Associations between sarcopenia with asthmatic prevalence, lung function and comorbidity

Abstract Background Sarcopenia was listed as a treatment trait in behavioral/risk factors of severe asthma, but studies between asthma and sarcopenia were scant. This study plans to determine the associations between sarcopenia with asthmatic prevalence, symptoms, lung function and comorbidity. Methods 15404 individuals from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS) and 10263 individuals from Study on global AGEing and adult health(SAGE) in China were included in this study. Four components of this study were respectively used to assess bidirectional association in the prevalence between sarcopenia with asthma, and estimate the relationships between sarcopenia with asthmatic symptoms, lung function and comorbidity via generalized additive models. The 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression Scale≥12 scores was classified as depression in CHARLS. Results In CHARLS and SAGE, the prevalence of sarcopenia in asthmatics was higher than those without asthma. Asthmatics with sarcopenia had a significantly increased prevalence of severe shortness of breath(sarcopenia yes vs no, adjusted OR=3.71, 95%CI: 1.43-9.60) and airway obstruction in SAGE(sarcopenia yes vs no, adjusted OR=6.82, 95%CI: 2.54-18.34) and an obvious reduction of PEF in CHARLS and SAGE(sarcopenia yes vs no, adjusted RR=0.86, 95%CI: 0.82-0.91) compared to asthmatics without sacropenia. The presence of sarcopenia was positively associated with the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(sarcopenia yes vs no, adjusted OR=5.76, 95%CI:2.01-16.5) and depression(sarcopenia yes vs no, adjusted OR=1.87, 95%CI:1.11-3.14) in asthmatics. Conclusions Our findings indicated that sarcopenia partakes in the development of asthma by affecting lung function and comorbidity and maybe considered a treatable trait of asthma management.

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Prenatal Manganese Exposure and Long-Term Neuropsychological Development at 4 Years of Age in a Population-Based Birth Cohort

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17051665 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (5) ◽

pp. 1665

Author(s):

Ainara Andiarena ◽

Amaia Irizar ◽

Amaia Molinuevo ◽

Nerea Urbieta ◽

Izaro Babarro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Motor Development ◽

Generalized Additive Models ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Population Based ◽

Specific Pattern ◽

Additive Models ◽

Linear Regression Models ◽

Neuropsychological Development ◽

Manganese Exposure ◽

Stratified Analysis

Background: Manganese (Mn) is an essential micronutrient for humans, the diet being the main source of exposure. Some epidemiological studies describe a negative association between prenatal Mn and later neuropsychological development, but results are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to explore the association between prenatal Mn exposure and neuropsychological development assessed at 4 years of age. Methods: Study subjects were 304 mother-child pairs from the Gipuzkoa cohort of the INMA (Environment and Childhood) Project. Mn was measured in newborns’ hair. Children’s neuropsychological development was assessed at 4 years of age using the McCarthy Scales of Children’s Abilities. Multivariate linear regression models were built. Stratified analysis by sex was performed. Generalized additive models were used to assess the shape of the relation. Results: The median Mn concentration in newborns’ hair was 0.42 μg/g (95% CI = 0.38, 0.46). The association between Mn levels and the neuropsychological development was not statistically significant for the general cognitive scale (β [95% CI] = 0.36 [−5.23, 5.95]), motor scale (β [95% CI] = 1.9 [−3.74, 7.55]) or any of the other outcomes. No sex-specific pattern was found. The best shape describing the relationship was linear for all the scales. Conclusion: Our results suggest that prenatal Mn concentrations measured in newborns’ hair do not affect cognitive or motor development at 4 years of age in boys or in girls at the observed Mn levels.

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Exposure to ambient gaseous air pollutants and adult lung function: a systematic review

Reviews on Environmental Health ◽

10.1515/reveh-2021-0135 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Kazhal Masroor ◽

Mansour Shamsipour ◽

Ramin Mehrdad ◽

Farzad Fanaei ◽

Mina Aghaei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Lung Function ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Environmental Pollutants ◽

Premature Mortality ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Hazardous Air Pollutants ◽

Mortality Factors ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Abstract Exposure to hazardous air pollutants is identified as most obvious premature mortality factors in the world. Numerous epidemiological studies have estimated exposure to air pollutants may cause pulmonary toxicity and the incidence of respiratory diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic bronchitis and asthma. The currently research was performed to evaluation the association between gaseous pollutants and lung function in healthy adults. Articles related to this study were selected from researches of Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. A total of 2,644 articles were retrieved and 39 records were reviewed after removing duplicates and excluding irrelevant studies. The result of this systematic review indicated that there is some evidence on decreasing lung function with exposure to gaseous air pollutants (NO2, SO2, and O3) which can have negative effects on human health. Although according to the evidence changes in lung function are mostly linked to the exposure to environmental pollutants including CO, O3, NO2 and SO2, the results should be interpreted with caution considering some following issues discussed in this review. Therefore, further studies are required considering well-designed studies in large scales to strengthen the evidence.

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Ambient carbon monoxide and cause-specific years of life lost: a nationwide time-series analysis in China

10.21203/rs.2.23864/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yu Wang ◽

Jie Li ◽

Lijun Wang ◽

Peng Yin ◽

Yun Lin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Carbon Monoxide ◽

Generalized Additive Models ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

Additive Models ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Years Of Life Lost ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Mortality And Morbidity ◽

Meta Analyses

Abstract Background: Ambient carbon monoxide (CO) has been evaluated the effect on public health, mainly linked with mortality and morbidity. Little evidence is available regarding the relation between CO and years of life lost (YLL). Methods: Using data from 49 major cities in China from 2013 to 2017, we applied generalized additive models and random effects meta-analyses to explore the effects of CO on YLL from various diseases. In addition, stratified analyses were performed to estimate the effect modification of demographic factors. Results: A 1-mg/m³ increase of CO concentrations (lagged over 0–3 d), was associated with 24.1 (95% confidence interval [CI], 14.7, 33.5), 11.5 (6.4, 16.6), 0.9 (-0.5, 2.2), 3.4 (1.3, 5.5), 5.3 (2.5, 8.1), 0.8 (0.0, 1.6) increments in daily YLL from non-accidental causes, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, coronary heart disease, stroke and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, respectively. These associations were robust to the adjustment of co-pollutants and varied substantially by geography and demographic characteristics. Associations were stronger in the elder people (≥75 years), males and those with low education attainment, than younger people, females and high educated populations. Conclusions: This nationwide analysis showed significant and positive associations between short-term ambient CO exposure and cause-specific YLL, and modified by geography and demographic characteristics. These findings may have significant public health implications for the reduction of CO-attributed disease burden in China.

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Geocoding and spatio-temporal modeling of long-term PM2.5 and NO2 exposure: the Mexican Teachers' Cohort

10.21203/rs.3.rs-362282/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Cervantes - Martínez Karla ◽

Riojas - Rodríguez Horacio ◽

Díaz - Ávalos Carlos ◽

Moreno - Macías Hortensia ◽

López - Ridaura Ruy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Predictive Accuracy ◽

Generalized Additive Models ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Additive Models ◽

Temporal Modeling ◽

Secondary Sources ◽

Temporal Models ◽

Out Of Sample ◽

Spatio Temporal

Abstract Epidemiological studies on the effects of air pollution in Mexico often use the environmental concentrations of monitors closest to the home as exposure proxies, yet this approach disregards the space gradients of pollutants and assumes that individuals have no intra-city mobility. Our aim was to develop high-resolution spatial and temporal models for predicting long-term exposure to PM2.5 and NO2 in a population of ~ 16 500 participants from the Mexican Teachers’ Cohort study. We geocoded the home and work addresses of participants. Using information from secondary sources on geographic and meteorological variables as well as other pollutants, we fitted two generalized additive models to predict monthly PM2.5 and NO2 concentrations in the 2004–2019 period. The models were evaluated through 10-fold cross validation. Both showed high predictive accuracy with out-of-sample data and no overfitting (CV RMSE = 0.102 for PM2.5 and CV RMSE = 4.497 for NO2). Participants were exposed to a monthly average of 24.38 (6.78) µg/m3 of PM2.5 and 28.21 (8.00) ppb of NO2 during the study period. These models offer a solid alternative for estimating PM2.5 and NO2 exposure with high spatio-temporal resolution for epidemiological studies in the Valle de México region.

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Suicidal Behavior in German Adolescents

Zeitschrift für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie ◽

10.1024/1422-4917/a000331 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 39-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Joana Straub ◽

Ferdinand Keller ◽

Nina Sproeber ◽

Michael G. Koelch ◽

Paul L. Plener

Keyword(s):

Suicidal Behavior ◽

Suicide Attempts ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Present Sample ◽

Manic Symptoms ◽

Symptoms Of Depression ◽

Adolescent Sample ◽

History Of ◽

Sum Scores

Objective: Research in adults has identified an association between bipolar disorder and suicidal behavior. This relationship, however, has been insufficiently investigated in adolescents to date. Methods: 1,117 adolescents from 13 German schools (mean age = 14.83, SD = .63; 52.7% females) completed an extended German version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), which assesses depressive and manic symptoms during the last week, as well as the Self-Harm Behavior Questionnaire (SHBQ) for the assessment of lifetime suicidal behavior. Results: In the present sample 39.4% of the girls and 23.1% of the boys reported lifetime suicidal thoughts and 7.1% of the girls as well as 3.9% of the boys a lifetime history of suicide attempts. 18.7% of the adolescent sample revealed elevated symptoms of depression and 9% elevated levels of mania symptoms. Elevated sum scores of depression and mania were associated with a higher number of suicidal ideations and suicide attempts. A block-wise regression analysis revealed that sum scores of depression and mania predicted suicidal ideations best. Concerning suicide attempts, the best predictors were age as well as depression and mania sum scores. Conclusions: Suicidal behavior was reported more often when adolescents demonstrate symptoms of mania as well as symptoms of depression than when they demonstrate only depressive symptoms. The presence of bipolar symptoms in adolescents should alert clinicians to the heightened possibility of suicidal behavior.

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Zur Anwendung der CES-D bei älteren Menschen: Dimensionsstruktur und Meßartefakte

Diagnostica ◽

10.1026//0012-1924.46.1.29 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 29-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Herbert Matschinger ◽

Astrid Schork ◽

Steffi G. Riedel-Heller ◽

Matthias C. Angermeyer

Keyword(s):

Mental State ◽

Latent Class ◽

Mini Mental State Examination ◽

Depression Scale ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Partial Credit ◽

Examination Score ◽

State Examination

Zusammenfassung. Beim Einsatz der Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) stellt sich das Problem der Dimensionalität des Instruments, dessen Lösung durch die Konfundierung eines Teilkonstruktes (“Wohlbefinden”) mit Besonderheiten der Itemformulierung Schwierigkeiten bereitet, da Antwortartefakte zu erwarten sind. Dimensionsstruktur und Eignung der CES-D zur Erfassung der Depression bei älteren Menschen wurden an einer Stichprobe von 663 über 75-jährigen Teilnehmern der “Leipziger Langzeitstudie in der Altenbevölkerung” untersucht. Da sich die Annahme der Gültigkeit eines partial-credit-Rasch-Modells sowohl für die Gesamtstichprobe als auch für eine Teilpopulation als zu restriktiv erwies, wurde ein 3- bzw. 4-Klassen-latent-class-Modell für geordnete Kategorien berechnet und die 4-Klassen-Lösung als den Daten angemessen interpretiert: Drei Klassen zeigten sich im Sinne des Konstrukts “Depression” geordnet, eine Klasse enthielt jene Respondenten, deren Antwortmuster auf ein Antwortartefakt hinwiesen. In dieser Befragtenklasse wird der Depressionsgrad offensichtlich überschätzt. Zusammenhänge mit Alter und Mini-Mental-State-Examination-Score werden dargestellt. Nach unseren Ergebnissen muß die CES-D in einer Altenbevölkerung mit Vorsicht eingesetzt werden, der Summenscore sollte nicht verwendet werden.

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