Liquid-phase Exfoliated Two-dimensional Bi Nanosheet as a Durable Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Abstract Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution is an exercisable way to achieve large-scale application of hydrogen energy. It is of great significance to develop an effect, stable and cost-effective electrocatalyst. Here, we applied the two-dimensional (2D) bismuth (Bi) to the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution, and proposed the strategies to enhance the catalytic performance of the catalyst. The exfoliated Bi nanosheets via sonication assisted liquid-phase exfoliation display higher electrocatalytic activity (overpotential of -958 mV vs RHE at 10 mA cm− 2) compared to the bulk counterpart. Theoretical calculations about Gibbs free energy from the hydrogen adsorption for 1 layer, 2 layers and 5 layers Bi also manifest the decrease of thickness is favorable for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). To further evaluate the electrocatalytic performance of Bi nanosheets, the typical parameters measured in different H+ concentration (C[H+]) are carried out. The improved catalytic activity obtained in 0.5 M H2SO4 is attributed to enhancing the hydrogen adsorption and accelerating the charge transport on the surface of catalyst. Moreover, the durability of Bi nanosheets electrode has been texted, where the current is not evident fluctuation during the 40000 s electrolysis measurement indicating its excellent stability. The present work expands the application of Bi in the catalysis and provides the simple strategies to improve its hydrogen evolution performance.