Association of socioeconomic variables with bullying, being a victim, life dissatisfaction, and poor self-rated health in Iranian children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-V study
Abstract Background Bullying, being a victim of violent behaviors, life satisfaction (LS) and self-rated health (SRH) in children and adolescents, all have consistently been recognized as vital factors in school performance and future individual life. In this study we examined the association of some socioeconomic variables with bullying, being a victim, life dissatisfaction (LDS), and poor self-rated health (SRH) in Iranian children and adolescents.Methods This cross-sectional data secondary study was a part of the fifth Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and Prevention of Adult Non-communicable disease (CASPIAN-V) in 2015. A total of 14,400 students 7-18 years and their parents living in 30 provinces in Iran were studied. A validated questionnaire of the World Health Organization on Global School-based Health Survey (WHO-GSHS) was used to measure the outcomes and socioeconomic variables. Family’s socioeconomic status (SES) was determined using principle component analysis (PCA).The crude and adjusted odds ratios (95%CI) were estimated using multiple logistic regression for each outcome.Results A total of 14,274 students (50.6% boys, 49.4% girls)) completed the study. The prevalence of bullying, being a victim, LDS, and poor SRH was 35.6%, 21.4%, 21.1%, and 19.0% respectively. In multiple-logistic regression analysis, mother illiteracy (versus college degree) increased the odds of bullying (Adj.OR (95%CI), 1.77(1.45-2.16), being a victim (Adj.OR (95%CI),1.58(1.26-1.98), LDS (Adj.OR (95%CI),1.64 (1.30-2.08)) and Poor-SRH (Adj.OR (95%CI), 1.60(1.25-2.04). Students with illiterate father(Adj.OR (95%CI), 1.28(1.03-1.61) or unemployed father (Adj.OR (95%CI),1.58(1.29-1.81)) had a higher odds of Poor-SRH. Moreover, family size > 4 members (Adj.OR (95%CI), 1.14(1.03-1.25), and low-SES (Adj.OR (95%CI), 1.35(1.15-1.56), and illiteracy of mother (Adj.OR (95%CI), 1.64(1.30-2.08) had direct association with LDS. Living in a two- parent family decreased the odds of LDS (Adj.OR (95%CI), 0.76(0.61—0.95).Conclusions Some socioeconomic variables can be proposed as the main attribution of bullying and being a victim, LDS, and Poor-SRH in children and adolescents.