Postprandial Levels of Branched-chain and Aromatic Amino Acids Associate With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
BeiBei GAO ◽  
Qiong SHEN ◽  
Ying WU ◽  
MengDie CAO ◽  
QiWu ZHANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Aromatic Amino Acids ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Glucose Ingestion ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Branched Chain

Abstract AimsSerum branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and aromatic amino acids (AAAs) are associated with obesity, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We want to investigate the levels of these amino acids in women with GDM and subsequently examine their changes in response to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Methods43 GDMs and 67 non-GDMs during their second trimester were recruited in this study. A 75-g OGTT was administered, and fasting, 1-h, and 2-h blood samples were obtained. Serum BCAA and AAA levels were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsThe differences of BCAAs and AAAs between women with GDM and controls during their second trimester were not evident during fasting, while became significant after a 75-g glucose load. Glucose ingestion decreased the levels of BCAAs and AAAs in both groups. Notably, GDMs showed a delayed and blunted decrease of these amino acids compared to non-GDMs. The risks of 2-h change of BCAAs and AAAs for GDM were significant.ConclusionsWe identified that the differences of BCAAs and AAAs between women with GDM and controls during their second trimester, which were not evident during fasting, could be provoked by performing OGTT.

scholarly journals Branched chain and aromatic amino acids change acutely following two medical therapies for type 2 diabetes mellitus

Metabolism ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 1772-1778 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey A. Walford ◽  
Jaclyn Davis ◽  
A. Sofia Warner ◽  
Rachel J. Ackerman ◽  
Liana K. Billings ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Aromatic Amino Acids ◽  
Medical Therapies ◽  
Branched Chain

Cinammon (Cinnamomum Spp.) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-255
Author(s):  
Sierra-Puente D. ◽  
Abadi-Alfie S. ◽  
Arakanchi-Altaled K. ◽  
Bogard-Brondo M. ◽  
García-Lascurain M. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Key Aspects

Spices such as cinnamon (Cinnamomum Spp.) have been of interest due to their phytochemical composition that exert hypoglycemic effects with potential for management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We summarize data from 27 manuscripts that include, one book chapter, 3 review articles, 10 randomized controlled trials, 4 systematic reviews with meta-analysis, and 9 preclinical studies. The most frequently used cinnamon variety was Cinnamomum cassia rather than the Cinnamomum zeylanicum, whereas outcomes were defined as fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and oral glucose tolerance test. A great variability in methodology such as different doses (from 120 mg to 6 g), duration of intervention, data retrieved and use of different concomitant medication, were found to be key aspects of most of trials and systematic reviews with meta-analysis available to date. Low quality studies have been made in most cases with a lot of heterogeneity clouding significance of results. More research needs to be done in order to yield accurate evidence for evidence-based recommendations. Its use is not currently a reliable nor advisable option for the treatment of T2DM.

Clinical Impact of the TCF7L2 Gene rs7903146 Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Risk Polymorphism in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Impaired Glycemic Control and Increased Need of Insulin Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 (10) ◽  
pp. 663-666
Author(s):  
Laura Potasso ◽  
Nikolaos Perakakis ◽  
Apostolia Lamprinou ◽  
Elektra Polyzou ◽  
Dimitrios Kassanos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Therapy ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Risk Allele ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Tcf7l2 Rs7903146

Abstract Background The single nucleotide polymorphism in TCF7L2 rs7903146 is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes mellitus. Mechanisms by which this mutation acts, and its impact on the clinical course of the diseases remain unclear. Here we investigated the clinical impact of the T risk allele in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Methods We genotyped the C/T polymorphism in 164 Caucasian women with GDM (German n=114; Greek n=50). The impact of the T allele on the results of the 75g oral-glucose-tolerance-test, and on the required therapy (diet/lifestyle or insulin) was investigated. Results During oral-glucose-tolerance-test, women harboring the T allele displayed significantly higher glucose values at 60 min (p=0.034) and were more likely to require insulin therapy even after adjusting for confounders, such as BMI and age. Conclusion These results provide evidence that the T risk allele in TCF7L2 rs7903146 is associated with failure in early postprandial glycemic control and requirement of insulin therapy in women with gestational diabetes mellitus, even after adjusting for confounding factors such BMI and age.

scholarly journals In Vivo Efficacy of HD0471953: A Novel GPR119 Agonist for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
So Ra Kim ◽  
Dae-Hoon Kim ◽  
Soo Hyun Park ◽  
Young Seok Kim ◽  
Chun Hwa Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Gpr119 Agonist ◽  
Dose Dependent

G-protein coupled receptor 119 (GPR119) has emerged as a promising new target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The expression of GPR119 on the pancreatic B cells and intestinal L cells provides a unique opportunity for a single drug to promote insulin and GLP-1 secretion. In this study, we identified a novel small molecule GPR119 agonist, HD0471953, from our large library of synthetic compounds based on its ability to anti-hyperglycemic effects on T2DM murine models. We have tested the acute efficacy of HD0471953 by the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with normal C57BL/6J mice. Then, chronic administrations of HD0471953 were performed to evaluate the efficacy on various diabetic rodent models. Single administration of HD0471953 showed improved glycemic control with a dose-dependent manner in OGTT with normal mice, and the insulin and GLP-1 were also increased. To identify chronic efficacy, we have observed a decline of blood glucose and fasting insulin in a dose-dependent manner of 10, 20, and 50 mpk indb/dbmice. The results suggest that HD0471953 may be a potentially promising anti-hyperglycemic agent for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals The influence of mildronate on peripheral neuropathy and some characteristics of glucose and lipid metabolism in rat streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus model

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 490-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Sokolovska ◽  
J. Rumaks ◽  
N. Karajeva ◽  
D. Grinvalde ◽  
J. Sharipova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Ingestion ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

Streptozotocin (STZ) was used to induce the diabetic rat model. STZ rats were treated with mildronate (100 mg/kg daily, per os or intraperitoneally for 6 weeks). Body weight, blood glucose, triglyceride, ketone body concentrations, glycated hemoglobin percent (HbA1c%), glucose tolerance, and the development of neuropathic pain were monitored throughout the experiment. In the STZ + mildronate group, mildronate treatment caused a significant decrease in mean blood glucose (on week 4) and triglyceride concentrations (on weeks 3-6), significantly slowed the increase in HbA1c% (on week 6) and improved glucose tolerance 120 minutes after glucose ingestion during oral glucose tolerance test versus the STZ group. Mildronate completely protected development of STZ-induced neuropathic pain from the first administration week up to end of the experiment. The obtained data indicate clinical usefulness of the drug for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications.

scholarly journals Frequency of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in day-care patients with borderline fasting blood sugar levels and at least one risk factor for diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
VV Boeva ◽  
TA Boeva ◽  
AN Zavyalov
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Carbohydrate Metabolism ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Populations At Risk ◽  
Sugar Levels

In order to assess the diagnosis of carbohydrate metabolism disorders, day care patients from Tambov central regional hospital were investigated. The study was conducted during 6 months in 2018. The study included 91 patients and allowed the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in 31 (34.0%) cases, 6 (6.5%) impaired fasting glucose and 22 (24.1%) impaired glucose tolerance. This survey highlighted the necessity to expand the screening populations at risk for developing type 2 diabetes. The rational for the 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test for all individuals with fasting plasma glucose ≥ 5.6 ≤ 6.0 mmol/l and having one or more risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes and / or metabolic syndrome is shown. Among these categories diabetes was detected in 4.3%, and prediabetes in 14.4% of cases.

Conformance of the diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus estimated from the results of the oral glucose tolerance testsand glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-38
Author(s):  
E A Shestakova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Oral Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Hba1c Measurement

The study population of 127 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk factors underwent oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and HbA1c measurement for diagnostic reasons. HbA1c revealed less diabetic patients than OGTT (31% vs 43%). HbA1c >7% and OGTT were similar in confirming diabetes, but HbA1c <7% suggests the need for OGTT performance to validate the diagnosis.

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