scholarly journals Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteremia Due to Central Venous Catheter Infection: A Clinical Comparison of Infections Caused by Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Susceptible Strains

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuhiro Ishikawa ◽  
Keichi Furukawa ◽  
Eri Hoshino
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Septic Shock ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Central Venous Catheter ◽  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Background Characteristics ◽  
Central Venous

Abstract Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) bacteremia has a mortality rate ranging from 20-40%. Central venous catheter (CVC) infection is the leading cause of S.aureus bacteremia. We investigated the differences in background characteristics, complications, and prognosis between patients with methicillin resistant S.aureus (MRSA) and methicillin sensitive S.aureus (MSSA) bacteremia due to CVC infection.Methods: We retrospectively investigated patients who had positive peripheral blood cultures versus positive semi-quantitative cultures for MRSA or MSSA from the CVC tip. We compared the clinical background characteristics, complications, and 60-day mortality rates between both groups. We analyzed our data using Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, and Fisher’s exact test.Results: This study had 17 (47%) and 19 (53%) MRSA and MSSA bacteremia patients, respectively. The median ages for MRSA and MSSA patients were 72 ± 27 and 55 ± 33 years, respectively (P<0.01). Comparison between baseline disease occurrence (MRSA vs. MSSA) was 10(59%) patients vs. 3(16%) patients (P=0.01), while complications included septic shock were 8(48%) vs. 3(16%) (P=0.07), respectively. The duration of catheter placement, time lag from onset of fever to CVC removal, and time lag from onset of fever to starting antimicrobial therapy were similar in both groups. Sixty-day mortality rates were 35%(6/17) vs. 5.3%(1/19), (P=0.04), in MRSA vs. MSSA groups, respectively. Conclusions: MRSA carriers and older patients were at a higher risk of MRSA CVC infection compared to MSSA bacteremia patients. MRSA bacteremia patients showed relatively higher rate of septic shock, and had significantly higher 60-day mortality rate despite appropriate antimicrobial therapy.

scholarly journals Central venous catheter colonization with Staphylococcus aureus is not always an indication for antimicrobial therapy

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 877-882 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Muñoz ◽  
A. Fernández Cruz ◽  
R. Usubillaga ◽  
A. Zorzano ◽  
M. Rodríguez-Créixems ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Central Venous Catheter ◽  
Antimicrobial Therapy ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Catheter Colonization ◽  
Central Venous

High success rate in salvage of catheter-related bloodstream infections due to Staphylococcus aureus, on behalf of project group of Italian society of nephrology

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 336-341
Author(s):  
Salvatore Mandolfo ◽  
Adriano Anesi ◽  
Milena Maggio ◽  
Vanina Rognoni ◽  
Franco Galli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Central Venous Catheter ◽  
Prognostic Index ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Central Venous Catheters ◽  
Catheter Removal ◽  
Renal Unit ◽  
Chronic Haemodialysis ◽  
Central Venous

Background: Catheter-related bloodstream infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus represent one of the most fearful infections in chronic haemodialysis patients with tunnelled central venous catheters. Current guidelines suggest prompt catheter removal in patients with positive blood cultures for S. aureus. This manoeuvre requires inserting a new catheter into the same vein or another one and is not without its risks. Methods: A protocol based on early, prompt diagnosis and treatment has been utilized in our renal unit since 2012 in an attempt to salvage infected tunnelled central venous catheters. We prospectively observed 247 tunnelled central venous catheters in 173 haemodialysis patients involving 167,511 catheter days. Results: We identified 113 catheter-related bloodstream infections (0.67 episodes per 1000 days/tunnelled central venous catheter). Forty were caused by S. aureus, including 19 by methicillin-resistant S. aureus (79% saved) and 21 by methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (90% saved), of which 34 (85%) were treated successfully. Eight recurrences occurred and six (75%) were successfully treated. A greater than 12 h time to blood culture positivity for S. aureus was a good prognostic index for successful therapy and tunnelled central venous catheter rescue. Conclusion: Our data lead us to believe that it is possible to successfully treat catheter-related bloodstream infection caused by S. aureus and to avoid removing the tunnelled central venous catheter in many more cases than what has been reported in the literature. On the third day, it is mandatory to decide whether to replace the tunnelled central venous catheter or to carry on with antibiotic therapy. Apyrexia and amelioration of laboratory parameters suggest continuing systemic and antibiotic lock therapy for no less than 4 weeks, otherwise, tunnelled central venous catheter removal is recommended.

Intraperitoneal vancomycin treatment of multifocal methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus osteomyelitis in a patient on peritoneal dialysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 77 (21) ◽  
pp. 1746-1750
Author(s):  
Qassim Abid ◽  
Basim Asmar ◽  
Edward Kim ◽  
Leah Molloy ◽  
Melissa Gregory ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Central Venous Catheter ◽  
Shoulder Joint ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Left Shoulder ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

Abstract Purpose We report the case of a 2-year-old girl with end-stage renal disease managed by peritoneal dialysis (PD) who developed methicillin-resistant staphylococcal osteomyelitis of the left shoulder and was successfully treated with intraperitoneal (IP) administration of vancomycin for 2 weeks followed by oral clindamycin therapy. Summary The patient was hospitalized with tactile fever and a 3-day history of worsening fussiness. Radiography of the left shoulder showed findings indicative of osteomyelitis. Vancomycin was administered via central venous line for 3 days, during which time the patient underwent PD 24 hours a day. After magnetic resonance imaging revealed proximal humeral osteomyelitis, septic arthritis of the shoulder joint, and osteomyelitis of the scapula, the patient underwent incision and drainage of the left shoulder joint. Both blood and joint drainage cultures grew methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus that was sensitive to vancomycin. The patient’s central venous catheter was removed on hospital day 4; due to difficulties with peripheral i.v. access and a desire to avoid placing a peripherally inserted central venous catheter, vancomycin administration was changed to the IP route, with vancomycin added to the PD fluid. During IP treatment, serum vancomycin levels were maintained at 13.5 to 18.5 mg/L, and the calculated ratio of vancomycin area under the curve to minimum inhibitory concentration was maintained above 400. After completing a 14-day course of IP vancomycin therapy, the patient was switched to oral clindamycin, with subsequent complete resolution of osteomyelitis. Conclusion IP vancomycin was effective for treatment of invasive S. aureus infection in this case. This approach should be considered in patients undergoing PD for whom peripheral i.v. access options are limited and/or not preferred.

scholarly journals In vivo development of heterogeneous glycopeptide-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (hGISA), GISA and daptomycin resistance in a patient with meticillin-resistant S. aureus endocarditis

2009 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Kirby ◽  
Kavya Mohandas ◽  
Caroline Broughton ◽  
Timothy J. Neal ◽  
Godfrey W. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Central Venous Catheter ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Glycopeptide Resistance ◽  
Mrsa Infection ◽  
Central Venous Catheter Infection

We report a patient who developed a meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) central venous catheter infection complicated by infective endocarditis. The patient was initially treated with glycopeptides, which led to the development of heterogeneous glycopeptide resistance, the detection of which required the use of a macro Etest screening test. Subsequently, the causative strain, confirmed by PFGE as a UK epidemic MRSA-15, was treated with daptomycin, and again resistance developed in vivo. The development in vivo of resistance to both these agents suggests that the resistance mechanisms may be associated. We suggest that the clinician managing MRSA infection should anticipate daptomycin resistance when reduced glycopeptide susceptibility is detected.

scholarly journals Utilization Patterns and Outcomes Associated With Central Venous Catheter in Septic Shock

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1450-1457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan J. Walkey ◽  
Renda Soylemez Wiener ◽  
Peter K. Lindenauer
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Central Venous Catheter ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Utilization Patterns

Use of Maximal Sterile Barrier Precautions and/or Antimicrobial-Coated Catheters to Reduce the Risk of Central Venous Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infection

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 947-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duk-hee Lee ◽  
Koo Young Jung ◽  
Yoon-Hee Choi
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Central Venous Catheter ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Bloodstream Infection ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Catheter Related Bloodstream Infection

Central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection is clinically important because of its high mortality rate. This prospective study shows by multivariate analysis that the use of maximal sterile barrier precautions (odds ratio, 5.205 [95% confidence interval, 0.015-1.136]; P= .023) and the use of antimicrobial-coated catheters (odds ratio, 5.269 [95% confidence interval, 0.073-0.814]; P = .022) are independent factors associated with a lowered risk of acquiring a central venous catheter-related bloodstream infection.

Risk Factors for Colonization or Infection Due to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in HIV-Positive Patients A Retrospective Case-Control Study

1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (01) ◽  
pp. 26-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Onorato ◽  
Michael J. Borucki ◽  
Gwen Baillargeon ◽  
David P. Paar ◽  
Daniel H. Freeman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Central Venous Catheter ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Hospital Days ◽  
Control Study

AbstractObjective:To determine the risk factors for colonization or infection with methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusin human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients.Design:Retrospective matched-pair case-control study.Setting:Continuity clinic and inpatient HIV service of a university medical center.Population:Patients with HIV infection from the general population of eastern and coastal Texas and from the Texas Department of Criminal Justice.Data Collection:Patient charts and the AIDS Care and Clinical Research Program Database were reviewed for the following: age, race, number of admissions, total hospital days, presence of a central venous catheter, serum albumin, total white blood cell count and absolute neutrophil count, invasive or surgical procedures, any cultures positive forS aureus, and a history of opportunistic illnesses, diabetes, or dermatologie diagnoses. Data also were collected on the administration of antibiotics, antiretroviral therapy, steroids, cancer chemotherapy, and subcutaneous medications.Results:In the univariate analysis, the presence of a central venous catheter, an underlying dermatologie disease, lower serum albumin, prior steroid therapy, and prior antibiotic therapy, particularly antistaphylococcal therapy or multiple courses of antibiotics, were associated with increased risk for colonization or infection with methicillin-resistantS aureus. Multivariate analysis yielded a model that included presence of a central venous catheter, underlying dermatologie disease, broad-spectrum antibiotic exposure, and number of hospital days as independent risk factors for colonization or infection with methicillin-resistantS aureus.Conclusions:In our HIV-infected patient population, prior hospitalization, exposure to broad-spectrum antibiotics, presence of a central venous catheter, and dermatologie disease were risk factors for acquisition of methicillin-resistantS aureus

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