The Impact of Fasting in Ramadan on Metabolic and Anthropometric Indices in Trained Type ΙΙ Diabetic Patients: A Prospective Observational Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayebe Yazdanyar ◽  
Mehrnoush Sohrab ◽  
Atena Ramezani ◽  
Zahra Kashi ◽  
Parastoo Karimi Ali Abadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Ramadan Fasting

Abstract Background: Fasting has certain effects on metabolic and anthropometric parameters in diabetic patients. It is, therefore, necessary for patients to receive proper education related to their physical activities, eating habits, blood glucose monitoring, and medications. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Ramadan fasting on metabolic and anthropometric indices in type ΙΙ diabetic patients.Methods: This prospective observational study was performed during Ramadan 2018. The study population consisted of diabetic patients who desired to fast and received information on physical activity, eating habits, blood glucose monitoring, and taking their medications before Ramadan. Fasting blood sugar (FBS), blood sugar 2-hour postprandial (BS2hpp), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), and the lipids profile were assessed before and after Ramadan month. FBS and BS2hpp were also evaluated on the fifteenth day of Ramadan. The significance level for data analysis was considered p<0.05.Results: Out of 40 diabetic cases who completed the study, 6 (15%) were male and 34 (75%) were female. The mean age of participants was 55.2 ± 9.3 years. The anthropometric variables, including weight, BMI, waist, and blood pressure, decreased significantly after Ramadan fasting (p<0.05). FBS decreased significantly (125.1 ± 27.4 vs 105.2 ± 21.4, p<0.0001) and serum triglyceride increased significantly (127.5 ± 45.5 vs 166.5±53.5 mg/dl, p<0.001) after fasting compared to pre-Ramadan measurement. Other variables remained unchanged.Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that type II diabetic patients who have controlled blood sugar and received information based on clinical guidelines about their lifestyle and medications can fast safely during the holy month of Ramadan.

scholarly journals The Impact of Fasting on Metabolic and Anthropometric Parameters in Type II Diabetic Patients: A Prospective Observational Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayebeh Yazdanyar ◽  
Mehrnoush Sohrab ◽  
Atena Ramezani ◽  
Parastoo Karimi Aliabadi ◽  
Adele Bahar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters

Introduction: Fasting has certain effects on metabolic and anthropometric parameters in diabetic patients. It is therefore, necessary for patients to receive proper instructions about their physical activities, eating habits, blood glucose monitoring and medications. Aim: To investigate the effects of fasting on metabolic and anthropometric indices in type II diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was performed during Ramadan 2018. The study population consisted of 40 type II diabetic patients (33 females and 7 males) who wished to fast. They started to follow given instructions on their physical activity, eating habits, blood glucose monitoring, and medications before Ramadan. Anthropometric variables were measured pre and post-Ramadan. Fasting Blood/Plasma Glucose (FBG/FPG), Glucose 2 Hour Postprandial (2h PPG), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), and the lipids profile were assessed before and after Ramadan. FPG and 2h PPG were also evaluated on the fifteenth day of Ramadan. Data were presented as mean±SD. Paired t-test was employed and a p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: After completion of the study, anthropometric variables of patients, including weight (74.9±12.7 vs. 73.0±13.1 kg, p<0.001), BMI (29.9±5.2 vs. 29.0±5.1 kg/m2, p=0.042), waist circumference (106.2±11.8 vs. 105.3±11.6 cm, p<0.001), conicity index (9.94±0.96 vs 9.80±0.99, p=0.085), systolic blood pressure (118.5±10.6 vs. 113.8±9.4 mmHg, p=0.018), Diastolic blood pressure (72.0±7.9 vs. 68.3±7.0 mmHg, p=0.02) and FPG (125.1±27.4 vs. 105.2±21.4 mg/dL, p<0.001) decreased significantly. However, serum triglyceride increased significantly (127.5±45.5 vs. 166.5±53.5 mg/dL, p<0.001) after fasting compared to pre-Ramadan measurements. Changes in other variables were not statistically significant. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that fasting had beneficial effect on fasting blood glucose level and anthropometric parameters in type II diabetic patients.

Indole as a new tentative marker in exhaled breath for non-invasive blood glucose monitoring of diabetic subjects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Fink ◽  
Tim Maihöfer ◽  
Jeffrey Bender ◽  
Jochen Schulat
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Glucose Measurement ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Exhaled Breath ◽  
Invasive Approach ◽  
Test Strips ◽  
Non Invasive

Abstract Blood glucose monitoring (BGM) is the most important part of diabetes management. In classical BGM, glucose measurement by test strips involves invasive finger pricking. We present results of a clinical study that focused on a non-invasive approach based on volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath. Main objective was the discovery of markers for prediction of blood glucose levels (BGL) in diabetic patients. Exhaled breath was measured repeatedly in 60 diabetic patients (30 type 1, 30 type 2) in fasting state and after a standardized meal. Proton Transfer Reaction Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS) was used to sample breath every 15 minutes for a total of six hours. BGLs were tested in parallel via BGM test strips. VOC signals were plotted against glucose trends for each subject to identify correlations. Exhaled indole (a bacterial metabolite of tryptophan) showed significant mean correlation to BGL (with negative trend) and significant individual correlation in 36 patients. The type of diabetes did not affect this result. Additional experiments of one healthy male subject by ingestion of lactulose and 13C-labeled glucose (n=3) revealed that exhaled indole does not directly originate from food digestion by intestinal microbiota. As indole has been linked to human glucose metabolism, it might be a tentative marker in breath for non-invasive BGM. Clinical studies with greater diversity are required for confirmation of such results and further investigation of metabolic pathways.

scholarly journals VP184 A Cost Analysis Of Flash Glucose Monitoring Systems In Veneto Region

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. 235-236
Author(s):  
Alessandro Curto ◽  
Marika Torbol ◽  
Anna Cavazzana ◽  
Margherita Andretta ◽  
Giovanna Scroccaro
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Veneto Region ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Medical App ◽  
The Impact

INTRODUCTION:A novel, sensor-based, factory-calibrated Flash Monitoring System (FMS) has recently proved to be an effective alternative to conventional self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) in patients affected by type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The 14-days adhesive sensor, that continuously measures glucose levels in the interstitial fluid, can transfer glucose levels data to a handheld reader or a smartphone equipped with a specific medical app. The uptake of the new technology has been limited so far, because of its high costs. A cost analysis has been conducted to identify the optimal target population of introducing FSM in Veneto.METHODS:The model was designed with a 1-year time horizon for patients with diabetes using intensive insulin in Veneto region. The costs of the new technology was estimated using inputs from the two main randomized controlled trials (the IMPACT study and the REPLACE study) published in the international literature, Regional evidence-based guidelines and administrative database. Resource utilization included strips, lancets, needles, sensors, distribution and patients training. Regional unit costs were adopted.RESULTS:FSM has not shown so far relevant and statically significant benefits in terms of severe adverse events’ reduction. Estimated yearly costs for a FSM user included glucose monitoring, technology training and distribution costs, for a total of EUR1277 per patient. The new technology has been shown to be affordable in diabetic patients with i) 4years<age<18years, ii) continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and iii) ≥5 blood glucose monitoring per day.CONCLUSIONS:The Veneto Region should carefully consider prescribing extension to other diabetic patients categories, since the high cost of the new technology. A strict prescribing monitoring is strongly recommended with the aim of ensuring appropriateness and avoiding overspending.

Design of Automatic Insulin Dosage Indicator for Diabetic Patients Using BMI

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Kanimozhi R ◽  
Saravanakumar S
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Insulin Dosage ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
Invasive Techniques

Diabetes Mellitus is a serious and chronic health disease. It occurs in all age group of people, especially in adults and aged persons. It is important to measure blood glucose level frequently for the diabetes affected persons which in need to determine the appropriate insulin dosage. Along with this, the continuous glucose monitoring is vital to know whether the glucose level is in normal range. The conventional method used to measure the glucose level in blood is invasive which is infectious and a painful process. Nowadays, the non-invasive blood glucose monitoring methods are widely used. In this work, the blood glucose level is measured non-invasively using IR sensor. Besides that, the indication of insulin dosage to be taken is done by determining blood glucose concentration (non- invasively) and comparing it with Body Mass Index (BMI) of the patient. The implementation is based on the variations in the intensity of the IR LED, BMI and blood density. Themethod ismore reliable than the invasive techniques.

scholarly journals Glycemic deviation index: a novel method of integrating glycemic numerical value and variability

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yizhou Zou ◽  
Wanli Wang ◽  
Dongmei Zheng ◽  
Xu Hou
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Glycemic Variability ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Deviation Index ◽  
Multiple Characteristics ◽  
Novel Method

Abstract Background There are many continuous blood glucose monitoring (CGM) data-based indicators, and most of these focus on a single characteristic of abnormal blood glucose. An ideal index that integrates and evaluates multiple characteristics of blood glucose has not yet been established. Methods In this study, we proposed the glycemic deviation index (GDI) as a novel integrating characteristic, which mainly incorporates the assessment of the glycemic numerical value and variability. To verify its effectiveness, GDI was applied to the simulated 24 h glycemic profiles and the CGM data of type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients (n = 30). Results Evaluation of the GDI of the 24 h simulated glycemic profiles showed that the occurrence of hypoglycemia was numerically the same as hyperglycemia in increasing GDI. Meanwhile, glycemic variability was added as an independent factor. One-way ANOVA results showed that the application of GDI showed statistically significant differences in clinical glycemic parameters, average glycemic parameters, and glycemic variability parameters among the T2D groups with different glycemic levels. Conclusions In conclusion, GDI integrates the characteristics of the numerical value and the variability in blood glucose levels and may be beneficial for the glycemic management of diabetic patients undergoing CGM treatment.

scholarly journals Microfluidic Organ Chip for In Vitro Model of Blood Glucose Monitoring and Regulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 218 ◽  
pp. 04029
Author(s):  
Yingqiang Wu ◽  
Guo Wu ◽  
Pengcheng Fu ◽  
Meng Hu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Blood Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Diabetic Treatment ◽  
Near Future

This study is based on our iGEM (international genetically engineered machine) 2019 competition project in which an in vitro model was established to simulate the human monitoring and regulation of blood glucose level using the “liver-on-a-chip” and a genetically engineered bacterium capable of producing proinsulin efficiently. The microfluidic device is able to accommodate cellular chassis loaded with biological parts for diabetic treatment. In addition, electrochemical biosensors were designed to detect the differential glucose concentration from the both chambers of the organ chip. The model can test different chemicals and organs, when the components in the channels and cells are altered. We have thus accomplished an in vitro model of how the proinsulin generated by engineered bacteria works on liver cells. In the near future, our research paradigm will be shifted to bacterial implantation in the human intestines to replace pancreas for the automatic secretion of insulin for diabetic patients.

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