scholarly journals Drug Susceptibility Pattern and Associated Factors of Bacteria Isolated from Urinary Tract Infection among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Teaching Hospital, Southeast Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eshetu Nigussie ◽  
Meseret Mitiku ◽  
Alelign Tasew ◽  
Biniyam sahiledengel ◽  
Damtew Solomon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
P Value ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Southeast Ethiopia ◽  
Significant Bacteriuria

Abstract Background: Urinary tract infection is caused by bacteria from the digestive tract which climbs the opening of the urethra and begins to multiply to cause infection. This study aimed to assess the bacterial profile and antibiotic susceptibility pattern and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Madda Walabu University Goba Referral Hospital, Southeast Ethiopia. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June-August, 2019. A total of 234 pregnant women were enrolled; data were collected using a structured questionnaire by a trained interviewer. Urine samples were collected from all pregnant women and culture on cysteine lysine electrolytes deficiency medium. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0. Descriptive statistics were used to explain the study participants with relevant variables. Logistic regression was used for data comparison. P-value <0.05 was accepted as statistically significant. Results: The overall prevalence of UTI was 23.9% among both asymptomatic and symptomatic groups. Of this screened midstream urine samples showed that 16% and 32.2%, had significant bacteriuria in the asymptomatic and symptomatic groups respectively. The prevalence of UTI was significantly associated with previous history of catheterization and urinary tract infection. E. coli was the most frequently isolated organism (42.9%) followed by coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (26.8%), and S. aureus (12.5%). Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria accounted for (59%) and (41%) respectively.Conclusion: Significant bacteriuria has been observed from both symptomatic and asymptomatic pregnant women. The majority of the isolates were resistant to commonly prescribed antibiotics. This calls for an early screening of all pregnant women for UTI and those found to be infected need treatment.

scholarly journals Drug Susceptibility Pattern and Associated Factors of Bacteria Isolated from Urinary Tract Infection among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Teaching Referral Hospital, Southeast Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Southeast Ethiopia ◽  
Significant Bacteriuria ◽  
In Pregnancy

Background: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is caused by bacteria from the digestive tract which climbs the opening of the urethra and begins to multiply to cause infection. UTI in pregnancy is associated with significant morbidity for both mother and baby. In most developing countries including Ethiopia, screening for UTI in pregnancy is not considered an essential part of Antenatal Care. This study aimed to assess the bacterial profile and antibiotic susceptibility pattern and associated risk factors among pregnant women in Madda Walabu University Goba Referral Hospital, Southeast Ethiopia. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from June-August, 2020 . A total of 234 pregnant women were enrolled; data were collected using a structured questionnaire by a trained interviewer. Urine samples were collected from all pregnant women and culture on cysteine lysine electrolytes deficiency medium. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0. Descriptive statistics were used to explain the study participants with relevant variables. Logistic regression was used for data comparison. P-value <0.05 was accepted as statistically significant. Results: The overall prevalence of UTI was 23.9% among both asymptomatic and symptomatic groups. Of this screened midstream urine samples showed that 16% and 32.2%, had significant bacteriuria in the asymptomatic and symptomatic groups respectively. The prevalence of UTI was significantly associated with previous history of catheterization and urinary tract infection (p<0.05). E. coli was the most frequently isolated organism (42.9%) followed by coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (26.8%), and S. aureus (12.5%). Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria accounted for (59%) and (41%) respectively. Gram-negative isolates showed resistance to ampicillin, naldixic acid and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Also, all Gram-negative bacterial isolates revealed a high level of resistance against trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Conclusion: Significant bacteriuria has been observed from both symptomatic and asymptomatic pregnant women. The majority of the isolates were resistant to commonly prescribed antibiotics. This calls for an early screening of all pregnant women for UTI and those found to be infected need treatment with an appropriate drug to avoid complications.

scholarly journals Microscopic Examination of Urine Samples as the Early Detection of Asymptomatic Urinary Tract Infection in Pregnant Women: A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
pp. 208-212
Author(s):  
Yeva Rosana ◽  
Dwiana Ocviyanti ◽  
Rahmah Amran
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
P Value

Abstract Objectives:To investigate the role of microscopic examination of urine sample in supporting early diagnosis of asymptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI) in pregnant women. To compare correspondence between microscopic examination and urine culture result as a gold standard diagnostic modality to support the diagnosis of UTIs and as an evidence-based to start empirical therapy. Methods: Microscopic analysis was conducted in 74 centrifuged and non-centrifuged urine samples from 317 pregnant who came to six healthcare centres in Jakarta, which showed a positive result of nitrite examination.  The results of the microscopic examination of bacteriuria and leukocyturia were compared with a urine culture. Results: Sensitivity of centrifuged bacteriuria was the highest among the other microscopic parameters, which was 74% with the p-value of 0.009. Combination of bacteriuria and leukocyturia≥3/HPF dan≥5/HPF have increased the specificity with the value of 91.5% and 93.6% in non-centrifuged urine. Conclusion: This result showed that the best method of microscopic examination for early diagnosis of asymptomatic urinary tract infection in pregnant women is the detection of bacteriuria in centrifuged urine. Combination of bacteriuriaandleukocyturiatest, as well as leukocyturia≥3/HPF and≥5/HPF,  can be used to rule out the diagnosis of UTI at an early stage. Keywords: asymptomatic urinary tract infection, bacteriuria, leukocyturia,microscopic examination, urine culture.   Abstrak Tujuan: Mengetahui peran pemeriksaan mikroskopis sampel urin dalam mendukung diagnosis dini infeksi saluran kemih asimptomatik (ISK) pada perempuan hamil. Membandingkan kesesuaian antara pemeriksaan mikroskopis dan hasil kultur urin sebagai modalitas diagnostik standar emas untuk mendukung diagnosis ISK dan sebagai dasar bukti untuk memulai terapi empiris. Metode: Penelitian uji mikroskopik dilakukan pada 74 sampel urin disentrifugasi dan tidak sentrifugasi, dari 317 sampel urin perempuan hamil yang berobat ke-enam puskesmas di Jakarta dengan uji nitritpositif. Hasil uji mikroskopik bakteri uria dan leukosit uria dibandingkan dengan hasil kultururin. Hasil: Sensitivitas bakteriuria yang disentrifugasi menunjukan hasil yang paling baik dibandingkan dengan parameter uji mikroskopik lain, yaitu 74% dengan nilai p yang bermakna sebesar 0,009.  Kombinasi bakteri uria dan leukosituria ≥3/LPB dan ≥5/LPB dapat meningkatkan spesifisitas uji dengan nilai 91,5% dan 93,6% pada urin yang  tidak disentrifugasi. Kesimpulan: Hasil menunjukkan bahwa bakteri uria pada urin yang disentrifugasi, merupakan metode yang paling baik untuk membantu diagnosis dini ISK tidak bergejala pada perempuan hamil. Uji kombinasi bakteri uria dan leukosituria, serta uji leukosituria ≥3/LPB dan ≥5/LPB dapat dimanfaatkan untuk membantu secara dini menyingkirkan orang yang tidak mengalami  ISK. Kata kunci: bakteriuria, infeksi saluran kemih tidak bergejala, kultur urin,leukosituria, uji mikroskopik

scholarly journals Asymptomatic Bacteriuria among Pregnant Women Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in Western Nepal: A Cross-sectional Prospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Shristi Raut ◽  
Sulochana Khatiwada ◽  
Narayan GC
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Significant Bacteriuria

INTRODUCTION Urinary tract of female undergoes tremendous changes during pregnancy which increases their risk of acquiring infection. Asymptomatic bacteriuria is a common entity among pregnant women which refers to significant bacteriuria (>105 bacteria per ml of urine) without any typical symptoms of urinary tract infection. Asymptomatic bacteriuria can lead to various maternal and fetal complications if not detected and treated on time. MATERIAL AND METHODS Total 280 urine samples were collected in sterile universal containers from pregnant women not showing typical symptoms of urinary tract infection at the time of sample collection. Urine samples were inoculated in both MacConkey agar and Blood agar by semi quantitative culture method. Culture plates were reported after 24 hours of incubation at 370C. Bacteria isolated were subjected to antibacterial susceptibility testing by modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. RESULTS Out of 280 urine cultures, 213 samples were sterile. Significant bacteriuria was seen in 25 cases (8.9%) followed by insignificant bacteriuria (20, 7.14%) and contamination (17, 6.10%). Highest number of cultures positive were in age group 21-30 years (19, 9.1%,). Out of 25 cases of significant bacteriuria, 60% were primigravida and 40% were multigravida. The most common organism isolated was Escherichia coli (10, 60%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (5, 40%). CONCLUSION Screening of all pregnant women for asymptomatic bacteriuria is essential during their antenatal checkup. Escherichia coli is the commonest organism that cause asymptomatic bacteriuria. Appropriate antibiotic therapy is absolutely necessary for positive cases on the basis of antimicrobial susceptibility result to prevent unwanted obstetric complications.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern of Urinary Tract Infection among Pregnant Women Attending Hargeisa Group Hospital, Hargeisa, Somaliland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdikhaliq Hussein Ali ◽  
Dawit Yihdego Reda ◽  
Moges Desta Ormago
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
History Of

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern and associated factors of urinary tract infection (UTI) among pregnant women attending Hargeisa Group Hospital (HGH), Hargeisa, Somaliland. A cross-sectional study was conducted at HGH, Hargeisa, Somaliland and participants were selected by systematic random sampling technique. Clean catch midstream urine samples were collected from 422 participants and cultured and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was determined for the isolates. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were utilized to identify the independent risk factors for UTI The prevalence of UTI was 16.4 % (95% CI: 13.3–19.9). The predominant bacteria isolate was E. coli (43.5%). Gram negative bacteria were resistant to ampicillin (96%) and tetracycline (71.4%) and Gram-positive bacteria were also resistant to ampicillin (90%), tetracycline (55%). Multidrug resistance was observed in 89.9% of bacterial isolated. No formal education participants were 3.18 times, previous history of catheterization had 3.22 times and previous history of UTI had 3.73 times more likely to develop UTI than their counterparts respectively. Culture and susceptibility test is vital for appropriate management of UTI in the study area.

scholarly journals Non-Fermenting Gram Negative Bacteria as Uropathogens in Causing Urinary Tract Infection and its Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern at A Tertiary Care Centre of South India

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 2033-2038
Author(s):  
Anupam Berwal ◽  
K.L. Shobha ◽  
Rohit Gupta ◽  
Kriti Gupta ◽  
Asem Ali Ashraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Significant Bacteriuria

Non fermenting gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB) are recently striving as uropathogens. The present study was conducted to isolate the common species of bacteria in NFGNB causing urinary tract infection (UTI) and its correlation with comorbid conditions and to study the antibacterial susceptibility pattern. This retrospective study was done at the diagnostic Microbiology laboratory of a tertiary care hospital. Urine samples were collected for the period of six months. These samples were plated on blood agar and MacConkey agar and incubated at 37°C for 18–24 hr under aerobic conditions. Identification of NFGNB was done by Gram staining and MALDI-TOF (Matrix- Assisted Laser Desorption/ Ionization- Time of Flight, Biomerieux- Diagnostics). Antibiotic sensitivity testing was done by Vitek® 2 system (Biomerieux- Diagnostics) using N 281 card. Data was analyzed using SPSS IBM version 16. Out of the total 16,413 non repetitive urine samples that were received in the laboratory, 318 had significant bacteriuria. NFGNB were identified in 108 (33.9%) of all the urine samples with significant bacteriuria. Prevalence of non-fermenters in our study was 0.6%. NFGNB were more frequently isolated in the females and also in the age group of more than 50 years. Eighty five (78.70%) had comorbid conditions. P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii were the most common organism isolated among NFGNB. Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates showed high susceptibility to imipenem (80.2%) and amikacin (66.6%). NFGNB although seen frequently in females and in age group of 50 years and above, clinical correlation with comorbid condition is essential to label it as uropathogens. Amikacin or imipenem may be the empirical drug of choice.

scholarly journals PSEUDOMONAS SPECIES CAUSING URINARY TRACT INFECTION AND ITS ANTIBIOGRAM AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Shobha Kl ◽  
Ramachandra L ◽  
Amita Shobha Rao ◽  
Anand Km ◽  
Gowrish Rao S
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Pseudomonas Species ◽  
Significant Bacteriuria

  Objectives: Pseudomonas species cause urinary tract infection (UTI). This study was conducted to isolate Pseudomonas species causing significant bacteriuria and to analyze its antibiogram at a tertiary care hospital.Methods: About 107 urine samples received in the laboratory from August 2015 to July 2016 having significant bacteriuria with Pseudomonas species were tested for antimicrobial activity. Samples were from both inpatients and patients attending as outpatients to a tertiary care hospital with different age groups and gender. Midstream urine samples were inoculated using a standard calibrated loop into blood agar and MacConkey agar following semi quantitative technique using Kass concept. MALD (Biomerio, ElToile, France) was used for speciation, and Vitex automated system (Biomerio, ElToile, France) was used for antibacterial sensitivity testing.Results: About 107 urine samples contained Pseudomonas species by MALDI obtained from 69 male (64.48%) and 38 (35.51%) female patients. Inpatients were 90 (84.11%) and 17 (15.88%) outpatient department (OPD) patients. Isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was from 90 samples (84.11%) and Pseudomonas putida in 17 (15.88%). Significant bacteriuria was more in the age group of ˃60 years in both genders. Susceptibility to gentamicin was 52 (48.59%), ceftazidime 56 (52.33%), and imipenem was 58 (54.20%). Organism was multidrug resistant in 49 (45.79%) samples.Conclusion: P. aeruginosa remains the most common uropathogen among Pseudomonas species. Drug of choice for inpatients suffering from UTI by Pseudomonas species can be gentamicin and for patients attending OPD can be ceftazidime. Imipenem can be the reserve drug. Periodic antibiotic review is required for proper treatment of UTI.

scholarly journals Molecular Detection ctx-M, TEM and VIM in ESBL-Producing E. coli Strains Isolated from Pregnant Women in Osogbo

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
O. C. Adekunle ◽  
A. J. Falade-Fatila ◽  
G. Odewale
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Molecular Detection ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
In Pregnancy

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a major bacterial infection causing serious health problem in pregnant women. The physiological and anatomical changes in pregnancy facilitate urinary tract infection (UTI) during pregnancy. Asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy is associated with pyelonephritis, preterm labour and low birth weight infants. The study was designed to characterise phenotypically and genetically the major organism associated with UTI among pregnant women in Osun State. A cross-sectional study design was used to collect mid-stream urine samples between March 2018 to September 2018 from 150 pregnant and 50 non-pregnant women which serve as control. Samples were inoculated into Cysteine Lactose Electrolyte Deficient (CLED) medium, subcultured onto MacConkey and Blood agar plates. A standard agar disc diffusion method was used to determine antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates and the molecular detection of the antibiotic resistant genes were done. Data were subjected to descriptive statistics. The ages of women enrolled in this study ranges from 22 to 43 years (mean ± standard deviation = 25 ± 4.7 years). The predominant bacteria identified were E. coli (34.5%), S. aureus (10.3%), coagulase negative Staphylococci [CoNS] (17.2%), Klebsiella species (6.9%) and Enterobacter species (31.0%). Majority of Gram-negative bacteria isolates were resistant to ampicillin (70%), cefotaxime (62%), while 75–100% of the Gram positive isolates were resistant to ampicillin. Multiple drug resistance was observed, all the E. coli isolates were resistant to Cefotaxime, meropenem and ampicillin. Of E. coli isolates, 4, 3 and 6 were positive for the VIM, ctx-M and TEM genes respectively.Similarly, the risk of UTI was higher in those had previous UTI history (OR = 2.29, 95% CI = 1.15–4.56, P = 0.019) as compared to those who had no previous history of UTI.

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