scholarly journals Evaluation of the risk factors of dental caries in children with very low birth weight and normal birth weight

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romana Koberova ◽  
Vladimira Radochova ◽  
Jana Zemankova ◽  
Lenka Ryskova ◽  
Zdeněk Broukal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Proportional Representation ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Health problems of premature infants can affect both general and oral health. The enamel defects, poor dietary and oral hygiene habits may predispose these children to dental caries. This study was conducted to assess the impact of very low birth weight and prematurity on caries risk in early childhood.Methods The study cohort consists of 189 of one year old infants. Anamnestic data were obtained from hospital records, feeding practice, bed-time sugar drinks and oral hygiene onset from questionnaires. Saliva samples of children and their mothers were collected for the detection of cariogenic pathogens.Results VLBW newborns had significantly shorter gestation age (29.6 vs. 38.8)) and lower mean birthweight (1124g vs 3315g) compared to NBW ones (p<0.0001). Statistical significance has been found in the presence of early morbidity (p<0.0001) and regular medication intake (p=0.007). VLBW children got more frequently sweetened drinks during the day and night (p=0.007). Regular oral hygiene practice was more frequent in full term group (p=0.002). There was statistical difference in the presence of enamel hypoplasia in VLBW children (p=0.033) but no statistical difference in the presence of hypomineralization (p=0.0736) in comparison to NBW individuals. Proportional representation and count of S. mutans did not reveal statistical difference neither in both groups of children (p=0.484) nor in both groups of mothers (p=0.385).Conclusions The study confirmed anamnestic and medical differences between both groups. The proportional representation and count of S. mutans did not reveal statistical difference neither in VLBW and NBW children, nor in their mothers.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the risk factors of dental caries in children with very low birth weight and normal birth weight

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romana Koberova ◽  
Vladimira Radochova ◽  
Jana Zemankova ◽  
Lenka Ryskova ◽  
Zdeněk Broukal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Proportional Representation ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Health problems of premature infants can affect both general and oral health. The enamel defects, poor dietary and oral hygiene habits may predispose these children to dental caries.Aim To assess the impact of very low birth weight and prematurity on caries risk in early childhood.Design The study cohort consists from 189 of one year old infants. Anamnestic data were obtained from hospital records, feeding practice, bed-time sugar drinks and oral hygiene onset from questionnaires. Saliva samples of children and their mothers were collected for the detection of cariogenic pathogens. Results VLBW newborns had significantly shorter gestation age (29.6 vs. 38.8)) and lower mean birthweight (1124g vs 3315g) compared to NBW ones (p<0.0001). Statistical significance has been found in the presence of early morbidity (p<0.0001) and regular medication intake (p=0.007). VLBW children got more frequently sweetened drinks during the day and night (p=0.007). Regular oral hygiene practice was more frequent in full term group (p=0.002). There was statistical difference in the presence of enamel hypoplasia in VLBW children (p=0.033) but no statistical difference in the presence of hypomineralization (p=0.0736) in comparison to NBW individuals. Proportional representation and count of S. mutans did not reveal statistical difference neither in both groups of children (p=0.484) nor in both groups of mothers (p=0.385). Conclusions The study confirmed anamnestic and medical differences between both groups. The proportional representation and count of S. mutans did not reveal statistical difference neither in VLBW and NBW children, nor in their mothers.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the risk factors of dental caries in children with very low birth weight and normal birth weight

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romana Koberova ◽  
Vladimira Radochova ◽  
Jana Zemankova ◽  
Lenka Ryskova ◽  
Zdeněk Broukal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Proportional Representation ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Health problems of premature infants can affect both general and oral health. The enamel defects, poor dietary and oral hygiene habits may predispose these children to dental caries. This study was conducted to assess the impact of very low birth weight and prematurity on caries risk in early childhood. Methods The study cohort consists of 189 of one year old infants. Anamnestic data were obtained from hospital records, feeding practice, bed-time sugar drinks and oral hygiene onset from questionnaires. Saliva samples of children and their mothers were collected for the detection of cariogenic pathogens. Results VLBW newborns had significantly shorter gestation age (29.6 vs. 38.8)) and lower mean birthweight (1124 g vs 3315 g) compared to NBW ones (p < 0.0001). Statistical significance has been found in the presence of early morbidity (p < 0.0001) and regular medication intake (p = 0.007). VLBW children got more frequently sweetened drinks during the day and night (p = 0.007). Regular oral hygiene practice was more frequent in full term group (p = 0.002). There was statistical difference in the presence of enamel hypoplasia in VLBW children (p = 0.033) but no statistical difference in the presence of hypomineralization (p = 0.0736) in comparison to NBW individuals. Proportional representation and count of S. mutans did not reveal statistical difference neither in both groups of children (p = 0.484) nor in both groups of mothers (p = 0.385). Conclusions The study confirmed anamnestic and medical differences between both groups. The proportional representation and count of S. mutans did not reveal statistical difference neither in VLBW and NBW children, nor in their mothers.

scholarly journals The comparison of caries risk factors in children with very low birth weight and normal birth weight

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romana Koberova ◽  
Vladimira Radochova ◽  
Jana Zemankova ◽  
Lenka Ryskova ◽  
Zdeněk Broukal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Proportional Representation ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Feeding Practice ◽  
Caries Risk ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Health problems of premature infants can affect both general and oral health. The enamel defects, poor dietary and oral hygiene habits may predispose these children to dental caries. Aim To assess the impact of very low birth weight and prematurity on caries risk in early childhood. Design The study cohort consists from 189 of one year old infants. Anamnestic data were obtained from hospital records, feeding practice, bed-time sugar drinks and oral hygiene onset from questionnaires. Saliva samples of children and their mothers were collected for the detection of cariogenic pathogens. Results VLBW new-borns had significantly shorter gestation age (29.6 vs. 38.8)) and lower mean birthweight (1124 g vs 3315 g) compared to NBW ones (p < 0.0001). Statistical significance has been found in the presence of early morbidity (p < 0.0001) and regular medication intake (p = 0.007). VLBW children got more frequently sweetened drinks during the day and night (p = 0.007). Regular oral hygiene practice was more frequent in full term group (p = 0.002). There was statistical difference in the presence of enamel hypoplasia in VLBW children (p = 0.033) but no statistical difference in the presence of hypomineralization (p = 0.0736) in comparison to NBW individuals. Proportional representation and count of S. mutans did not reveal statistical difference neither in both groups of children (p = 0.484) nor in both groups of mothers (p = 0.385). Conclusions The study confirmed anamnestic and medical differences between both groups. The proportional representation and count of S. mutans did not reveal statistical difference neither in VLBW and NBW children, nor in their mothers

Rural Residence and Factors Associated with Attendance at the Second High-Risk Infant Follow-up Clinic Visit for Very Low Birth Weight Infants in California

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha G. Fuller ◽  
Tianyao Lu ◽  
Erika E. Gray ◽  
Maria A. L. Jocson ◽  
Mary K. Barger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Rural Residence ◽  
High Risk Infant ◽  
Vlbw Infants ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Impact

Objective This study was aimed to determine factors associated with attendance at the second high-risk infant follow-up (HRIF) visit (V2) by 20 months of corrected age after a successful first visit (V1), and the impact of rural residence on attendance rates in a statewide population of very low birth weight (VLBW; <1,500 g) infants. Study Design Data linked from the California Perinatal Quality of Care Collaborative (CPQCC) Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) database and CPQCC-California Children's Services (CCS) HRIF database. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated independent associations of sociodemographic, maternal, family, neonatal clinical, and individual HRIF program differences (factors) with successful V2 in VLBW infants born in 2010 to 2012. Results Of 7,295 eligible VLBW infants, 75% (5,475) attended V2. Sociodemographic factors independently associated with nonattendance included maternal race of Black (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.5–0.75), public insurance (aOR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.69–0.91), and rural residence (aOR = 0.74; 95% CI: 0.61–0.9). Factors identified at V1that were associated with V2 attendance included attending V1 within the recommended window (aOR = 2.34; 95% CI: 1.99–2.75) and early intervention enrollment (aOR = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.12–1.61). Neonatal factors associated with attendance included birth weight ≤750 g (aOR = 1.83; 95% CI: 1.48–2.5). There were significant program differences with risk-adjusted rates ranging from 43.7 to 99.7%. Conclusion Sociodemographic disparities and HRIF program factors are associated with decreased attendance at V2 among VLBW infants. These findings highlight opportunities for quality and process improvement interventions starting in the NICU and continuing through transition to home and community to assure participation in HRIF. Key Points

Early Enteral Feeding for the Very Low Birth Weight Infant: The Development and Impact of a Research-Based Guideline

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Renaud Smith
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Vlbw Infant ◽  
The Impact

Providing optimal nutrition for the very low birth weight (VLBW) infant is critical during the neonatal period. Evidence-based practice guidelines are essential in managing these fragile infants. Putting scientific research into daily clinical practice may be arduous at times, however. A multidisciplinary team of health care providers successfully established a practical feeding guideline for a 52-bed, teaching-affiliated, Level III neonatal intensive care unit in St. Louis. This guideline identifies human milk as the recommended source of nutrition for the VLBW infant, a suggestion that has significantly affected lactation services in the unit. This article describes the process of developing, implementing, and evaluating a feeding guideline based on current research and describes the impact on lactation rates of having such a guideline in place within the unit.

scholarly journals FRI0061 THE ADVERSE OBSTETRIC OUTCOMES WHEN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS IS CONTROLLED DURING PREGNANCY: IS THE DISEASE ITSELF A PROBLEM? DATA FROM A CASE-CONTROL COHORT OF 190 PREGNANCIES AT A MULTI-NATIONALITY SPECIALIZED CENTER IN QATAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 607.2-607
Author(s):  
E. Elsayed ◽  
S. Abuyaqoub ◽  
N. Almallahi ◽  
F. Alam ◽  
R. Saleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Obstetric Outcomes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
The Impact

Background:Rheumatoid arthritis is implicated in causing adverse pregnancy outcomes including high rates of prematurity and low birth weight. But little is known about the impact of the disease when it’s controlled as most of the information is extracted from retrospective data.Objectives:To examine the adverse obstetric outcomes after controlling disease during pregnancy. We also took into account many confounders that might affect the outcome.Methods:This is an ongoing Case-Control Prospective Cohort. It is implemented in a tertiary center where cases are recruited from a single specialized pregnancy and rheumatic disease clinic to ensure standardized management. These cases were fulfilling the ACR 2010 classification criteria for rheumatoid arthritis. Disease activity was measured using CDAI once before pregnancy and once in each trimester. We excluded subjects with chronic morbidities or twin pregnancy. Data were collected in pre-specified data sheets. Routine blood tests in addition to C-reactive protein were obtained. Cases were recruited at different disease activity stages, but treatment was escalated to reach remission as possible by the third trimester. Data were analyzed using SPSS software for descriptive and comparative analyses.Results:Since 2017 we have recruited 215 subjects. A total of 190 completed pregnancies were analyzed in this report (114 controls and 76 cases). Five subjects were excluded as their disease was not controlled by 27 weeks of gestation. Baseline characteristics of age, baseline BMI and anemia were similar. Exposure to passive smoking was significantly higher in the control group. There was no statistical difference in the incidence of gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia and infections. Rates of abortions and cesarean sections were significantly higher in the cases group. The incidence of PROM & low birth weight was not statistically different. Three cases of IUFD were reported among controls versus none in the cases (Table 1). Prematurity rate was numerically higher in the control group but did not reach a statistical difference. Congenital anomalies and NICU admission rates were comparable between the groups. But the incidence of neonatal morbidities was significantly higher in the control group (p. value 0.006), but the majority of morbidities were due to jaundice that resolved with phototherapy. we have evaluated the incidence of group B streptococcal Agalactae as a possible contributor to morbidities but it was similar between the groups. All cases were on DMARDs during pregnancy. Hydroxychloroquine was the most commonly used (55%) followed by sulfasalazine (40%). Steroid was used for variable duration in pregnancy in 23 cases. In most of them, it was tapered and stopped by the end of pregnancy. Biologics were used in 15 cases with few adverse outcomes including: abortion (1 case), PROM (1), maternal UTI (1), repeated URT infection (1) and neonatal bronchiolitis (1).Table 1.Birth OutcomesBirth OutcomeCases (n)Controls (n)P.valueAbortion910.001IUFD030.18PROM180.09Cesarean20170.02LBW680.68Premature8250.74Conclusion:From this ongoing cohort we conclude that controlled RA during pregnancy carries low risk of adverse obstetric outcomes in spite the regular use of DMARDs. Although these results are reassuring, further regression models are required after recruiting more subjects.References:[1]Johanna M. W. Hazes. (2011). Rheumatoid arthritis and pregnancy: evolution of disease activity and pathophysiological considerations for drug use.Rheumatology, 50:1955-1968Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Pubertal development and sexuality in female adolescents born preterm: a review of the literature

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Paul ◽  
Rebecca Deans ◽  
Russell Viner ◽  
Sarah M. Creighton
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction: Premature infants, especially very low birth weight infants, and fetal growth restriction are a challenge for healthcare professionals alike owing to the consequences of these conditions. Objective: To provide information for gynecologists, pediatricians and neonatologists to identify correct outcome expectations to help them plan their preventive and therapeutic actions. Searches were made on the MEDLINE database. Results: According to several follow-up studies, there is an increasing evidence for a link between early life exposures (prenatal and postnatal) and long-term outcomes. An adverse in utero environment will induce fetal reprogramming of neuroendocrine axes with permanent alterations of the physiology and metabolism of various body structures and functioning of neuroendocrine axes in later life, leading to a variety of different conditions, such as persistence of neurodevelopmental disability, changes in growth pattern, in body metabolism, in pubertal development, lower educational achievement and even psychological disturbances with possible alterations of sexual behavior in female adolescents and young adults. In addition, short-term transitory consequences can be also present, such as anomalies in genital appearance. Conclusions: Outcome studies on the impact that prematurity, low birth weight and intrauterine growth restriction have on pubertal development, sexuality and fertility are still scarce. Long-term outcomes of small for gestational age or preterm adolescents are complex and multifactorial, with interactions between genetic and environmental influences involving different pathways of adaptive responses during crucial phases of prenatal growth.

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