the estimation results of the Tapio decoupling model, there were significant differences between individual provinces in decoupling status. As a result, differentiated and targeted environmental regulations and policies regarding energy consumption and carbon emissions should be reasonably formulated for different provinces and regions based on the corresponding level of economic development and decoupling status.

Theory of Environmental Kuznets Curve

2011 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 1697-1702
Author(s):  
Lan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Ekc Hypothesis ◽  
Growth Path ◽  
State Variable ◽  
Pollution Emission ◽  
Optimal Growth Path ◽  
The Relationship

The paper develops a two-state-variable environmental growth model to derive the optimal growth path for the relationship between pollution and economic growth, which is used to verify the existence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. It is found that the theoretical outcomes imply the existence of the EKC relationship between environmental degradation and economic growth, which is dependent on the combining effects of the pollution intensity, abatement technology of pollution emission, production technology, and the return rate of capital stock.

scholarly journals The Trade-Off Between Tourism and Pollution for Japanese Economic Growth

Tourism ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-394
Author(s):  
Giovanni Bella ◽  
Carla Massidda
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Correction Model ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Vector Error Correction ◽  
Vector Error ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Polluting Emissions ◽  
The Relationship

This paper proposes a vector error correction model to investigate the relationship between polluting emissions and GDP levels in Japan, in the period 1970-2014, and tests the validity of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis driven by tourist arrivals. Our results validate the existence of two different causality channels among the selected variables. In particular, we find that a trade-off might exist between increasing the number of tourists, which drives economic growth, and the pattern of a sustainable development, due to the increase of polluting emissions. The analysis allows us to propose appropriate policy strategies to promote a robust and sustainable long run economic growth.

scholarly journals Primal-Dual Approach to Environmental Kuznets Curve Hypothesis: A Demand and Supply Side Analyses of Environmental Degradation.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
gildas dohba dinga ◽  
DOBDINGA CLETUS FONCHAMNYO ◽  
ELVIS DZE ACHUO
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Correlation Effect ◽  
High Income ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Ekc Hypothesis ◽  
Primal Dual ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth

Abstract Global warming and its unavoidable negatives effects on man and the environment have been a key if not the most important issue occupying policy makers in the world at large today. The much talked about green economy nowadays seeks to achieve sustainable economic growth and development without compromising environmental quality. The relationship between environmental degradation and economic growth is largely explained by the environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. By employing the basic postulation of the baseline EKC framework, this study proposes and tests the existence of a dualistic approach of the EKC hypothesis. Geometry is used to illustrate the proposed dualistic model. Meanwhile, the novel dynamic common correlation effect econometric technique is employed to test the existence of the dualistic EKC within a panel of 109 countries from 1995 to 2016. The outcome from the estimated models shows that, in the global sample, the existence of the dualistic U-shape and N-shape EKC hypothesis is validated. When the sample is split into sub samples based on income levels, the U-shape EKC hypothesis is validated for lower income and high income economies meanwhile, the N-shape dualistic EKC is mostly associated with high income economies.

scholarly journals Environmental Kuznets Curve for Sustainable Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12S) ◽  
pp. 813-818
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Purchasing Power Parity ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Kuznets Curve ◽  
Power Parity ◽  
China And India ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Installed Capacity

Economies today are relying on coal and other finite sources for their energy needs which has not only resulted in exhaustion of finite resources but also has adversely affected the environment as burning of coal alone is responsible for emission of Green House Gases . As the economy grows the consumption of power also rises and in order to keep pace with the growing demand for power, economies are forced to increase the installed capacity. But in economies like US, China and India dependence on coal has been in rise for last few decades. Simon Kuznet rightly brought this to our notice and established the relationship between carbon emission and GDP which would be positively related initially but growth in GDP would enable the economies to find out some alternatives and reduce the emissions n long run. This paper critically analyses the existence of hypothesized relationship of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) between Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and CO2 emissions of U.S., India and China. In trying to prove the theoretical framework that economic growth (GDP) in terms of purchasing power parity and environmental deterioration are strongly related, the paper used the data of developed and developing countries mentioned above. The main aim of the paper is to check the applicability of Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) on the economic growth of U.S., China and India. The researcher used regression for time series analysis in analyzing the data from 1999-2018. The paper is divided into three sections with the first section covering the introduction; the second section is theoretical framework. Data analysis and presentation of findings formed the third section. The researcher finally concluded the paper by giving some suggestions in lieu of the findings.

Effects of agriculture, renewable energy, and economic growth on carbon dioxide emissions: Evidence of the environmental Kuznets curve

2020 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 104879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Hilfa Awatif Mohamad Ridzuan ◽  
Nur Fakhzan Marwan ◽  
Norlin Khalid ◽  
Mohd Helmi Ali ◽  
Ming-Lang Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Environmental Kuznets Curve ◽  
Kuznets Curve
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