scholarly journals The relationship between white tongue and gastroesophageal reflux disease

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raika Jamali ◽  
Neda Goodarzi ◽  
Arsia Jamali ◽  
Neda Moslemi
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Gerd Symptom ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Tongue Surface ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Monitoring Treatment

Abstract Background Signs of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are limited, therefore, follow up of treatment are mainly based on patients’ symptoms. The aims of study were: 1) to compare the prevalence of white tongue (WT) between individuals with GERD and control group, 2) to evaluate the correlation between WT extension and severity of symptoms in GERD. Materials and methods This case-control study consisted of 100 consecutive individuals with GERD who were referred to the gastroenterology clinic of a referral hospital during 2019-2020. The diagnosis of GERD was made by a gastroenterologist if heart burn or regurgitation existed. The same number of healthy accompanies of patients without GERD participated as the control group. A single examiner defined WT if whitish-gray discoloration of tongue surface existed in two separate sessions [Kappa = 0.93; p < 0.01]. WT extension was estimated based on the approximate white discoloration of the tongue surface. Results All participants with GERD showed white tongue in the first observation and 98% in the second observation, while only 5% of the individuals in the control group revealed WT in both observations (p < 0.001). There was a positive correlation between the WT extension and GERD symptom severity (r: 0.44; p < 0.001). Conclusion It seems that WT might be a reliable sign of GERD. Considering the association between GERD symptoms severity and the extent of WT in this observation, further studies may assess the utility of WT extension as a reasonable objective in monitoring treatment response.

scholarly journals Gene Expression Profiling of Inflammatory Cytokines in Esophageal Biopsies of Different Phenotypes of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: a cross-sectional study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Zavala-Solares ◽  
Gabriela Fonseca-Camarillo ◽  
Miguel Valdovinos ◽  
Julio Granados ◽  
Guido Grajales-Figueroa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Esophageal Mucosa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Patients clinical endoscopic phenotypes in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are classified as: Barrett's esophagus (BE), erosive esophagitis (EE) and non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease (NERD). NERD are subclassified in Abnormal acid exposure (AAE) and Normal acid exposure (NAE) according to pH monitoring study. The aim of this study was to characterize genes involved in the pathophysiology and immune response of GERD.Methods: This is an observational and cross-sectional study. All patients with BE, EE, AAE, NAE and control group were subjected to a superior endoscopy (with biopsies of esophageal mucosa). The cytokine mRNA relative quantification of target genes was conducted by RT-PCR. Changes in gene expression were assessed of the genes associated with inflammation in each disease phenotype. Statistical analysis of differential gene expression was performed by using Dunn's Multiple Comparison non-parametric test. A p value < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: A total of 82 patients were included and they were divided into the following groups: Group BE 16 (19.51%), Group EE 23 (28.04%), Group AAE 13 (15.86%), NAE (15.86%) and Control Group 17 (20.73%). When comparing with control group we found: patients with BE showed an increased expression of IL-8 (P<0.005) and higher levels of: IL-10 and MMP-3, MMP-9 as well; patients with EE had higher levels of IL-1B, IL-6 and IL-10 (P<0.005), patients with AAE showed an increased expression of Il-1B, Il-6, IFN-γ and TNF-α (P<0.005). AAE had a higher expression of Il-1B and TNF-α than NAE (P<0.005). Conclusions: This study demonstrates the differential expression of mediators of inflammation in the esophageal mucosa of patients in GERD endoscopic phenotypes. MMP3 could be implicated in damage to esophageal mucosa. IL-1B and TNF-α could be a differential diagnosis between AAE and NAE in the non-erosive phenotype from endoscopic biopsies.

scholarly journals Treatment of Non-erosive Effect of Clinical Study of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Effective Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Control

<p class="18">Abstract: Objective: To observe the clinical effect of “Chaihu Shugan Powder Zuojin Pill” in the treatment of non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease. Methods: Sixty patients with non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease were randomly divided into treatment group and control group (30 cases in each group). The patients were treated with “Zaohu Shugan Powder” and “Zangjin Pills” and omeprazole respectively. For 8 weeks, the clinical efficacy and changes in clinical symptoms were observed. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group and 80.0% in the control group. There was significant difference between the two groups before and after treatment (P &lt;0.05). Conclusion: “Chaihu Shugan Powder Zuojin Pill” can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease.</p>

scholarly journals Gastroesophageal reflux disease after Helicobacter pylori eradication in gastric ulcer patients: A one-year follow-up study

Medicina ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laimas Jonaitis ◽  
Gediminas Kiudelis ◽  
Limas Kupčinskas
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Gastric Ulcer ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori Eradication ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

The aim of this study was to evaluate the course of gastroesophageal reflux disease in gastric ulcer patients after successful Helicobacter pylori eradication (group A), in patients with persistent infection after attempt to eradicate Helicobacter pylori (group B), and in control group without Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment (group C). Materials and methods. Gastric ulcer patients (n=88) were assigned either to the group receiving Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment (54 patients) or to the control group (34 patients; omeprazole treatment for 4 weeks) and were followed up for 1-year or until gastric ulcer relapsed. Gastroesophageal reflux disease was diagnosed in patients who had erosive esophagitis and/or without esophagitis if they experienced heartburn and/or regurgitation at least 2 times a week and it was associated with impairment of daily activities (Genval consensus). Results. The study was completed by 69 patients: 25 in group A, 19 in group B, and 25 in group C. At the beginning and at the end of the follow-up, gastroesophageal reflux disease was diagnosed in 10 (40%) and 9 (36%) group A patients, respectively (P>0.05); in 12 (63%) and 8 (42%) group B patients, respectively (P>0.05); and in 9 (36%) and 5 (20%) group C patients, respectively (P>0.05). At the beginning and at the end of the follow-up, reflux esophagitis was found in 3 (12%) and 5 (20%) group A patients, respectively (P>0.05); in 5 (26%) and 5 (26%) group B patients (P>0.05); in 4 (16%) and 3 (12%) group C patients (P>0.05). Conclusion. There was no statistically significant difference regarding the development of gastroesophageal reflux disease in gastric ulcer patients after Helicobacter pylori eradication, in the patients with persistent infection after attempt to eradicate, and in the control group without Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment.

scholarly journals Patterns of esophageal acidification and impairment of esophageal motility in gastroesophageal reflux disease and Barrett's esophagus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Maev ◽  
Elena Barkalova ◽  
Yuri Kucheryavyy ◽  
Maria Ovsepyan ◽  
Dmitrii Andreev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Barrett’S Esophagus ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Esophageal Motility ◽  
Barrett's Esophagus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
And Function ◽  
And Control

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has a high prevalence worldwide and plays a major role in the development of Barrett's esophagus (BЕ) and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Aims: To evaluate the patterns of esophageal acidification and esophageal motility in patients with BЕ in comparison with various GERD phenotypes and control subjects. Materials and methods: 100 patients were examined: 31 patients with nonerosive reflux disease (NERD), 20 patients with erosive reflux disease (ERD), 17 patients with BE, 32 healthy individuals who made up the control group. All patients underwent 24-hours pH-impedance and high-resolution esophageal manometry. Results: According to the 24-hour pH-impedanсe, the total time with pH 4 in the esophagus was 1,9% in control patients, 11.6% in the NERD group, 19.35 in the ERD group and 28% in patients with BE. The average number of acid refluxes was 18.0 in the control group, 58.0 in the group with NERD, 78. in the group with ERD and 89.0 in patients with BE. The number of acidic refluxes was significantly correlated with the time on the acidification of the esophagus (r = 0.5439; p0.05). The analysis of the mean nocturnal baseline impedance (MNBI) revealed a tendency to decrease the values in patients with GERD relative to the control subjects, and there was a decrease in the values of MNBI as the severity of GERD from NERD to ERD and BE (p0.05). Manometric signs of hiatal hernia and/or hypotension of the lower esophageal sphincter were more often registered in the groups of patients with ERD (70%) and BE (65%) than in patients with NERD (32%) and in control group (12%). Conclusions: Increase in level of total time with pH 4, number of acid refluxes, reduced values of MNBI, as well as disorders of the structure and function of the esophagogastric junction and motility of the esophagus are associated with the severity of esophagus diseases.

scholarly journals Gene Expression Profiling of Inflammatory Cytokines in Esophageal Biopsies of Different Phenotypes of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica Zavala-Solares ◽  
Gabriela Fonseca-Camarillo ◽  
Miguel Valdovinos ◽  
Julio Granados ◽  
Guido Grajales-Figueroa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Esophageal Mucosa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background: Patients clinical endoscopic phenotypes in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) are classified as: Barrett's esophagus (BE), erosive esophagitis (EE) and non-erosive gastroesophageal reflux disease (NERD). NERD are subclassified in Abnormal acid exposure (AAE) and Normal acid exposure (NAE) according to pH monitoring study. The aim of this study was to characterize genes involved in the pathophysiology and immune response of GERD. Methods: This is an observational and cross-sectional study. All patients with BE, EE, AAE, NAE and control group were subjected to a superior endoscopy (with biopsies of esophageal mucosa). The cytokine mRNA relative quantification of target genes was conducted by RT-PCR. Changes in gene expression were assessed of the genes associated with inflammation in each disease phenotype. Statistical analysis of differential gene expression was performed by using Dunn's Multiple Comparison non-parametric test. A p value < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: A total of 82 patients were included and they were divided into the following groups: Group BE 16 (19.51%), Group EE 23 (28.04%), Group AAE 13 (15.86%), NAE (15.86%) and Control Group 17 (20.73%). When comparing with control group we found: patients with BE showed an increased expression of IL-8 (P<0.005) and higher levels of: IL-10 and MMP-3, MMP-9 as well; patients with EE had higher levels of IL-1B, IL-6 and IL-10 (P<0.005), patients with AAE showed an increased expression of Il-1B, Il-6, IFN-γ and TNF-α (P<0.005). AAE had a higher expression of Il-1B and TNF-α than NAE (P<0.005). Conclusions: This study demonstrates the differential expression of mediators of inflammation in the esophageal mucosa of patients in GERD endoscopic phenotypes. MMP3 could be implicated in damage to esophageal mucosa. IL-1B and TNF-α could be a differential diagnosis between AAE and NAE in the non-erosive phenotype from endoscopic biopsies.

scholarly journals Human leukocyte antigen HLADRB1 determinants susceptibility to gastroesophageal reflux disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
Batool Mutar MAHDI ◽  
Riyadh Mohamad HASAN ◽  
Wafaa Hazim SALIH
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Familial Aggregation ◽  
Human Leukocyte ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Leukocyte Antigen ◽  
History Of ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is characterized by diverse symptoms. There is an evidence for a genetic component to GERD as supported by familial aggregation of this disease. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether certain human leucocyte antigen genes HLA-DRB1 are associated with GERD. METHODS Patients and controls were prospectively recruited from GIT center at Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital (Baghdad-Iraq) between January 2014 and July 2016. Sixty Iraqi Arab Muslims patients with a history of heartburn and dyspepsia compared with 100 Iraqi Arab Muslims controls. All study patients and control groups underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopic examinations and their serums were analyzed for CagA antibodies Immunoglobulin G (IgG) for H. pylori. HLA-DRB1 genotyping were done to both groups. RESULTS A total of 60 patients with erosive gastritis; GERD (Grade II and III) were evaluated, together with 100 controls. There is a significant increase of H. pylori infection (P=0.0001) in GERD patients than control group. HLA-DRB1* 15:01 was significantly increased in GERD patients in comparison with control group and an increased frequency of HLADRB1*11:01 in control group compared with patients group. CONCLUSION There is an association between HLA-DRB1 *15:01 in GERD patients with H. pylori positive patients.

scholarly journals Food patterns in Russian patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease: the results of pilot comparative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
V. S. Kropochev ◽  
S. V. Morozov ◽  
M. A. Lantseva ◽  
A. N. Sasunova ◽  
V. I. Pilipenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Esophageal Ph ◽  
Symptom Evaluation ◽  
Source Data ◽  
Acid Exposure Time

Aim. To evaluate nutritional patterns in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) compared to the control group without GERD. Materials and methods. The data of complex examination of patients referred to perform esophageal pH-impedance recording and who gave written informed consent to participate in the study served as a source data. All the participants underwent complex examination, including clinical data (presence of heartburn and acid regurgitation), symptom evaluation (GERD-Q questionnaire), esophagogastroscopy, esophageal pH-impedance recordings and food frequency questionnaire. Diagnosis of GERD was based on GERD-Q score 8, acid exposure time 6%, number of gastroesophageal refluxes 80/day by 24-hrs esophageal pH-impedance recordings. Nutritional patterns were assessed with the use of healthy eating pyramid principles. Results. Overall 165 patients were enrolled and the data of 150 of them (34 with confirmed GERD and 116 of the control group) were available for the final analysis. The patients of the both groups consumed lower compared to the recommended amounts of dairy and higher amounts of meat. Those with GERD consumed larger amounts of fruits (0.910.68 compared to the values of healthy eating pyramid vs 0.520.57 in the control group, p=0.001), and fats (0.690.55 vs 0.490.55, p=0.001). Compared to the controls, patients with GERD consumed lower amounts of vegetables (0.860.46 of the healthy eating pyramid vs 0.940.63 in the control group, р=0.004) and sugars confectionaries (0.380.39 vs 1.930.98, p=0.0001). Conclusion. Nutritional patterns of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease significantly differ compared to the control group. The obtained data may be used for diet modification in patients with arterial hypertension.

scholarly journals Disorders of social functioning and quality of life in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease while combined with undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
Iryna Romash
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Introduction. It has been scientifically confirmed that the risk of developing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) increases especially with generalized or regional disruption of connective tissue structure, which is widespread among the population. Patients with such comorbid pathology may have a wide range of symptoms that may go beyond the general symptoms of heartburn and regurgitation. The symptoms and complications of GERD affect general health, daily and social functioning, physical and emotional activity. It also affects the quality of life (QoL) associated with health through frequent breaks during sleep, work and social activities. Purpose. study the dynamics of the level of quality of life and social functioning in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease in combination with the syndrome of undifferentiated connective tissue dysplasia. Methodology. A total of 120 patients were included in the study: 65 men and 55 women: in 75 of them (Group II) GERD occurred on the background of UCTD, in 45 (Group I) as an independent disease. The control group consisted of 12 healthy individuals. The study was comprehensive. The Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Status (SF-36),the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) and the scale of "Personal and social performance" (PSP) -  were used to study patients in detail. Results and Discussion. Analyzing the results obtained on the basis of the GSRS questionnaire (Table 1), in patients with GERD on the background of UCTD, compared with patients of group I and the control group, there is a significant increase in three and four from the five scales. QoL in patients of Group II on the scale "Abdominal pain" were 14.3 ± 0.4 points, in Group I - 5.6 ± 1.3 points, in the Control Group - 2.4 ± 0.8 points, on the scale "Reflux syndrome": 13.7 ± 0.9, 10.5 ± 1.3 and 3.1 ± 0.9, respectively. "Dyspeptic syndrome" - 15.3 ± 0.4 points in Group II, 12.2 ± 0.6- in Group I and 6.1 ± 0.3- in the control group. "Constipation syndrome" 9.5 ± 0.8, 5.6 ± 1.03 and 5.7 ± 0.4, respectively (p <0,05). Conclusions: In this research we investigated the effect of comorbid pathology on QoL in patients with GERD, which developed against the background of UCTD. The results confirm that patients with such combined pathology have a lower level of quality of life and social functioning, and the tactics of treatment of such patients should take into account these changes

scholarly journals Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Cause for Eustachian Tube Dysfunction in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

2020 ◽  
pp. 014556132093121
Author(s):  
Suying Yan ◽  
Yongxiang Wei ◽  
Xiaojun Zhan ◽  
Linyin Yao ◽  
Xiping Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Eustachian Tube ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Eustachian Tube Dysfunction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Tube Dysfunction

Objectives: To explore the effect of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) on Eustachian tube function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to OSA and GERD: OSA+GERD group; OSA-only group; GERD-only group; and normal control group. Results: There were no differences among the 4 groups regarding age, sex, smoking history, and alcohol history (all P > .05). The patients in the OSA and OSA+GERD groups had a significantly larger body mass index than those in the control and GERD-only groups (all P < .05). The proportions of patients with abnormal ETS-7 and ETD-Q results were higher in the GERD and OSA+GERD groups compared to the control group ( P < .008). There were no significant differences in ETS-7 and ETD-Q between the control and the OSA-only groups ( P > .008). The multivariable analysis showed that only GERD was independently associated with abnormal ETS-7 results (odds ratio = 3.090, 95% CI: 1.332-7.169, P = .009). Conclusion: Given the high concomitance rate in patients with OSA, GERD might be an important association factor of Eustachian tube dysfunction in patients with OSA.

scholarly journals Effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Acustimulation on Refractory Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-na Meng ◽  
Shanshan Chen ◽  
Jiande D. Z. Chen ◽  
Hai-feng Jin ◽  
Bin Lu
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Reflux Disease ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Acid Reflux ◽  
Weak Acid ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Impedance Monitoring ◽  
Group B

Objective. To investigate effects and possible mechanisms of transcutaneous electrical acustimulation (TEA) performed by a wearable watch-size stimulator for refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (RGERD).Methods. Twenty patients diagnosed as RGERD were enrolled in the study and randomly divided into four groups: esomeprazole group (Group A), esomeprazole combined with TEA group (Group B), esomeprazole combined with sham-TEA group (Group C), and esomeprazole combined with domperidone group (Group D). HRM and 24 h pH-impedance monitoring and GerdQ score were used to measure related indexes before and after treatment.Results. (1) TEA significantly increased LESP, compared with PPI treatment only or PPI plus sham-TEA. After pairwise comparison, LESP of Group B was increased more than Group A (P=0.008) or Group C (P=0.021). (2) PPI plus TEA decreased not only the number of acid reflux episodes but also the number of weak acid reflux episodes (P=0.005). (3) Heartburn and reflux symptoms were improved more with PPI + TEA than with PPI treatment only or PPI plus sham-TEA (GerdQ scores,P=0.001).Conclusion. TEA can improve symptoms in RGERD patients by increasing LESP and decreasing events of weak acid reflux and acid reflux; addition of TEA to esomeprazole significantly enhances the effect of TEA.

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