scholarly journals The Association Between Dietary Antioxidants Intakes and The Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvin Mirmiran ◽  
Firoozeh Hosseini-Esfahani ◽  
Zohreh Esfandiar ◽  
Somayeh Hosseinpour-Niazi ◽  
Fereidoun Azizi
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression

Abstract Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death worldwide, is the collective term/compound name for disorders afflicting the blood vessels and heart that accounts for 17.9 million deaths in 2016 1. Inflammation and enhanced oxidative stress have been shown as fundamental risk factors in the onset and progression of CVD 2. Chronic inflammatory conditions attenuate blood levels of antioxidants because of the continuous generation of elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). A sufficient intake of antioxidants is also suggested to beneficially interfere with CVD by quenching ROS 3. Antioxidant vitamins and minerals, such as vitamins A, E, and C, and zinc may slow the development and progression of CVD Aim: This study aimed at investigating the association between daily consumption of dietary vitamins A, E, and C, and zinc and the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD).Methods: Eligible adults (n=5102) were selected from the participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study with an average follow-up of 5.3 years. Dietary intakes were assessed using a valid and reliable semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometrics and biochemical variables were evaluated at baseline and follow-up examinations. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate the development of CVD associated with total intakes of vitamins A, E, and C, and zinc.Results: This study was conducted on 2,253 men and 2,849 women aged 47.0±11.6 and 45.6±10.5 years, respectively. The main sources of dietary vitamins A, E, and C and zinc were fruits, vegetables, and legumes. Risk of CVD decreased from quartile 1 to quartile 4 for vitamin E intake (HR (95% CI): 1.00, 0.91, 0.77, and 0.57; Ptrend=0.03). The association between risk of CVD and the quartiles of vitamins A and C and zinc intake was not significant.Conclusion: Our study suggested an inverse association between vitamin E intake and the risk of CVD. The results emphasized a potential protective role of its dietary sources in the prevention of CVD.

scholarly journals The association of dietary antioxidants intake with the risk of cardiovascular disease: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvin Mirmiran ◽  
Zohreh Esfandiar ◽  
Firoozeh Hosseini-Esfahani ◽  
somayeh Hosseinpour-Niazi ◽  
Fereidoun Azizi
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression

Abstract Aim: This study investigated the association between daily consumption of dietary vitamins A, E, C and zinc and the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: Eligible adults (n=5102) were selected from among participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study with an average follow-up of 5.3 years. Dietary intakes were assessed using a valid and reliable semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometrics and biochemical variables were evaluated at baseline and follow-up examinations. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate the development of CVD in relation to total intakes of vitamins A, E, C and zinc. Results: This study was conducted on 2253 men and 2849 women, aged 47.0±11.6 and 45.6±10.5 years, respectively. Main source of dietary vitamins A, E, C and zinc was fruits, vegetables and legumes in our study. Risk of CVD decreased from quartiles 1 to 4 for vitamin E intake (HR (95% CI): 1.00, 0.91, 0.77, 0.57, P trend =0.03). The association between risk of CVD and the quartiles of vitamin A, vitamin C and zinc intake was not significant. Conclusion : Our study suggests an inverse association between vitamin E intake and the risk of CVD, results emphasizing the potential protective role of fruits and vegetables in the prevention of CVD.

scholarly journals The association between dietary antioxidants intakes and the risk of cardiovascular disease: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvin Mirmiran ◽  
Zohreh Esfandiar ◽  
Firoozeh Hosseini-Esfahani ◽  
somayeh Hosseinpour-Niazi ◽  
Fereidoun Azizi
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression

Abstract Aim: This study aimed at investigating the association between daily consumption of dietary vitamins A, E, and C, and zinc and the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: Eligible adults (n=5102) were selected from the participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study with an average follow-up of 5.3 years. Dietary intakes were assessed using a valid and reliable semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometrics and biochemical variables were evaluated at baseline and follow-up examinations. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate the development of CVD associated with total intakes of vitamins A, E, and C, and zinc. Results: This study was conducted on 2,253 men and 2,849 women aged 47.0±11.6 and 45.6±10.5 years, respectively. The main sources of dietary vitamins A, E, and C and zinc were fruits, vegetables, and legumes. Risk of CVD decreased from quartile 1 to quartile 4 for vitamin E intake (HR (95% CI): 1.00, 0.91, 0.77, and 0.57; P trend =0.03). The association between risk of CVD and the quartiles of vitamins A and C and zinc intake was not significant. Conclusion : Our study suggested an inverse association between vitamin E intake and the risk of CVD. The results emphasized a potential protective role of its dietary sources in the prevention of CVD.

scholarly journals Dietary Antioxidant Vitamins and Minerals and Breast Cancer Risk: Prospective Results from the SUN Cohort

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 340
Author(s):  
Cesar I. Fernandez-Lazaro ◽  
Miguel Ángel Martínez-González ◽  
Inmaculada Aguilera-Buenosvinos ◽  
Alfredo Gea ◽  
Miguel Ruiz-Canela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Dietary Intakes

There is growing interest in natural antioxidants and their potential effects on breast cancer (BC). Epidemiological evidence, however, is inconsistent. We prospectively evaluated the association between dietary intake of vitamins A, C, and E, selenium, and zinc and BC among 9983 female participants from the SUN Project, a Mediterranean cohort of university graduates. Participants completed a food frequency questionnaire at baseline, and biennial follow-up information about incident BC diagnosis was collected. Cases were ascertained through revision of medical charts and consultation of the National Death Index. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). During an average follow-up of 11.3 years, 107 incident BC cases were confirmed. The multivariable HRs (95% CI) for BC comparing extreme tertiles of energy-adjusted dietary intakes were 1.07 (0.64–1.77; Ptrend = 0.673) for vitamin A, 1.00 (0.58–1.71; Ptrend = 0.846) for vitamin C, 0.92 (0.55–1.54; Ptrend = 0.728) for vitamin E, 1.37 (0.85–2.20; Ptrend = 0.135) for selenium, and 1.01 (0.61–1.69; Ptrend = 0.939) for zinc. Stratified analyses showed an inverse association between vitamin E intake and postmenopausal BC (HRT3 vs. T1 = 0.35; 95% CI, 0.14–0.86; Ptrend = 0.027). Our results did not suggest significant protective associations between dietary vitamins A, C, and E, selenium, or zinc and BC risk.

The Role of Folate, Antioxidant Vitamins and other Constituents in Fruit and Vegetables in the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: The Epidemiological Evidence

2001 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Eichholzer ◽  
Jürg Lüthy ◽  
Felix Gutzwiller ◽  
Hannes B. Stähelin
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Antioxidant Vitamins ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Intervention Trials

Evidence that fruit and vegetables may protect against coronary heart disease is accumulating. It is unclear which constituents of fruit and vegetables are responsible for this protective effect. Folate as a co-substrate in homocysteine metabolism may be important. An intake of about 400 mug folate equivalents/day seems to be required to achieve stable low homocysteine blood levels. Five of eight epidemiologic studies show significant inverse associations between folate and cardiovascular disease. These associations could be confounded by antioxidant vitamins and/or other substances. In trials examining an association between folate and cardiovascular disease such confounding must be excluded, before specific recommendations can be given. Observational studies suggest that vitamin C plays a role in the aetiology of cardiovascular disease, but there are no completed intervention trials of this vitamin alone. With regard to vitamin E two cohort studies point to cardiovascular benefits with the long-term use of supplements of at least 100 IU/day, but the results of controlled trials are inconclusive. There is some evidence from observational studies of an inverse association between beta-carotene and cardiovascular disease, particularly in smokers. Intervention trials do not support this hypothesis, rather, they suggest a possible harmful effect of beta-carotene supplements in smokers. Nevertheless, protective effects of beta-carotene and vitamin E in different dosages, durations of administration, or different combinations, are still possible. The last paragraph of this review discusses limitations of the present and priorities of future research.

P3425Alpha-linolenic acid may lower the rate of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in subjects with a low intake of marine n-3 fatty acids

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C S Bork ◽  
S K Venoe ◽  
A N Lasota ◽  
S Lundbye-Christensen ◽  
A Tjoenneland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Large Artery ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Multivariable Analyses ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression

Abstract Introduction Previous studies investigating the association between intake of the plant-derived n-3 fatty acid alpha-linolenic and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) have shown conflicting results. However, the effect of ALA intake on ASCVD may depend on the intake of marine n-3 fatty acids. Purpose We aimed to explore the association between ALA intake and risk of ASCVD in subjects consuming below and above the 10th percentile of marine n-3 fatty acids, respectively. Methods We followed men and women enrolled into the Danish Diet, Cancer and Health cohort (n=57.053) by linkage with nationwide registers and identified all incident ASCVD cases. All participants were aged 50 to 65 years at baseline. ASCVD was defined as the first registration of myocardial infarction, peripheral artery disease or ischemic stroke due to large artery atherosclerosis or small-vessel occlusions. Intake of ALA and marine n-3 fatty acids was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire and expressed as energy-adjusted intake. Statistical analyses were conducted using Cox proportional hazard regression. Results During a median of 13.4 years of follow-up, we identified a total of 3958 incident ASCVD cases including 366 cases among subjects in the lowest 10th percentile of consumption of marine n-3 fatty acids (<252 mg/day). In multivariable analyses, we found a statistically significant inverse association between ALA modelled as a restricted cubic spline and the rate of ASCVD (p=0.005) in subjects with a low intake of marine n-3 fatty acids, whereas no statistically significant association was found between ALA intake and ASCVD in subjects with a higher intake of marine n-3 fatty acids (p=0.155) (Figure). Conclusion Intake of ALA may be associated with a lower rate of ASCVD in subjects with a low intake of marine n-3 fatty acids. Acknowledgement/Funding The Danish Heart Foundation (17-R115-A7415-22060), Helene and Georg Jensens and Ethel Merethe and Christian Pontoppidan's Fund.

Tea consumption and the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: The China-PAR project

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (18) ◽  
pp. 1956-1963 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyan Wang ◽  
Fangchao Liu ◽  
Jianxin Li ◽  
Xueli Yang ◽  
Jichun Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Tea Consumption ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
Disease Mortality ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression ◽  
Study Participants

Aims The role of tea consumption in the primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease remains unclear in cohort studies. This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the associations of tea consumption with the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. Methods We included 100,902 general Chinese adults from the project of Prediction for ASCVD Risk in China (China-PAR) in 15 provinces across China since 1998. Information on tea consumption was collected through standardized questionnaires. Outcomes were identified by interviewing study participants or their proxies, and checking hospital records and/or death certificates. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios and their corresponding 95% confidence intervals related to tea consumption. Results During a median follow-up of 7.3 years, 3683 atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events, 1477 atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease deaths, and 5479 all-cause deaths were recorded. Compared with never or non-habitual tea drinkers, the hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval among habitual tea drinkers was 0.80 (0.75–0.87), 0.78 (0.69–0.88), and 0.85 (0.79–0.90) for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease incidence, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease mortality, and all-cause mortality, respectively. Habitual tea drinkers had 1.41 years longer of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease-free years and 1.26 years longer of life expectancy at the index age of 50 years. The observed inverse associations were strengthened among participants who kept the habit during the follow-up period. Conclusion Tea consumption was associated with reduced risks of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality, especially among those consistent habitual tea drinkers.

scholarly journals Renal Dysfunction, Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Martins ◽  
Chizobam Ani ◽  
Deyu Pan ◽  
Omolola Ogunyemi ◽  
Keith Norris
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Disease Mortality ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Background. Renal disease is commonly described as a complication of metabolic syndrome (MetS) but some recent studies suggest that Chronic Kidney disease (CKD) may actually antecede MetS. Few studies have explored the predictive utility of co-clustering CKD with MetS for cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality.Methods. Data from a nationally representative sample of United States adults (NHANES) was utilized. A sample of 13115 non-pregnant individuals aged years, with available follow-up mortality assessment was selected. Multivariable Cox Proportional hazard regression analysis techniques explored the relationship between co-clustered CKD, MetS and CVD mortality. Bayesian analysis techniques tested the predictive accuracy for CVD Mortality of two models using co-clustered MetS and CKD and MetS alone.Results. Co-clustering early and late CKD respectively resulted in statistically significant higher hazard for CVD mortality (HR = 1.80, CI = 1.45–2.23, and HR = 3.23, CI = 2.56–3.70) when compared with individuals with no MetS and no CKD. A model with early CKD and MetS has a higher predictive accuracy (72.0% versus 67.6%), area under the ROC (0.74 versus 0.66), and Cohen's kappa (0.38 versus 0.21) than that with MetS alone.Conclusion. The study findings suggest that the co-clustering of early CKD with MetS increases the accuracy of risk prediction for CVD mortality.

scholarly journals The association between dietary glycemic and insulin indices with incidence of cardiovascular disease: Tehran lipid and glucose study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farshad Teymoori ◽  
Hossein Farhadnejad ◽  
Parvin Mirmiran ◽  
Milad Nazarzadeh ◽  
Fereidoun Azizi
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Glycemic Indices ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression

Abstract Background The present study was conducted to investigate the association of dietary insulin index(II), insulin load(IL), glycemic index(GI), and glycemic load(GL) with the risk of cardiovascular disease(CVD). Methods This cohort study was conducted within the framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study on 2198 subjects, aged≥19 years old, who were followed-up for a median (IQR) 6.7 (6.1–7.1) years. Dietary GI, GL, II, and IL were calculated using a food frequency questionnaire at the baseline. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate the risk of CVD across quartiles of dietary insulin and glycemic indices. Results Mean ± SD age of the subjects(44.9% men) was 38.3 ± 13.4 years. During a mean of 2406 ± 417 person-years of follow-up, 76(3.5%) new cases of the CVD were ascertained. The mean ± SD of II, IL, GI, and GL of participants were 51.7 ± 6.5, 235.8 ± 90.2, 61.9 ± 7.8, and 202.2 ± 78.1, respectively. After adjusting for the variables of age, sex, smoking, physical activity, daily energy intake, body mass index, diabetes, and hypertension, the hazard ratio (HR) of the highest quartile of dietary GL was 2.77(95%CI:1.00–7.69,P for trend:0.033) compared to the lowest one. Also, each one SD increase in the GL score was associated with a higher risk of CVD[(RR:1.46;CI:1.00–2.16),P-value = 0.047]. However, there was no significant association between the dietary GI, II, and IL and risk for CVD incidence. Conclusions Our results suggested that a high GL diet can increase the incidence of CVD, whereas high dietary II and IL were not associated with the risk of CVD among adults.

scholarly journals Dietary intake and nutritional adequacy prior to conception and during pregnancy: a follow-up study in the north of Portugal

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 922-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabete Pinto ◽  
Henrique Barros ◽  
Isabel dos Santos Silva
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Antenatal Visit ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Nutritional Adequacy

AbstractObjectiveTo assess maternal diet and nutritional adequacy prior to conception and during pregnancy.DesignFollow-up of a cohort of pregnant women with collection of questionnaire data throughout pregnancy and after delivery.SettingAntenatal clinics at two public hospitals in Porto, Portugal.SubjectsTwo hundred and forty-nine pregnant women who reported a gestational age below 13 weeks at the time they attended their first antenatal visit.ResultsIntakes of energy and macronutrients were within recommended levels for most women. Pregnancy was accompanied by increases in the dietary intake of vitamins A and E, riboflavin, folate, Ca and Mg, but declines in the intake of alcohol and caffeine. The micronutrients with higher inadequacy prevalences prior to pregnancy were vitamin E (83 %), folate (58 %) and Mg (19 %). These three micronutrients, together with Fe, were also those with the highest inadequacy prevalences during pregnancy (91 %, 88 %, 73 % and 21 %, respectively, for folate, Fe, vitamin E and Mg). Ninety-seven per cent of the women reported taking supplements of folic acid during the first trimester, but the median gestational age at initiation was 6·5 (interquartile range 5, 9) weeks. Self-reported prevalences of Fe and Mg supplementation were high, and increased throughout pregnancy.ConclusionThe study identified low dietary intakes of vitamin E, folate and Mg both in the preconceptional period and during pregnancy, and low intake of Fe during pregnancy only. The low dietary intake of folate and the late initiation of supplementation indicate that current national guidelines are unlikely to be effective in preventing neural tube defects.

scholarly journals The Association Between Dietary Glycemic and Insulin Indices with Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease: Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farshad Teymoori ◽  
Hossein Farhadnejad ◽  
Parvin Mirmiran ◽  
Fereidoun Azizi ◽  
Milad Nazarzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Glycemic Load ◽  
Proportional Hazard ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Glycemic Indices ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Regression

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to investigate the association of dietary insulin index (II), insulin load (IL), glycemic index (GI), and glycemic load (GL) with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes among adults. Methods This cohort study was conducted within the framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study on 2198 subjects, aged ≥19 years, who were followed-up for a mean of 4.7 years. Dietary GI, GL, II, IL were calculated using a food frequency questionnaire at baseline. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models, adjusted for potential confounders, were used to estimate risk of CVD across quartiles of dietary insulin and glycemic indices. Results Mean±SD age of the study population (44.9% men) was 38.3±13.4 years. During an average of 2406 ± 417 person-years of follow-up, 76 (3.5%) new cases of CVD were ascertained. The Mean±SD of II, IL, GI, and GL of participants were 51.7±6.5, 235.8±90.2, 61.9±7.8, and 202.2±78.1, respectively. After adjusting for age, sex, smoking, physical activity, daily energy intake, body mass index, diabetes, and hypertension, the hazard ratio (HR) of the highest quartile of dietary GL was 2.77 (95%CI:1.00-7.69, P for trend:0.033) compared with the lowest one. However, there was no significant association between dietary GI, II, IL and risk for CVD incident. Conclusions Our findings suggest that high GL diet can increase the incidence of CVD, whereas high dietary II and IL was not associated with risk of CVD among adults.

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