scholarly journals The role of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in adult optic nerve gliomas: a SEER-based analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Huang ◽  
Yanlin Huang ◽  
Jinyun Su ◽  
Heng Li ◽  
Zhong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cox Regression ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Grade Group ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Abstract PurposeOptic nerve gliomas (ONGs) are uncommon tumors of the central nervous system in adults. The aim of this study was to define their characteristics, prognostic factors, and the impacts of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy on outcomes.MethodsAdult patients (age ≥ 18 years) with ONGs from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were included. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were utilized to analyze the factors associated with survival. Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate the impacts of adjuvant therapies on overall survival (OS).ResultsA total of 179 adult patients diagnosed with ONGs were identified between 1991 and 2016, with a median follow-up period of 64.0 months. The median age at diagnosis was 41.0 years. After excluding 18 patients with unknown information, the remaining patients included 142 (88.2%) low-grade tumors and 19 (11.8%) high-grade tumors. Multivariate analysis showed age at diagnosis, tumor grade, adjuvant chemotherapy were significant factors for OS. The 5-year OS rates for patients with low- and high-grade ONGs were 85.5% and 10.5%, respectively. The employment of adjuvant RT or chemotherapy would significantly shorten OS time in the low-grade group and could not prolong OS time in the high-grade group.ConclusionsThis is the largest retrospective study of adult ONGs up to date. The overall prognosis of high-grade ONGs in adult patients is still poor despite multi-modality treatments. Adjuvant RT or chemotherapy might not be considered in adult patients with low-grade ONGs unless the malignant transformation or aggressive progression has been confirmed.

scholarly journals The role of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in adult optic nerve gliomas: a SEER-based analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoning Lin ◽  
Rong Huang ◽  
Jinyun Su ◽  
Heng Li ◽  
Zhong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Grade Group ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Abstract Background: Optic nerve gliomas (ONGs) are uncommon tumors of the central nervous system in adults. The aim of this study was to define their characteristics, prognostic factors, and the impacts of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy on outcomes.Methods: Adult patients (age ≥18 years) with ONGs from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were included. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were utilized to analyze the factors associated with survival. Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate the impacts of adjuvant therapies on overall survival (OS).Results: A total of 179 adult patients diagnosed with ONGs were identified between 1991 and 2016, with a median follow-up period of 64.0 months. The median age at diagnosis was 41.0 years. After excluding 18 patients with unknown information, the remaining patients included 142 (88.2%) low-grade tumors and 19 (11.8%) high-grade tumors. Multivariate analysis showed age at diagnosis, tumor grade, adjuvant chemotherapy were significant factors for OS. The 5-year OS rates for patients with low- and high-grade ONGs were 85.5% and 10.5%, respectively. The employment of adjuvant RT or chemotherapy would significantly shorten OS time in the low-grade group and could not prolong OS time in the high-grade group.Conclusions: This is the largest retrospective study of adult ONGs up to date. The overall prognosis of high-grade ONGs in adult patients is still poor despite multi-modality treatments. Adjuvant RT or chemotherapy might not be considered in adult patients with low-grade ONGs unless the malignant transformation or aggressive progression has been confirmed.

scholarly journals Optic nerve gliomas in adults: a SEER-based study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoning Lin ◽  
Rong Huang ◽  
Jinyun Su ◽  
Heng Li ◽  
Zhong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Age At Diagnosis ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Grade Group ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Abstract Background: Optic nerve gliomas (ONGs) are uncommon tumors of the central nervous system in adults. The aim of this study was to define their characteristics, prognostic factors, and the impacts of adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy on outcomes.Methods: Adult patients (age ≥18 years) with ONGs from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were included. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were utilized to analyze the factors associated with survival. Kaplan-Meier method was used to evaluate the impacts of adjuvant therapies on overall survival (OS).Results: A total of 179 adult patients diagnosed with ONGs were identified between 1991 and 2016, with a median follow-up period of 64.0 months. The median age at diagnosis was 41.0 years. After excluding 18 patients with unknown information, the remaining patients included 142 (88.2%) low-grade tumors and 19 (11.8%) high-grade tumors. Multivariate analysis showed age at diagnosis, tumor grade, adjuvant chemotherapy were significant factors for OS. The 5-year OS rates for patients with low- and high-grade ONGs were 85.5% and 10.5%, respectively. The employment of adjuvant RT or chemotherapy would significantly shorten OS time in the low-grade group and could not prolong OS time in the high-grade group.Conclusions: This is the largest retrospective study of adult ONGs up to date. The overall prognosis of high-grade ONGs in adult patients is still poor despite multi-modality treatments. Adjuvant RT or chemotherapy might not be considered in adult patients with low-grade ONGs unless the malignant transformation or aggressive progression has been confirmed.

scholarly journals Biochemical Signatures of Doppel Protein in Human Astrocytomas to Support Prediction in Tumor Malignancy

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Rognoni ◽  
Laurent R. Chiarelli ◽  
Sergio Comincini ◽  
Alberto Azzalin ◽  
Clelia Miracco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Progression ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Molecular Processes ◽  
Glial Tumor ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Membrane Bound ◽  
Biochemical Features ◽  
Testis Tissue

Doppel (Dpl) is a membrane-bound glycoprotein mainly expressed in the testis of adult healthy people. It is generally absent in the central nervous system, but its coding gene sequence is ectopically expressed in astrocytoma specimens and in derived cell lines. In this paper, we investigated the expression and the biochemical features of Dpl in a panel of 49 astrocytoma specimens of different WHO malignancy grades. As a result, Dpl was expressed in the majority of the investigated specimens (86%), also including low grade samples. Importantly, Dpl exhibited different cellular localizations and altered glycan moieties composition, depending on the tumor grade. Most low-grade astrocytomas (83%) showed a membrane-bound Dpl, like human healthy testis tissue, whereas the majority of high-grade astrocytomas (75%) displayed a cytosolic Dpl. Deglycosylation studies with N-glycosidase F and/or neuraminidase highlighted defective glycan moieties and an unexpected loss of sialic acid. To find associations between glial tumor progression and Dpl biochemical features, predictive bioinformatics approaches were produced. In particular, Decision tree and Nomogram analysis showed well-defined Dpl-based criteria that separately clustered low-and high-grade astrocytomas. Taken together, these findings show that in astrocytomas, Dpl undergoes different molecular processes that might constitute additional helpful tools to characterize the glial tumor progression.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Allergy and Blood Eosinophils Percent Could Be Prognostic Indicators of Glioma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liming Cao ◽  
Zhanghua Lv ◽  
Weiliang Wang ◽  
Xue Li ◽  
Jing Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Blood Eosinophil ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Low Grade Gliomas ◽  
Antibiotic Allergy ◽  
High Grade Gliomas

Abstract Background: Antibiotic allergy and blood eosinophil percentage (EOS%) may play an important role in the prognosis of gliomas, but few studies reported the relationship between antibiotic allergy and glioma as well as EOS% and glioma. The aim of our study was to estimate the relationships between antibiotic allergy, blood eosinophil percentage (EOS%) and glioma prognosis and to conduct a nomogram model for glioma patients. Estimating the effect of antibiotic allergy and EOS% on glioma prognosis may conduce to finding low-cost and safe prognostic indicators of glioma.Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study with 656 glioma patients to estimate the associations between antibiotic allergy, EOS% and glioma prognosis by Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis. Stratified analyses were performed according to tumor grade. We constructed a nomogram with age at diagnosis, gender, tumor grade, antibiotic allergy, EOS% to predict the survival probabilities of glioma. Results: During 12 months follow-up, a total of 227 patients were alive and 318 patients died. Antibiotic allergy and EOS% >1.65 conferred a survival advantage on glioma patients. In the stratified analysis by tumor grade, antibiotic allergy was significantly associated with the prognosis of the prognosis of low-grade gliomas (HR = 0.36, 95%CI: 0.13-0.97) and high-grade gliomas (HR = 0.58, 95%CI: 0.36-0.93) in the univariate Cox regression analysis. However, after adjusting for confounding factors in the multivariate Cox regression analysis, antibiotic allergy was only significantly associated with high-grade gliomas (HRadj = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.30-0.82); the relationship between EOS% and glioma prognosis was restricted to low-grade gliomas (HRadj = 0.50, 95%CI: 0.30-0.82). The C-index of nomogram was 0.74.Conclusions: Antibiotic allergy was a protective prognosis factor of high-grade gliomas, EOS% >1.65 was a protective prognosis factor of low-grade gliomas. The nomogram with antibiotic allergy and EOS% could effectively predict the survival probability of glioma.

Comparison between 1973 and 2004/2016 WHO grading systems in patients with Ta urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder

2021 ◽  
pp. jclinpath-2021-207400
Author(s):  
Claudia Collà Ruvolo ◽  
Christoph Würnschimmel ◽  
Mike Wenzel ◽  
Luigi Nocera ◽  
Gianluigi Califano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Bladder Tumour ◽  
Grading System ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Who Grade ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Grading Systems

AimsTo compare the 1973 WHO and the 2004/2016 WHO grading systems in patients with urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder (UCUB), since no consensus has been made which classification should supersede the other and since both are recommended in clinical practice.MethodsNewly diagnosed patients with Ta UCUB treated with transurethral resection of bladder tumour were abstracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database (2010–2016). Kaplan-Meier plots and multivariable Cox regression models (CRMs) tested cancer-specific mortality (CSM), according to 1973 WHO (G1 vs G2 vs G3) and to 2004/2016 WHO (low-grade vs high-grade) grading systems.ResultsOf 35 986 patients, according to 1973 WHO grading system, 8165 (22.7%) were G1, 17 136 (47.6%) were G2 and 10 685 (29.7%) were G3. According to 2004/2016 WHO grading system, 24 961 (69.4%) were low-grade versus 11 025 (30.6%) high-grade. In multivariable CRMs, G3 (HR: 2.05, p<0.001), relative to G1, and high-grade(HR: 2.13, p<0.001), relative to low-grade, predicted higher CSM. Conversely, G2 (p=0.8) was not an independent predictor. The multivariable models without consideration of either grading system were 74% accurate in predicting 5-year CSM. After addition of 1973 WHO or 2004/2016 WHO grade, the accuracy increased to 76% and 77%, respectively.ConclusionsFrom a statistical standpoint, it appears that the 2004/2016 WHO grading system holds a small, although measurable advantage over the 1973 WHO grading system. Other considerations, such as intraobserver and interobserver variability may represent an additional matric to consider in deciding which grading system is better.

scholarly journals The Prognostic Impact of Grading in FIGO IB and IIB Squamous Cell Cervical Carcinomas

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (02) ◽  
pp. 198-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Brambs ◽  
Anne Höhn ◽  
Bettina Hentschel ◽  
Uta Fischer ◽  
Karl Bilek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overall Survival ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Lymph Node Involvement ◽  
Pelvic Lymph Node ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Grade Group ◽  
Node Involvement ◽  
Pelvic Lymph Node Involvement

Abstract Background Tumor grade is one of the more controversial factors, and the data regarding its prognostic impact in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the uterine cervix are controversial. Methods The histological slides of 467 surgically treated FIGO stage IB1 to IIB cervical SCC were re-examined regarding the prognostic impact of the histological tumor grade based on the degree of keratinization (conventional tumor grade) according to the WHO recommendation on recurrence-free and overall survival as well as on the prediction of pelvic lymph node involvement. Results 46.0% presented with well-differentiated tumors (G1, n = 215), 30.6% with moderate (G2, n = 143) and 23.3% with poor differentiation (G3, n = 109). The recurrence-free survival was significantly reduced in patients with poorly differentiated tumors (G1: 81.4%, G2: 70.6%, G3: 64.2%; p = 0.008). There was no impact on overall survival. Because of the lack of survival differences between G1- and G2-tumors, they were merged into low-grade tumors, and their prognostic outcome was compared to the high-grade group (G3-tumors). Based on this binary conventional grading system there was a significantly longer recurrence-free (low-grade: 77.1% vs. high-grade: 64.2%; p = 0.008) and overall survival (low-grade: 76.0% vs. high-grade: 65.1%; p = 0.031) in the low-grade group. However, both the conventional three-tiered and the binary grading systems (separating tumors into a low- and high-grade group) failed to predict pelvic lymph node involvement (p = 0.9 and 0.76, respectively). Conclusion A binary grading model for the conventional tumor grade (based on the degree of keratinization) in SCC of the uterine cervix may be suitable for the prognostic survival evaluation but failed to predict pelvic lymph node involvement.

Population profiles of extra-ovarian and ovarian serous adenocarcinomas: Comparisons with grade stratification

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e16506-e16506
Author(s):  
P. M. Grimley ◽  
R. Matsuno ◽  
W. F. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Sample Sizes ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Age Of Diagnosis ◽  
Small Sample Sizes

e16506 Background: Molecular studies of ovarian serous adenocarcinomas (OSC) have linked distinct patterns of gene expression or mutations to high or low tumor grade. This heterogeneity appears to be mirrored in two population subgroups delineated by age-specific incidence rates (ASIR) stratified by grade. We aimed to determine whether serous adenocarcinomas of the peritoneum (PSC) or fallopian tubes (FSC) comprised grade-related subgroups comparable to OSC. Methods: Data for women with invasive OSC (25,997 cases), PSC (2,157), and/or FSC (618) registered in the NCI's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program (1976–2005) were analyzed. Incidence rates (IR) stratified by grade were compared by year or age of diagnosis. Descriptive analyses were supplemented with tests for trend or age interaction by grade. Cancer-specific survival also was compared by grade (Kaplan-Meier estimator). Results: We observed trend interactions by grade for OSC, PSC, and FSC (p < 0.001); age-adjusted incidence rates rose more rapidly for high than low grade tumors over time. ASIR for OSC/PSC were higher for low than high grade tumors prior to age 40 years, after which rates became higher for high grade (p < 0.001 for age interaction by grade). ASIR were similar for FSC but interpretation was limited by small sample sizes. Unilateral carcinomas were far more common for FSC than OSC (90.9% versus 40.6%). Actuarial cancer-specific cumulative survival was worse for high than low grade tumors (all anatomic sites). Conclusions: Trend and survival analyses both were consistent with a biologically significant high/low grade stratification of OSC, PSC, and FSC. For PSC, significant correlations to ASIR by high/low grade were consistent with two population subgroups as defined for OSC; and also appeared congruent with molecular models that project dual pathways of carcinogenesis. For FSC, definitive correlations will require larger sample sizes. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

The role of MRI texture analysis based on susceptibility-weighted imaging in predicting Fuhrman grade of clear cell renal cell carcinoma

2020 ◽  
pp. 028418512095196
Author(s):  
Jun Sun ◽  
Liang Pan ◽  
Tingting Zha ◽  
Wei Xing ◽  
Jie Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Texture Analysis ◽  
Texture Features ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Grade Group ◽  
Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Fuhrman Grade ◽  
Texture Model

Background The Fuhrman nuclear grade system is one of the most important independent indicators in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) for aggressiveness and prognosis. Preoperative assessment of tumor aggressiveness is important for surgical decision-making. Purpose To explore the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) texture analysis based on susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) in predicting Fuhrman grade of ccRCC. Material and Methods A total of 45 patients with SWI and surgically proven ccRCC were divided into two groups: the low-grade group (Fuhrman I/II, n = 29) and the high-grade group (Fuhrman III/IV, n = 16). Texture features were extracted from SWI images. Feature selection was performed, and multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to develop the SWI-based texture model for grading ccRCCs. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and leave-group-out cross-validation (LGOCV) were performed to test the reliability of the model. Results A total of 396 SWI-based texture features were extracted from each SWI image. The SWI-based texture model developed by multivariable logistic regression analysis was: SWIscore = –0.59 + 1.60 * ZonePercentage. The area under the ROC curve of the SWI-based texture model for differentiating high-grade ccRCC from low-grade ccRCC was 0.81 (95% confidence interval 0.67–0.94), with 80% accuracy, 56.25% sensitivity, and 93.10% specificity. After 100 LGOCVs, the mean accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were 90.91%, 91.83%, and 89.89% for the training sets, and 77.29%, 80.52%, and 71.44% for the test sets, respectively. Conclusion SWI-based texture analysis might be a reliable quantitative approach for differentiating high-grade ccRCC from low-grade ccRCC.

Tumor Grade Is Associated With Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With Cancer: Results From the Vienna Cancer and Thrombosis Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (31) ◽  
pp. 3870-3875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Ahlbrecht ◽  
Boris Dickmann ◽  
Cihan Ay ◽  
Daniela Dunkler ◽  
Johannes Thaler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Cumulative Probability ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Cox Regression Analysis ◽  
Patients With Cancer

Purpose Patients with cancer are at risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Tumor-related factors could help estimate patients' individual risk for VTE. Currently, only scarce information on the association between tumor grade and VTE is available. We thus evaluated the role of tumor grade and its association with VTE. Patients and Methods The Vienna Cancer and Thrombosis Study is a prospective, observational cohort study including patients with newly diagnosed cancer or progression of disease after remission. Study end point is the occurrence of symptomatic VTE. Results Seven hundred forty-seven patients with solid tumors received follow-up for a median of 526 days. VTE occurred in 52 patients (7.0%). At study inclusion, 468 patients had low-grade tumors (G1 and G2) and 279 had high-grade tumors (G3 and G4). In multivariable Cox regression analysis including tumor grade, tumor histology, tumor sites, stage, sex, and age, patients with high-grade tumors had a significantly higher risk of VTE compared with those with low-grade tumors (hazard ratio, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.1 to 3.5; P = .015). The cumulative probability of developing VTE after 6 months was higher in patients with high-grade tumors than in those with low-grade tumors (8.2% v 4.0%; log-rank test P = .037). Patients with high-grade tumors had higher D-dimer levels (P = .008) and leukocyte counts (P < .001), and lower hemoglobin levels (P = .008). Conclusion The tumor grade may help identify patients with cancer who are at high risk of VTE. The association of tumor grade with recently identified biomarkers indicates a link between tumor differentiation and pathogenesis of cancer-associated VTE.

scholarly journals Role of PVT1 Polymorphisms in the Glioma Susceptibility and Prognosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoying Ding ◽  
Yaqin Zhao ◽  
Haozheng Yuan ◽  
Yong Zhang ◽  
Ya Gao
Keyword(s):  
Cox Regression ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Extent Of Resection ◽  
Recessive Model ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Glioma Risk

Abstract Background: Genetic factors play a crucial role in the glioma risk and prognosis of glioma patients. To explore the role of PVT1 polymorphism in the susceptibility and survival of glioma in the Chinese Han population, we conducted a case-control study.Methods: The three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in PVT1 were genotyped using Agena MassARRAY from 575 patients with glioma and 500 healthy controls. We used the χ 2 test to analyze the differences in distribution of allele and genotype between the cases and controls. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated by logistic regression analysis to evaluate the association SNPs with glioma risk. The effects of polymorphisms and clinical features on survival of glioma patients were evaluated using the log-rank test, Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis.Results: We found that rs13255292 was associated with a decreased risk of glioma in the recessive model in overall or male; and rs4410871 was significantly associated with an increased the risk of glioma in age≤40 years old or female. Moreover, the extent of resection and chemotherapy were found to be key prognostic factors in survival of glioma patients. However, the gender, age, tumor grade, radiotherapy and PVT1 polymorphisms have no effect on prognosis of glioma patients.Conclusions: Our results indicated that PVT1 polymorphisms (rs13255292 and rs4410871) were associated with glioma susceptibility, but have no effect on prognosis of glioma patients. Further studies with large samples are required to confirm the results.

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