scholarly journals Soil Microbial Community Variation With Time and Soil Depth in Eurasian Steppe (Inner Mongolia, China)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbin Zhao ◽  
Wenling Zheng ◽  
Shengwei Zhang ◽  
Wenlong Gao ◽  
Yueyue Fan
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Spatial Transformation ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Abstract BackgroundSoil microorganisms play an indispensable role in the material and energy cycle of grassland ecosystem, and were affected by many environmental factors, such as time and space changes. However, there are few studies on the temporal and spatial transformation of soil microbial community in typical degraded steppe. We analyzed the community structure and diversity of soil bacteria and fungi and the effects of environmental factors on the community structure in Xilingol degraded steppe. ResultsThe abundance and diversity of bacteria and fungi were significantly affected by depth. Bacteria and fungi diversity of 10 cm was higher than that of 20 cm and 30 cm. The abundance of Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Actinomycetes, Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes varies significantly with depth. What’s more, soil pH increased significantly with depth increasing, while SOM, AN, VWC and ST decreased significantly with increasing depth. In addition, Depth, TOC and AN had significant impact on the bacterial and fungi communities (p < 0.05). ConclusionsSpatial heterogeneity (depth) is more important than temporal (month) in predicting changes in microbial community composition and soil properties. And the abundance of Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Actinomycetes, Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes varies significantly with depth. We speculate that SOM and VWC account for the abundance variations of Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria, and pH cause the abundance changes of Actinomycetes, Ascomycetes and Basidiomycota.

scholarly journals Impact of No-Tillage and Conventional Tillage Systems on Soil Microbial Communities

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reji P. Mathew ◽  
Yucheng Feng ◽  
Leonard Githinji ◽  
Ramble Ankumah ◽  
Kipling S. Balkcom
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Tillage Practices

Soil management practices influence soil physical and chemical characteristics and bring about changes in the soil microbial community structure and function. In this study, the effects of long-term conventional and no-tillage practices on microbial community structure, enzyme activities, and selected physicochemical properties were determined in a continuous corn system on a Decatur silt loam soil. The long-term no-tillage treatment resulted in higher soil carbon and nitrogen contents, viable microbial biomass, and phosphatase activities at the 0–5 cm depth than the conventional tillage treatment. Soil microbial community structure assessed using phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis and automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (ARISA) varied by tillage practice and soil depth. The abundance of PLFAs indicative of fungi, bacteria, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, and actinobacteria was consistently higher in the no-till surface soil. Results of principal components analysis based on soil physicochemical and enzyme variables were in agreement with those based on PLFA and ARISA profiles. Soil organic carbon was positively correlated with most of the PLFA biomarkers. These results indicate that tillage practice and soil depth were two important factors affecting soil microbial community structure and activity, and conservation tillage practices improve both physicochemical and microbiological properties of soil.

scholarly journals Assessment of Soil Microbial Community Structure by Use of Taxon-Specific Quantitative PCR Assays

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 4117-4120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noah Fierer ◽  
Jason A. Jackson ◽  
Rytas Vilgalys ◽  
Robert B. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Pcr Assays ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

ABSTRACT Here we describe a quantitative PCR-based approach to estimating the relative abundances of major taxonomic groups of bacteria and fungi in soil. Primers were thoroughly tested for specificity, and the method was applied to three distinct soils. The technique provides a rapid and robust index of microbial community structure.

scholarly journals Soil microbial community variation with time and soil depth in Eurasian Steppe (Inner Mongolia, China)

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbin Zhao ◽  
Wenling Zheng ◽  
Shengwei Zhang ◽  
Wenlong Gao ◽  
Yueyue Fan
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Microbial Communities ◽  
Soil Microbial Diversity ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Time Of Year ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose Soil microorganisms play an indispensable role in the material and energy cycle of grassland ecosystems. The abundance of these organisms vary according to environmental factors, such as time of year and soil depth. There have been few studies on the transformation of soil microbial communities in degraded typical steppe according to these temporal and spatial changes. In this study, we analyze the community structure and diversity of soil bacteria and fungi, and the impact of these changing temporal and spatial factors upon the community structure. Methods From May to September 2018, we collected 90 soil samples from different depths (10, 20, and 30 cm) from the typical degraded steppe area of Xilingol. We carried out studies on soil physical and chemical properties and soil microbial diversity using high-throughput sequencing technology. Results We found that depth significantly affected abundance and diversity of bacteria and fungi. Bacteria and fungi diversity at 10 cm was higher than that at 20 cm and 30 cm. The abundance of Acidobacteria, Proteobacteria, Actinomycetes, Ascomycetes, and Basidiomycetes varies significantly with depth. In addition, soil pH increased significantly with increasing depth, while soil organic matter (SOM), available nitrogen (AN), volume water content of soil (VWC), and soil temperature (ST) decreased significantly with increasing depth. Finally, the depth, total organic carbon (TOC), and AN had a significant impact on the bacterial and fungal communities’ abundance (p < 0.05). Conclusions Spatial heterogeneity (in soil depth) is more significant than the time of year (month) in predicting changes in microbial community composition and soil properties. SOM, VWC, and the abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinomycetes positively correlate with soil depth, while pH and the abundance of Acidobacteria, Ascomycetes, and Basidiomycetes negatively correlate with soil depth. We speculate that SOM and VWC account for the variations in the abundance of Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria, while pH causes variations in the abundance of Actinomycetes, Ascomycetes and Basidiomycota.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Fertilization Practices on Soil Microbial Community in a Wheat–Maize Rotation System

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 4088
Author(s):  
Yunlong Zhang ◽  
Tengteng Li ◽  
Honghui Wu ◽  
Shuikuan Bei ◽  
Junling Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Microbial Community Composition ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Soil Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Soil Microbial

Little information is known about the effects of different fertilization practices on soil microbiome in intensively managed crop rotations. The objective of this research was to investigate the response of microbial community composition (phospholipid fatty acid, PLFA) and extracellular enzyme activity to fertilization treatments through a three-year experiment. Treatments were: Control (without fertilizer, CK), chemical fertilizer (NPK), NPK + pig manure (NPKM), NPK + straw (NPKS), and NPK + both manure and straw (NPKMS). We found that fertilization had no effect on the microbial abundance except arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) PLFA. Soil microbial community composition was significantly affected by crop species and to a lesser extent by fertilization, with a greater influence on the wheat harvest. In addition, soil enzyme activities were enhanced by fertilization, especially in wheat season. Over three years, compared with NPK treatment, addition of organic manure or straw (NPKS and NPKMS) significantly increased the activities of the enzymes except invertase and urease, and the effect was greater at wheat harvest than the maize harvest. Our results indicate that the response of soil microbial community structure and enzyme activities to fertilization takes precedence than microbial biomass in the short term. The temporal variation in soil microbial community structure and enzyme activities in the crop rotation indicate that crop species may be carefully considered for sustainable agricultural intensification management.

scholarly journals Effects of Short-Term Rice Straw Return on the Soil Microbial Community

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 561
Author(s):  
Enze Wang ◽  
Xiaolong Lin ◽  
Lei Tian ◽  
Xinguang Wang ◽  
Li Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Paddy Soil ◽  
Soil Microbial Community ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Microbial Network ◽  
Straw Return ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Main Factor

Rice straw is a byproduct of agricultural production and an important agricultural resource. However, rice straw has not yet been effectively used, and incorrect treatment methods (such as burning in the field) can cause serious damage to the environment. Studies have shown that straw returning is beneficial to soil, but there have been few studies focused on the effect of the amount of short-term straw returned on the soil microbial community. This study evaluates 0%, 50%, 75%, and 100% rice straw returned to the field on whether returning different amounts of straw in the short term would affect the diversity and composition of the soil microbial community and the correlation between bacteria and fungi. The results show that the amount of straw returned to the field is the main factor that triggers the changes in the abundance and composition of the microbial community in the paddy soil. A small amount of added straw (≤ 50% straw added) mainly affects the composition of the bacterial community, while a larger amount of added straw (> 50% straw added) mainly affects the composition of the fungal community. Returning a large amount of straw increases the microbial abundance related to carbon and iron cycles in the paddy soil, thus promoting the carbon and iron cycle processes to a certain extent. In addition, network analysis shows that returning a large amount of straw also increases the complexity of the microbial network, which may encourage more microbes to be niche-sharing and comprehensively improve the ecological environment of paddy soil. This study may provide some useful guidance for rice straw returning in northeast China.

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