scholarly journals Parkia biglobosa aqueous extract ameliorates risk markers of cardiometabolic diseases in spironolactone treated and high-salt fed Sprague-Dawley male rat

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adewumi Oyabambi ◽  
Akinjide Akinnuga ◽  
Success Echibiri ◽  
Aminat Imam-Fulani ◽  
Abdulbasit Abdulsalam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Parkia Biglobosa ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Cardiometabolic Diseases

Abstract Background: The numbers of people with salt-sensitive hypertension and cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) are increasing due to high-salt diet (HSD) consumption globally. Parkia biglobosa (PB), an African locust bean tree, has been reported to have several cardiovascular protective properties but its ameliorative effects on CMD are scarcely reported. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the effects of PB stem bark aqueous extract on some risk markers of CMD in weanling male rats subjected to HSD and Spironolactone (Sp) treatment.Twenty-five weanling male rats (95-105 g) were divided into 5 groups: Group 1 (Control); Group 2 (untreated HSD) fed on normal chow and HSD (8% NaCl); Group 3 (HSD+Sp); Group 4 (HSD+PB); Group 5 (HSD+Sp+PB) fed on HSD (8% NaCl) and received either 80 mg/kg of Sp or 400 mg/kg of PB and both as treatment, respectively. After 6 weeks of treatment, blood samples and heart were collected from each animal for biochemical analysis.Results: Administration of both PB and Sp or only PB, significantly decreased the plasma or cardiac adenosine deaminase, xanthine oxidase, C-reactive protein, lipids (except high density lipoprotein), uric acid, sodium, and potassium concentrations. Contrarily, the plasma as well as cardiac nitric oxide and endothelial nitric oxide synthase increased significantly by the same treatment.Conclusion: Parkia biglobosa or its administration with Spironolactone ameliorates associated-risk markers of cardiometabolic disease which are triggered by high salt diet.

scholarly journals Role of Endothelin B Receptors in Enhancing Endothelium-Dependent Nitric Oxide–Mediated Vascular Relaxation During High Salt Diet

Hypertension ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 516-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jena B. Giardina ◽  
GaChavis M. Green ◽  
Anna N. Rinewalt ◽  
Joey P. Granger ◽  
Raouf A. Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Vascular Relaxation ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Endothelin B

High salt diet modulates cAMP- and nitric oxide-mediated relaxation responses to isoproterenol in the rat aorta

2003 ◽  
Vol 474 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 241-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olusoga Sofola ◽  
Momoh Yakubu ◽  
Imaculata Igbo ◽  
Mohammad Newaz ◽  
Adebayo Oyekan
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Rat Aorta ◽  
High Salt ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Relaxation Responses

scholarly journals Fructose plus High-Salt Diet in Early Life Results in Salt-Sensitive Cardiovascular Changes in Mature Male Sprague Dawley Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 3129
Author(s):  
Peter E. Levanovich ◽  
Charles S. Chung ◽  
Dragana Komnenov ◽  
Noreen F. Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Lv Function ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Fructose and salt intake remain high, particularly in adolescents and young adults. The present studies were designed to evaluate the impact of high fructose and/or salt during pre- and early adolescence on salt sensitivity, blood pressure, arterial compliance, and left ventricular (LV) function in maturity. Male 5-week-old Sprague Dawley rats were studied over three 3-week phases (Phases I, II, and III). Two reference groups received either 20% glucose + 0.4% NaCl (GCS-GCS) or 20% fructose + 4% NaCl (FHS-FHS) throughout this study. The two test groups ingested fructose + 0.4% NaCl (FCS) or FHS during Phase I, then GCS in Phase II, and were then challenged with 20% glucose + 4% NaCl (GHS) in Phase III: FCS-GHS and FHS-GHS, respectively. Compared with GCS-GCS, systolic and mean pressures were significantly higher at the end of Phase III in all groups fed fructose during Phase I. Aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) was elevated at the end of Phase I in FHS-GHS and FHS-FHS (vs. GCS-GCS). At the end of Phase III, PWV and renal resistive index were higher in FHS-GHS and FHS-FHS vs. GCS-GCS. Diastolic, but not systolic, LV function was impaired in the FHS-GHS and FHS-FHS but not FCS-FHS rats. Consumption of 20% fructose by male rats during adolescence results in salt-sensitive hypertension in maturity. When ingested with a high-salt diet during this early plastic phase, dietary fructose also predisposes to vascular stiffening and LV diastolic dysfunction in later life.

scholarly journals The role of poly-herbal extract in sodium chloride-induced oxidative stress and hyperlipidemia in male Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olumide Fadahunsi ◽  
Peter Adegbola ◽  
Olayemi Adebola Akintola ◽  
Bamidele Stephen Ajilore ◽  
olubukola sinbad Olorunnisola
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Abstract Consistent consumption of high salt diet (HSD) has been associated with increased cellular generation of free radicals which has been implicated in the derangement of some vital organs and etiology of cardiovascular disorders. This study was designed to investigate the combined effect of some commonly employed medicinal plants on serum lipid profile and antioxidant status of aorta, kidney, and liver of high salt diet-fed animals. Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups of 7 animals each. Group 1 and 2 animals were fed normal rat and 16 % high salt diet only respectively. Animals in groups 3, 4, and 5 were fed 16% high salt diet with 800, 400, and 200 mg/kg bw poly-herbal extract (PHE) respectively once for 28 consecutive days. Serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL), malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione concentration, and activities were assessed in the aorta, kidney, and liver. PHE (p < 0.05) significantly reduced malondialdehyde and nitric oxide concentration and increased antioxidant enzymes and glutathione activity. Elevated serum TG, TC, LDL, and TC content in HSD-fed animals were significantly (p < 0.05) reduced to normal in PHE-treated rats while HDL was significantly elevated (p < 0.05) in a concentration-dependent manner in PHE treated animals. Feeding with PHE attenuated high salt diet imposed derangement in serum lipid profile and antioxidant status in the organs of the experimental rats.

Multiple blood pressure loci on rat chromosome 13 attenuate development of hypertension in the Dahl S hypertensive rat

2007 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Moreno ◽  
Mary L. Kaldunski ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Richard J. Roman ◽  
Andrew S. Greene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Brown Norway ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Chromosome 13 ◽  
Congenic Strains ◽  
Multiple Blood

Previous studies have indicated that substitution of chromosome 13 of the salt-resistant Brown Norway BN/SsNHsdMcwi (BN) rat into the genomic background of the Dahl salt-sensitive SS/JrHsdMcwi (SS) rat attenuates the development of salt-sensitive hypertension and renal damage. To identify the regions within chromosome 13 that attenuate the development of hypertension during a high-salt diet in the SS rat, we phenotyped a series of overlapping congenic lines covering chromosome 13, generated from an intercross between the consomic SS-13BN rat and the SS rat. Blood pressure was determined in chronically catheterized rats after 2 wk of high-salt diet (8% NaCl) together with microalbuminuria as an index of renal damage. Four discrete regions were identified, ranging in size from 4.5 to 16 Mbp, each of which independently provided significant protection from hypertension during high-salt diet, reducing blood pressure by 20–29 mmHg. Protection was more robust in female than male rats in some of the congenic strains, suggesting a sex interaction with some of the genes determining blood pressure during high-salt diet. Among the 23 congenic strains, several regions overlapped. When three of the “protective” regions were combined onto one broad congenic strain, no summation effect was seen, obtaining the same decrease in blood pressure as with each one independently. We conclude from these studies that there are four regions within chromosome 13 containing genes that interact epistatically and influence arterial pressure.

Abstract P187: Nitric Oxide Function in Postural Tachycardia Syndrome During High and Low Sodium Diets

Hypertension ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge E Celedonio ◽  
Victor C Nwazue ◽  
Emily M Garland ◽  
Cyndya A Shibao ◽  
Luis E Okamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Postural Tachycardia Syndrome ◽  
Brachial Artery Diameter ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Postural Tachycardia ◽  
Resistance Vessels ◽  
Low Salt

Background: Postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is characterized by an increase in sympathetic activity, with an exaggerated rise in heart rate upon standing and symptoms of cerebral hypoperfusion. Endothelial/Nitric Oxide (NO) dysfunction might be involved in POTS pathophysiology. As part of the non-pharmacologic treatment of POTS, a high sodium diet is often recommended to increase plasma volume. We assessed endothelial/NO function in conduit vessels (using flow-mediated dilation, FMD) and resistance vessels (using finger pulse arterial tonometry, PAT) in POTS patients during high and low salt diets. Methods: In 14 female POTS patients (34±9 years, BMI 23±3 kg/m 2 ) and 13 matched healthy control subjects (29±4 years, BMI 24±3 kg/m 2 ), we evaluated the time course responses to FMD and PAT. Subjects were randomly assigned to either high salt diet (300mEq/day) or low salt diet (10mEq/day) for 6 days and crossed over to the other arm after 1 month. The areas under the curve for brachial artery diameter by FMD and finger artery dilation by PAT were compared between interventions and groups. Results: No differences in NO function in a conduit artery were seen. In contrast, in resistance vessels, high salt diet increased vasodilation in both POTS and healthy subjects (figure). In addition, POTS patients have greater vasodilation than healthy subjects during both low and high salt diets (p=0.036 and 0.033 for high and salt diets respectively). Conclusions: POTS patients may have an exaggerated NO response to reactive hyperemia in resistance vessels, but not in conductance vessels. This excessive vasodilation could contribute to POTS symptoms on standing.

Abstract P149: Bilateral Renal Denervation Attenuates Hypertension in Male Rats Deficient of Functional Endothelin B Receptors but Does Not Affect Salt-Sensitivity

Hypertension ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan K Becker ◽  
Amanda C Feagans ◽  
Chunhua Jin ◽  
David M Pollock
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Renal Denervation ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Renal Nerves ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Endothelin B ◽  
Renal Sympathetic

Independent studies of renal sympathetic nerves and the endothelin (ET) system have demonstrated important contributions of each in the progression of hypertension. Very few studies, however, have investigated the interaction between the ET system and renal nerves in relation to blood pressure control and electrolyte homeostasis. Although endothelin B (ETB) receptors in the renal medulla promote natriuresis, ETB receptors on sympathetic neurons are thought to increase neuronal activity. We hypothesized that renal denervation reduces blood pressure in a salt-sensitive, hypertensive model of ET dysfunction, the ETB-deficient (ETB-def) rat, which lacks functional ETB receptors in all tissues except neurons. After bilateral renal sympathetic denervation (Dnx) or sham operation of ETB-def and transgenic control (TG) rats, baseline blood pressure was recorded via telemetry for 5 days on a normal salt (0.49% NaCl) diet followed by a high salt (4.0%) diet. At baseline, ETB-def Dnx rats had a lower 24-hr systolic blood pressure (SBP) (152.6 ± 3.6 mmHg) relative to ETB-def sham (167.8 ± 2.6 mmHg; p < 0.005; n = 7/group). Denervation did not significantly affect TG rats relative to sham on normal salt (138.8 ± 2.5 vs. 144.7 ± 0.5 mmHg respectively; p = 0.53; n = 6/group). Following 10 days of high salt diet, ETB-def sham rats had an increased 24-hr SBP (+10.59 ± 2.8 mmHg relative to baseline; p < 0.005). There was a similar increase in SBP in ETB-def Dnx rats (+10.03 ± 2.3 mmHg relative to baseline; p < 0.005), although the ETB-def Dnx group remained lower than ETB-def sham. High salt had no effect on TG sham or Dnx animals (-2.2 ± 1.3 and -0.6 ± 2.8 mmHg relative to baseline). Preliminary evidence from a subset of the animals in this experiment indicated a dramatically reduced inner medullary ET-1 content in ETB-def sham rats vs. TG sham (97.9 ± 15.4 vs. 327.0 ± 25.4 ng/mg total protein; p < 0.005; n = 3-4/group) in both ETB-def and TG groups, Dnx tended to increase inner medullary ET-1 content (181.8 ± 75.8 and 402.7 ± 19.6 ng/mg total protein respectively). We conclude that in a model of ET dysfunction, the renal nerves are integral mediators of hypertension during normal salt diet, but do not mediate the increase in pressure following high salt diet in this model of salt-sensitive hypertension.

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