Socio-economic Study of Conservation and Rehabilitation of Tropical Peatland With Agroforestry Systems in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia

Abstract Current studies on tropical peatlands in Indonesia are mostly focused on the impacts of management practices on the environment. Studies on efforts to conserve and rehabilitate the degradation of tropical peatland involving farmers through agroforestry systems have been limited. By employing the qualitative survey with semi-structured interviews and field observations to agroforestry locations in two villages of Tumbang Nusa and Kalampangan, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia aims to fill those research gaps. The results showed that the main motivation of farmers in starting agroforestry activities was the understanding that there would be limited trees in the future, and planting trees with a combination of intercrops provided adequate income. Agroforestry farmers who devote considerable time to agroforestry can meet the family's economic needs. Although further guidance is not typically provided, government intervention through tree planting programs also stimulates agroforestry activities. Intensive management of intercrops in various types can provide a good income. For intensive intercropping options, farmers follow market demand, while less intensive farmers prefer plants that do not require intensive management. Trees planted in agroforestry systems are only given fertilizer at the initial planting stage. Some farms receive fertilizer subsidies from government support programmes, but fertilizers are obtained from intercropping at the following stage. The study results imply that the community needs to get knowledge and training on agroforestry, which can be a way of conserving and rehabilitating tropical peatlands and a source of income.

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Farmers’ Perceptions as a Driver of Agricultural Practices: Understanding Soil Fertility Management Practices in Cocoa Agroforestry Systems in Cameroon

Human Ecology ◽

10.1007/s10745-020-00190-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (6) ◽

pp. 709-720

Author(s):

Urcil P. Kenfack Essougong ◽

Maja Slingerland ◽

Syndhia Mathé ◽

Wouter Vanhove ◽

Precillia I. Tata Ngome ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Transition Zone ◽

Management Practices ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Tree Planting ◽

Soil Fertility Management ◽

Important Indicator ◽

Humid Forest ◽

Fertility Management ◽

Cocoa Yield

AbstractIn Africa, cocoa yields are low, partly due to soil fertility constraints and poor management. While peoples’ knowledge, aspirations, and abilities are key factors explaining their behaviour, little is known about the rationales that underpin soil fertility management practices (SFMPs) of cocoa farmers. To address this gap, we conducted an exploratory survey in two contrasting regions in Cameroon where cocoa is an important crop: the humid forest and the forest-savannah transition zone. Some 30% of farmers in the transition zone as opposed to 13% in the humid forest expressed concerns about soil fertility. The most relevant soil fertility indicators for farmers were high cocoa yield, dark soil colour, ease of tillage, and floral composition. To enhance and maintain soil fertility, farmers used residues from weeding (100%), planting of trees (42%), mineral fertilisers (33%), compost (16%), and manure (13%). More farmers in the transition zone than the humid forest implemented SFMPs. Our findings suggest that soil fertility perceptions, access to inputs, local practices, and experience influence farmers’ use of SFMPs. The limited use of mineral fertilisers was explained by poor access whereas the use of organic fertilisers and tree planting were mostly constrained by lack of labour and knowledge. Farmers prioritised practices to increase yield and viewed SFMPs to be the least important management practices, although they believe high cocoa yield is an important indicator of soil fertility. To foster sustainable cocoa intensification, it is necessary to enhance farmers’ knowledge on SFMPs, increase access to inputs, and ensure returns on investment while considering farmers’ priorities and practices.

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Agroforestry and Management of Trees in Bunya County, Mayuge District, Uganda

International Journal of Forestry Research ◽

10.1155/2017/3046924 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Monica Kyarikunda ◽

Antonia Nyamukuru ◽

Daniel Mulindwa ◽

John R. S. Tabuti

Keyword(s):

Management Practices ◽

Species Conservation ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Tree Planting ◽

Plant Resources ◽

Anthropogenic Landscapes ◽

Rural People ◽

Tree Management ◽

Crop Fields ◽

Priority Species

Woody plant resources continue to disappear in anthropogenic landscapes in Uganda. To slow down further loss of these resources requires the collaboration of farmers in tree planting in agroforestry systems. Tree planting interventions with the collaboration of farmers require a good understanding of tree management practices as well as trees that best satisfy farmers’ needs. We carried out this research to determine (1) the most preferred tree species and reasons why they are preferred, (2) the species conservation statuses, and (3) existing tree management practices and challenges to tree planting. Fourteen priority species valued because they yield edible fruits and timber have been prioritised in this study. Farmers are interested in managing trees but are constrained by many factors, key among which is scarcity of land and financial capital to manage tree planting. Trees are managed in crop fields and around the homestead. From farmers’ reports, the highly valued species are increasing in the landscape. In conclusion, the potential to manage trees in agroforestry systems exists but is hampered by many challenges. Secondly, the liking of trees that supply edible fruits seems to support the welfare maximisation theory which ideally states that rural people manage trees with the aim of having regular access to products that satisfy their household needs and not for income generation.

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Understanding Spatial and Temporal Variability of Water Balance from Tropical Peatland Landscape

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-12136 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Adibtya Asyhari ◽

Rahila Junika Tanjungsari ◽

Yogi Suardiwerianto ◽

Muhammad Fikky Hidayat ◽

Sahat Manimbo Marpaung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Balance ◽

Management Practices ◽

Overland Flow ◽

Flow Path ◽

Natural Forest ◽

Hydrological Processes ◽

Dry Period ◽

Future Projection ◽

Tropical Peatland ◽

Tropical Peatlands

Hydrology plays a pivotal role in the geomorphology and carbon balance of tropical peatlands. The alteration of the hydrological processes due to climate and/or land cover change might result in significant impacts to this ecosystem. Therefore, improved understanding of tropical peatland hydrology is critical in order to evaluate their fate under current and future climate and ultimately to develop sustainable peatland management practices. However, due to its complexity related to various flow interactions and anthropogenic interferences, comprehensive hydrological studies based on measured field data on tropical peatlands are still limited. Alternatively, hydrological models have been used to simulate the major components of the hydrological processes and to answer &#8220;what-if&#8221; questions.In this context, a fully distributed and physically-based MIKE SHE model was used to simulate the water balance within Padang Island in the eastern coast of Sumatra, Indonesia. The island is characterized as a mosaic landscape of natural forest, forest plantation and smallholder agriculture. Comprehensive data set from field measurements including high resolution digital terrain model derived from airborne LiDAR were used for the model development. The model was calibrated and validated against observed groundwater level and stream flow data distributed across the island. The simulation was performed using current climate data that cover a distinct dry and wet year. The subsidence impacts were investigated by simulating the future projection up to 50 years. Further, additional scenario was developed to represent the pre-existing condition without agriculture and forestry practices to evaluate the land cover change impacts.The results show that the water balance is predominantly controlled by climatic variables. The evapotranspiration accounts for the main water loss representing 50 &#8211; 80 % of the total annual rainfall. The amount of evapotranspiration remains relatively constant in the temporal basis irrespective to the rainfall, which means that the magnitude and direction of the remaining hydrological flow paths are driven by the balance between rainfall and evapotranspiration. In the dry period with a rainfall deficit, the water storage is depleted in order to meet the evapotranspiration demand. In the wet period, the excess rainfall is transformed into overland flow, base flow and positive storage change which contributes to increased inundation frequency.The future projection indicates that there is a shift in the hydrological flow path, as the overland flow increases and the groundwater flow decreases due to the changing topography from peat subsidence. However, the hydrological flow path of the natural forest in the central part of the island remains relatively intact. The agriculture and forestry practice doesn&#8217;t significantly alter the hydrological flow path compared to the pre-existing condition. In addition, the boundary impact to the natural forest is not apparent under the wet period, while it gets more prominent in the dry period (~300 meter under current condition).Our results, which are among the first comprehensive hydrological studies for the tropical peatlands, should help to improve the understanding of landscape scale hydrological processes in tropical peatland, which is relevant for scientists and policymakers to develop science-based peatland management practices.

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Traditional Agroforestry Systems and Food Supply under the Food Sovereignty Approach

Ethnobiology Letters ◽

10.14237/ebl.8.1.2017.941 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mariana Yazzur Hernández ◽

Pedro Antonio Macario ◽

Jorge Omar López

Keyword(s):

Food Supply ◽

Native Species ◽

Management Practices ◽

Production Systems ◽

Food Sovereignty ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Government Support ◽

Natural Ecosystems ◽

Research Activities ◽

Traditional Agroforestry

Intensive production systems have damaged many natural ecosystems and have altered their capacity to provide ecosystem services such as climate regulation, soil fertility, and vector-borne disease control. Therefore, these agroecosystems are unsustainable and poorly resilient. However, traditional agroforestry systems (TAS) contribute to the conservation of biodiversity and to the provision of inputs for the maintenance of local populations. The objective of this study was to evaluate the contribution of the TAS in the food supply under the food sovereignty (FSv) approach in three different ethnic groups. The study was conducted in three communities of different origin in the State of Campeche, one Maya Tseltal-Chol, the other Mestizo, and the third Yucatec Mayan. The theoretical-methodological framework of this research was based on agroecology. Ethnographic methods and participatory research activities were carried out to describe and analyze the factors that strengthen FSv using five indicators. Our results present a description and analysis of resource access, current production models, patterns of consumption and food security, commercialization and participation in decision-making of these communities. Traditional agroecological management practices are still preserved and native species are still being cultivated. Farmers obtain about 55% of their food from TAS. The consumption of food is influenced by the culture, the purchasing power linked to economic activities and government support. TAS have played a strategic role for the survival of families but to ensure their contribution to FSv, it is necessary to articulate the actions of the sectors that share the same objective and encourage the active participation of communities in agricultural policies.

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GROUND WATER LEVEL AND SOIL TEMPERATURE VARIATION ON TROPICAL PEATLAND IN EL NIÑO YEAR

Agric ◽

10.24246/agric.2018.v30.i2.p103-110 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 103-110

Author(s):

Nur Wakhid ◽

Siti Nurzakiah ◽

Nurita Nurita ◽

Zainudin Zainudin

Keyword(s):

Soil Temperature ◽

Water Level ◽

El Niño ◽

El Nino ◽

Crop Productivity ◽

Study Objective ◽

Central Kalimantan ◽

Tropical Peatland ◽

Rubber Plantations ◽

Tropical Peatlands

Water level (TMA) and soil temperature are two keys of environmental factors for ecosystem peatland study and for peatland ecosystem sustainability as well as crop productivity on peatland. On the other hand, climate change is another factor that cannot be avoided and affects the peatland ecosystem. Fluctuation of water level and soil temperature more severe on El Niño or dry years. Therefore, monitoring of water level and soil temperature on peatland ecosystem is important for sustainable peat management, especially on the dry years. The study objective was to determine the dynamics of water level and soil temperature on peatlands ecosystem in El Niño years and compare them to the normal year conditions. Water level and soil temperature were conducted automatically on rubber plantations on tropical peatland in Jabiren, Pulang Pisau, Central Kalimantan, from January to December 2015. Water level on the field and canal drainage on tropical peatlands followed the variations of precipitation. Although the average of annual precipitation on El Niño year is almost the same as normal year, but the water level and soil temperature show quite significant differences to the normal years. In addition, even water level was deeper and soil temperature is quite high in the dry season of El Niño years, but this field did not burn because productive plants were growth managed well by the owner.

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Talented Employees in Russian and Foreign Companies

Voprosy Ekonomiki ◽

10.32609/0042-8736-2013-1-147-156 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 147-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Latukha ◽

T. Tsukanova

Keyword(s):

Management Practices ◽

Management Practice ◽

Talent Management ◽

Foreign Companies ◽

Study Results ◽

Practice Development

The study investigates talent management practices in Russian and foreign companies. The inquiry of Russian and foreign companies (working in Russia) showed that perceived and dedicated talent management practices contribute to better companies performance. The study results can be used in talent management practice development.

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Data on how tree planting and management practices influence tree seedling survival in Kenya and Ethiopia

Data in Brief ◽

10.1016/j.dib.2021.107073 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 107073

Author(s):

Christine Magaju ◽

Leigh Ann Winowiecki ◽

Pietro Bartolini ◽

Asma Jeitani ◽

Ibrahim Ochenje ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Management Practices ◽

Seedling Survival ◽

Tree Planting ◽

Tree Seedling

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Pollination Potential in Portugal: Leveraging an Ecosystem Service for Sustainable Agricultural Productivity

Land ◽

10.3390/land10040431 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 431

Author(s):

Caroline Wentling ◽

Felipe S. Campos ◽

João David ◽

Pedro Cabral

Keyword(s):

Land Management ◽

Management Practices ◽

Production Systems ◽

Local Level ◽

Well Being ◽

Food Sources ◽

Pollination Services ◽

Pollinator Abundance ◽

Study Results ◽

Administrative Boundary

As urbanization and agriculture increase worldwide, habitats and food sources for wild pollinators are often fragmented or destroyed. As wild pollinators contribute both resilience and variety to agricultural fields, it is desirable to implement land management practices that preserve their well-being and ability to contribute to food production systems. This study evaluates continental Portugal for its change in suitability to host bee’s pollinator species (Apis mellifera) from 1990 to 2018. It uses the InVEST crop pollination modeling tool and CORINE Land Cover, as well as parameterization to produce pollinator abundance and supply maps. These are generalized to municipality boundaries to provide actionable insights to farmers and policymakers and strengthen land management practices. It finds that the potential for pollination services is growing, with averages of both pollinator abundance and supply indices improving by 8.76% across the continental territory in 28 years. The study results are validated using another pollination index derived from a study that is based on expert opinion and field sampling in a sub-region of Portugal. This method of aggregation of model results and comparison of the percent difference by administrative boundary has the potential to better inform both policymakers and farmers about the pollination potential on a local level, as well as inspire interventions for future productivity.

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Performance Assessment of Erosion Remediation Measures and Proposal of The Best Management Practices for Erosion Control in Sebeya Catchment, Rwanda

Rwanda Journal of Engineering Science Technology and Environment ◽

10.4314/rjeste.v3i2.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Félicien Majoro ◽

Umaru Garba Wali ◽

Omar Munyaneza ◽

François-Xavier Naramabuye ◽

Concilie Mukamwambali

Keyword(s):

Soil Erosion ◽

Best Management Practices ◽

Management Practices ◽

Soil Depth ◽

Erosion Control ◽

Control Measures ◽

Tree Planting ◽

Best Management ◽

Remediation Measures ◽

Soil Erosion Control

Soil erosion is an environmental concern that affects agriculture, wildlife and water bodies. Soil erosion can be avoided by maintaining a protective cover on the soil to create a barrier to the erosive agent or by modifying the landscape to control runoff amounts and rates. This research is focused on Sebeya catchment located in the Western Province of Rwanda. Sebeya catchment is one of the most affected areas by soil erosion hazards causing loss of crops due to the destruction of agricultural plots or riverbanks, river sedimentation and damages to the existing water treatment and hydropower plants in the downstream part of the river. The aims of this research were to assess the performance of erosion remediation measures and to propose the Best Management Practices (BMPs) for erosion control in Sebeya catchment. Using literature review, site visits, questionnaire and interviews, various erosion control measures were analyzed in terms of performance and suitability. Land slope and soil depth maps were generated using ArcGIS software. The interview results indicated that among the 22 existing soil erosion control measures, about 4.57% of farmers confirmed their existence while 95.43% expressed the need of their implementation in Sebeya catchment. Furthermore, economic constraints were found to be the main limitative factors against the implementation of soil erosion control measures in Sebeya catchment. Also, the majority of farmers suggest trainings and mobilization of a specialized technical team to assist them in implementing soil conservation measures and to generalize the application of fertilizers in the whole catchment. Finally, soil erosion control measures including agro-forestry, terraces, mulching, tree planting, contour bunds, vegetative measures for slopes and buffer zones, check dams, riverbanks stabilization were proposed and recommended to be implemented in Sebeya catchment. Keywords: Erosion control measures, Sebeya catchment, Rwanda

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Fruit Tree-Based Agroforestry Systems for Smallholder Farmers in Northwest Vietnam—A Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment

Land ◽

10.3390/land9110451 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 451

Author(s):

Van Hung Do ◽

Nguyen La ◽

Rachmat Mulia ◽

Göran Bergkvist ◽

A. Sigrun Dahlin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Management Practices ◽

Smallholder Farmers ◽

Knowledge Exchange ◽

Fruit Trees ◽

Agroforestry Systems ◽

Fruit Tree ◽

Rapid Expansion ◽

Qualitative Assessment ◽

Forage Grass ◽

High Investment

Rapid expansion of unsustainable farming practices in upland areas of Southeast Asia threatens food security and the environment. This study assessed alternative agroforestry systems for sustainable land management and livelihood improvement in northwest Vietnam. The performance of fruit tree-based agroforestry was compared with that of sole cropping, and farmers’ perspectives on agroforestry were documented. After seven years, longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.)-maize-forage grass and son tra (Docynia indica (Wall.) Decne)-forage grass systems had generated 2.4- and 3.5-fold higher average annual income than sole maize and sole son tra, respectively. Sole longan gave no net profit, due to high investment costs. After some years, competition developed between the crop, grass, and tree components, e.g., for nitrogen, and the farmers interviewed reported a need to adapt management practices to optimise spacing and pruning. They also reported that agroforestry enhanced ecosystem services by controlling surface runoff and erosion, increasing soil fertility and improving resilience to extreme weather. Thus, agroforestry practices with fruit trees can be more profitable than sole-crop cultivation within a few years. Integration of seasonal and fast-growing perennial plants (e.g., grass) is essential to ensure quick returns. Wider adoption needs initial incentives or loans, knowledge exchange, and market links.

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