scholarly journals Anomalous Thermo-osmotic Conversion Performance of Ionic Covalent-Organic-Framework Membranes in Response to Charge Variations

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Sun ◽  
Weipeng Xian ◽  
Xiuhui Zuo ◽  
Changjia Zhu ◽  
Qing Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Nanoporous Membranes ◽  
Power Extraction ◽  
Membrane Charge ◽  
Salinity Difference

Abstract The development of efficient thermo-osmotic energy conversion devices has fascinated scientists and engineers for several decades in terms of satisfying the growing energy demand. The fabrication of ionic membranes with a high charge population is known to be a critical factor in the design of high-performance power generators for achieving high permselectivity and, consequently, high power extraction efficiency. Herein, we experimentally demonstrated that the thermo-osmotic energy conversion efficiency was improved by increasing the membrane charge density; however, this enhancement occurred only within a narrow window and subsequently exhibited a plateau over a threshold density. The complex interplay between pore−pore interactions and fluid structuration for ion transport across the upscaled nanoporous membranes helped explain the obtained results with the aid of numerical simulations. Consequently, the power generation efficiency of the multipore membrane deteriorated, deviating considerably from the case of simple linear extrapolation of the behavior of the single-pore counterparts. A plateau in the output electric power was observed at a moderate charge density, affording a value of 210 W m−2 at a 50-fold salinity difference with a temperature gradient of 40 K. This study has far-reaching implications for discerning an optimal range of membrane charge populations for augmenting the energy extraction, rather than intuitively focusing on achieving high densities.

TiO2 cement for high-performance dye-sensitized solar cells

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (87) ◽  
pp. 83802-83807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Hou ◽  
Shuang Yang ◽  
Chunzhong Li ◽  
Huijun Zhao ◽  
Hua Gui Yang
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Degussa P25 ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells

An energy conversion efficiency of 8.31% is reached by using a cemented photoanode for dye-sensitized solar cells, attaining a 31.1% improvement over the standard Degussa P25 sample.

Hierarchical Sheet-on-Sheet Heterojunction Array of β-Ni(OH)2/Fe(OH)3 Self-Supporting Anode for Effective Overall Alkaline Water Splitting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoqiang Wu ◽  
Zhaohui Yang ◽  
Xiaoping Dai ◽  
Xueli Yin ◽  
Yonghao Gan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Noble Metal ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Alkaline Water ◽  
Supporting Anode

Rationally designing high-performance non-noble metal electrocatalyst is of essence to improve energy conversion efficiency in water splitting. Herein, an unique 3D hierarchical sheet-on-sheet heterojunction between Fe(OH)3 and β-Ni(OH)2 on pretreated...

scholarly journals High-Performance Triboelectric Devices via Dielectric Polarization: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Minsoo P. Kim ◽  
Doo-Seung Um ◽  
Young-Eun Shin ◽  
Hyunhyub Ko
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Charge Density ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Surface Charge Density ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Relative Dielectric Constant ◽  
Interfacial Polarization ◽  
Surface Functional Group ◽  
Dielectric Polarization

AbstractEnergy harvesting devices based on the triboelectric effect have attracted great attention because of their higher output performance compared to other nanogenerators, which have been utilized in various wearable applications. Based on the working mechanism, the triboelectric performance is mainly proportional to the surface charge density of the triboelectric materials. Various approaches, such as modification of the surface functional group and dielectric composition of the triboelectric materials, have been employed to enhance the surface charge density, leading to improvements in triboelectric performances. Notably, tuning the dielectric properties of triboelectric materials can significantly increase the surface charge density because the surface charge is proportional to the relative permittivity of the triboelectric material. The relative dielectric constant is modified by dielectric polarization, such as electronic, vibrational (or atomic), orientation (or dipolar), ionic, and interfacial polarization. Therefore, such polarization represents a critical factor toward improving the dielectric constant and consequent triboelectric performance. In this review, we summarize the recent insights on the improvement of triboelectric performance via enhanced dielectric polarization.

Molten salts promoting the “controlled carbonization” of waste polyesters into hierarchically porous carbon for high-performance solar steam evaporation

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (40) ◽  
pp. 22912-22923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boyi Zhang ◽  
Changyuan Song ◽  
Chang Liu ◽  
Jiakang Min ◽  
Jalal Azadmanjiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Hierarchically Porous ◽  
High Evaporation Rate

Hierarchically porous carbon is synthesized from PET using ZnCl2/NaCl, exhibiting a high evaporation rate (1.68 kg m−2 h−1) and energy conversion efficiency (97%).

Tailoring Membrane Nanostructure and Charge Density for High Electrokinetic Energy Conversion Efficiency

ACS Nano ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 2415-2423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofie Haldrup ◽  
Jacopo Catalano ◽  
Mogens Hinge ◽  
Grethe V. Jensen ◽  
Jan S. Pedersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency

scholarly journals Energy analysis of broiler chicken production system with darkhouse installation

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 648-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus C. Mattioli ◽  
Alessandro T. Campos ◽  
Tadayuki Yanagi Junior ◽  
Diego B. Marin ◽  
Tony M. C. Eugênio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Production System ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Efficiency Coefficient

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the sustainability of a broiler chicken production system, with confinement in Darkhouse sheds, by energetic analysis. Energy flows of a complete production cycle, 56 days, were considered, of which the energy inputs and outputs were computed in direct and indirect forms, by estimating the energy coming from the quantity of feed, water, machinery and equipment, human labor, sheds, silos, among other components of the productive system, multiplied by their respective energetic coefficients. The total energy demand of a system in a production cycle for the production of 1 kg of live chicken and its energy efficiency coefficient were determined. The studied system had energy conversion coefficient of 95%, demonstrating that the production model has high energy conversion efficiency and fits a sustainable model. On average, 37.55 MJ kg-1 of live chicken were necessary. The main limiting point of the system corresponded to the energy consumed in the form of feed, with 75% of the total direct energy.

Fabrication of a high-performance dye-sensitized solar cell with 12.8% conversion efficiency using organic silyl-anchor dyes

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (29) ◽  
pp. 6315-6317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Kakiage ◽  
Yohei Aoyama ◽  
Toru Yano ◽  
Keiji Oya ◽  
Toru Kyomen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
High Light ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cell ◽  
Metal Free ◽  
Dye Sensitized

A dye-sensitized solar cell co-photosensitized with metal-free organic silyl-anchor dyes exhibited a high light-to-electric energy conversion efficiency of 12.8% under one sun conditions.

Controlled exposure of CuO thin films through corrosion-protecting, ALD-deposited TiO2 overlayers

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Mehrabi ◽  
Caroline G. Eddy ◽  
Thomas I. Hollis ◽  
Jalyn N. Vance ◽  
Robert H. Coridan
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Parallel Optimization ◽  
Transfer Resistance ◽  
Thin Film Coatings ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Protection Layer

Abstract Ultra-thin film coatings are used to protect semiconductor photoelectrodes from the harsh chemical environments common to photoelectrochemical energy conversion. These layers add contact transfer resistance to the interface that can result in a reduction of photoelectrochemical energy conversion efficiency of the photoelectrode. Here, we describe the concept of a partial protection layer, which allows for direct chemical access to a small fraction of the semiconductor underlayer for further functionalization by an electrocatalyst. The rest of the interface remains protected by a stable, inert protection layer. CuO is used as a model system for this scheme. Atomic layer deposition (ALD)-prepared TiO2 layers on CuO thin films prepared from electrodeposited Cu2O allow for the control of interfacial morphology to intentionally expose the CuO underlayer. The ALD-TiO2 overlayer shrinks during crystallization, while Cu2O in the underlayer expands during oxidation. As a result, the TiO2 protection layer cracks to expose the oxidized underlying CuO layer, which can be controlled by preceding thermal oxidation. This work demonstrates a potentially promising strategy for the parallel optimization of photoelectrochemical interfaces for chemical stability and high performance.

High-performance solar vapor generation by sustainable biomimetic snake-scale-like porous carbon

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 5522-5532
Author(s):  
Ning Liu ◽  
Liang Hao ◽  
Boyi Zhang ◽  
Ran Niu ◽  
Jiang Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Porous Carbon ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Evaporation Rate ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Vapor Generation ◽  
High Evaporation Rate

Snake-scale-like porous carbon is synthesized from polycarbonate waste, and exhibits high evaporation rate (1.58 kg m−2 h−1) and energy conversion efficiency (91%).

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