scholarly journals Grey matter abnormalities in Tourette syndrome: an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Wen ◽  
Junjuan Yan ◽  
Liping Yu ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Jingran Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Activation Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Lentiform Nucleus ◽  
Postcentral Gyrus

Abstract Background: Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder defined by the continual presence of primary motor and vocal tics. Grey matter abnormalities have been identified in numerous studies of TS, but conflicting results have been reported. This study was an unbiased statistical meta-analysis of published neuroimaging studies of TS structures.Methods: A voxel quantitative meta-analysis technique called activation likelihood estimation (ALE) was used.The meta-analysis included six neuroimaging studies involving 247 TS patients and 236 healthy controls. A statistical threshold of p < 0.05 was established based on the false discovery rate and a cluster extent threshold of 50 voxels.Results: We found that grey matter volumes were significantly increased in the bilateral thalamus, right hypothalamus, right precentral gyrus, left postcentral gyrus, left inferior parietal lobule, right lentiform nucleus, and left insula of TS patients compared to those of healthy controls. In contrast, grey matter volumes were significantly decreased in the bilateral postcentral gyrus, bilateral anterior cingulate, bilateral insula, left posterior cingulate, and left postcentral gyrus of TS patients compared to those of healthy controls.Conclusions: Our present meta-analysis primarily revealed significant increases in grey matter volumes in the thalamus and lentiform nucleus, and decreased grey matter volumes in the anterior cingulate gyrus, of TS patients compared to those in healthy controls. Most of these identified regions are associated with cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuits. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these changes in grey matter volumes in TS patients.

scholarly journals Grey matter abnormalities in Tourette syndrome: an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Wen ◽  
Junjuan Yan ◽  
Liping Yu ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Jingran Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Activation Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Lentiform Nucleus ◽  
Postcentral Gyrus

Abstract Background Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder defined by the continual presence of primary motor and vocal tics. Grey matter abnormalities have been identified in numerous studies of TS, but conflicting results have been reported. This study was an unbiased statistical meta-analysis of published neuroimaging studies of TS structures. Methods A voxel quantitative meta-analysis technique called activation likelihood estimation (ALE) was used. The meta-analysis included six neuroimaging studies involving 247 TS patients and 236 healthy controls. A statistical threshold of p < 0.05 was established based on the false discovery rate and a cluster extent threshold of 50 voxels. Results We found that grey matter volumes were significantly increased in the bilateral thalamus, right hypothalamus, right precentral gyrus, left postcentral gyrus, left inferior parietal lobule, right lentiform nucleus, and left insula of TS patients compared to those of healthy controls. In contrast, grey matter volumes were significantly decreased in the bilateral postcentral gyrus, bilateral anterior cingulate, bilateral insula, left posterior cingulate and left postcentral gyrus of TS patients compared to those of healthy controls. Conclusions Our present meta-analysis primarily revealed significant increases in grey matter volumes in the thalamus and lentiform nucleus, and decreased grey matter volumes in the anterior cingulate gyrus, of TS patients compared to those in healthy controls. Most of these identified regions are associated with cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuits. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these changes in grey matter volumes in TS patients.

scholarly journals Grey matter abnormalities in Tourette syndrome: an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonghua Cui ◽  
Fang Wen ◽  
Junjuan Yan ◽  
Liping Yu ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Activation Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Lentiform Nucleus ◽  
Postcentral Gyrus

Abstract Background: Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder defined by the continual presence of primary motor and vocal tics. Grey matter abnormalities have been identified in numerous studies of TS, but conflicting results have been reported. This study was an unbiased statistical meta-analysis of published neuroimaging studies of TS structures. Methods: A voxel quantitative meta-analysis technique called activation likelihood estimation (ALE) was used.The meta-analysis included six neuroimaging studies involving 247 TS patients and 236 healthy controls. A statistical threshold of p < 0.05 was established based on the false discovery rate and a cluster extent threshold of 50 voxels.Results: We found that grey matter volumes were significantly increased in the bilateral thalamus, right hypothalamus, right precentral gyrus, left postcentral gyrus, left inferior parietal lobule, right lentiform nucleus, and left insula of TS patients compared to those of healthy controls. In contrast, grey matter volumes were significantly decreased in the bilateral postcentral gyrus, bilateral anterior cingulate, bilateral insula, left posterior cingulate, and left postcentral gyrus of TS patients compared to those of healthy controls.Conclusions: Our present meta-analysis primarily revealed significant increases in grey matter volumes in the thalamus and lentiform nucleus, and decreased grey matter volumes in the anterior cingulate gyrus, of TS patients compared to those in healthy controls. Most of these identified regions are associated with cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuits. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these changes in grey matter volumes in TS patients.

scholarly journals Sensory perception in autism: an fMRI ALE meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazia Jassim ◽  
Simon Baron-Cohen ◽  
John Suckling
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Sensory Perception ◽  
Superior Temporal Gyrus ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
And Control ◽  
Lateral Occipital Cortex

Sensory sensitivities occur in up to 90% of autistic individuals. With the recent inclusion of sensory symptoms in the diagnostic criteria for autism, there is a current need to develop neural hypotheses related to autistic sensory perception. Using activation likelihood estimation (ALE), we meta-analysed 52 task-based fMRI studies investigating differences between autistic (n=891) and control (n=967) participants during non-social sensory perception. During complex perception, autistic groups showed more activity in the secondary somatosensory and occipital cortices, insula, caudate, superior temporal gyrus, and inferior parietal lobule, while control groups showed more activity in the frontal and parietal regions. During basic sensory processing, autistic groups showed hyperactivity in the lateral occipital cortex, primary somatosensory and motor cortices, insula, caudate, and thalamus, while controls showed heightened activity in the precentral gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, precuneus, and anterior cingulate cortex. We conclude that autistic individuals, on average, show distinct engagement of sensory-related brain networks during sensory perception. These findings may help guide future research to focus on relevant neurobiological mechanisms underpinning the autistic experience.

scholarly journals Brain grey matter abnormalities in medication-free patients with major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (14) ◽  
pp. 2927-2937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.-J. Zhao ◽  
M.-Y. Du ◽  
X.-Q. Huang ◽  
S. Lui ◽  
Z.-Q. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Meta Regression ◽  
Meta Analyses

BackgroundBecause cerebral morphological abnormalities in major depressive disorder (MDD) may be modulated by antidepressant treatment, inclusion of medicated patients may have biased previous meta-analyses of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies. A meta-analysis of VBM studies on medication-free MDD patients should be able to distinguish the morphological features of the disease itself from those of treatment.MethodA systematic search was conducted for the relevant studies. Effect-size signed differential mapping was applied to analyse the grey matter differences between all medication-free MDD patients and healthy controls. Meta-regression was used to explore the effects of demographics and clinical characteristics.ResultsA total of 14 datasets comprising 400 medication-free MDD patients and 424 healthy controls met the inclusion criteria. The pooled meta-analysis and subgroup meta-analyses showed robustly reduced grey matter in prefrontal and limbic regions in MDD. Increased right thalamus volume was only seen in first-episode medication-naive patients, and increased grey matter in the bilateral anterior cingulate cortex only in medication wash-out patients. In meta-regression analyses the percentage of female patients in each study was negatively correlated with reduced grey matter in the right hippocampus.ConclusionsBy excluding interference from medication effects, the present study identified grey matter reduction in the prefrontal–limbic network in MDD. The subgroup meta-analysis results suggest that an increased right thalamus volume might be a trait directly related to MDD, while an increased anterior cingulate cortex volume might be an effect of medication. The meta-regression results perhaps reveal the structural underpinning of the sex differences in epidemiological and clinical aspects of MDD.

scholarly journals Brain Network Underlying Executive Functions in Gambling and Alcohol Use Disorders: An Activation Likelihood Estimation Meta-Analysis of fMRI Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Quaglieri ◽  
Emanuela Mari ◽  
Maddalena Boccia ◽  
Laura Piccardi ◽  
Cecilia Guariglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Executive Functions ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Middle Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Activation Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Lentiform Nucleus ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The Right

Background: Neuroimaging and neuropsychological studies have suggested that common features characterize both Gambling Disorder (GD) and Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD), but these conditions have rarely been compared. Methods: We provide evidence for the similarities and differences between GD and AUD in neural correlates of executive functions by performing an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis of 34 functional magnetic resonance imaging studies involving executive function processes in individuals diagnosed with GD and AUD and healthy controls (HC). Results: GD showed greater bilateral clusters of activation compared with HC, mainly located in the head and body of the caudate, right middle frontal gyrus, right putamen, and hypothalamus. Differently, AUD showed enhanced activation compared with HC in the right lentiform nucleus, right middle frontal gyrus, and the precuneus; it also showed clusters of deactivation in the bilateral middle frontal gyrus, left middle cingulate cortex, and inferior portion of the left putamen. Conclusions: Going beyond the limitations of a single study approach, these findings provide evidence, for the first time, that both disorders are associated with specific neural alterations in the neural network for executive functions.

scholarly journals Neuroimaging distinction between neurological and psychiatric disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 207 (5) ◽  
pp. 429-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas A. Crossley ◽  
Jessica Scott ◽  
Ian Ellison-Wright ◽  
Andrea Mechelli
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Temporal Cortex ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Voxel Based Morphometry ◽  
Activation Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Biological Differences

BackgroundIt is unclear to what extent the traditional distinction between neurological and psychiatric disorders reflects biological differences.AimsTo examine neuroimaging evidence for the distinction between neurological and psychiatric disorders.MethodWe performed an activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis on voxel-based morphometry studies reporting decreased grey matter in 14 neurological and 10 psychiatric disorders, and compared the regional and network-level alterations for these two classes of disease. In addition, we estimated neuroanatomical heterogeneity within and between the two classes.ResultsBasal ganglia, insula, sensorimotor and temporal cortex showed greater impairment in neurological disorders; whereas cingulate, medial frontal, superior frontal and occipital cortex showed greater impairment in psychiatric disorders. The two classes of disorders affected distinct functional networks. Similarity within classes was higher than between classes; furthermore, similarity within class was higher for neurological than psychiatric disorders.ConclusionsFrom a neuroimaging perspective, neurological and psychiatric disorders represent two distinct classes of disorders.

scholarly journals Structural and functional neuroimaging of late-life depression: a coordinate-based meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Saberi ◽  
Esmaeil Mohammadi ◽  
Mojtaba Zarei ◽  
Simon Eickhoff ◽  
Masoud Tahmasian
Keyword(s):  
Functional Neuroimaging ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Reproducible Research ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Activation Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Late Life Depression

Several neuroimaging studies have investigated localized aberrations in brain structure, function or connectivity in late-life depression, but the ensuing results are equivocal and often conflicting. Here, we provide a quantitative consolidation of neuroimaging in late-life depression using coordinate-based meta-analysis by searching multiple databases and tracing the relevant references up to March 2020. Our search revealed 3252 unique records, among which we identified 32 eligible whole-brain neuroimaging publications comparing 674 late-life depression patients with 568 healthy controls. The peak coordinates of group comparisons between patients and controls were extracted and then analyzed using activation likelihood estimation method. Our sufficiently powered analysis on all the experiments, and more homogenous subsections of the data (in-/decreases, experiments using functional imaging) revealed no significant convergent regional abnormality in late-life depression. This inconsistency might be due to experimental (e.g., choice of tasks, image modalities) and analytic flexibility (e.g., preprocessing and analytic parameters), distributed patterns of neural abnormalities, and heterogeneity of clinical populations (e.g., severity of late-life depression, age of onset). Our findings highlight the need for more reproducible research by using pre-registered and standardized protocols on more homogenous populations to identify potential consistent brain abnormalities in late-life depression.

scholarly journals Mindfulness related changes in grey matter: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cyril R. Pernet ◽  
Nikolai Belov ◽  
Arnaud Delorme ◽  
Alison Zammit
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Mindfulness Meditation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Likelihood Estimation ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Right ◽  
Meta Analyses

AbstractKnowing target regions undergoing strfuncti changes caused by behavioural interventions is paramount in evaluating the effectiveness of such practices. Here, using a systematic review approach, we identified 25 peer-reviewed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies demonstrating grey matter changes related to mindfulness meditation. An activation likelihood estimation (ALE) analysis (n = 16) revealed the right anterior ventral insula as the only significant region with consistent effect across studies, whilst an additional functional connectivity analysis indicates that both left and right insulae, and the anterior cingulate gyrus with adjacent paracingulate gyri should also be considered in future studies. Statistical meta-analyses suggest medium to strong effect sizes from Cohen’s d ~ 0.8 in the right insula to ~ 1 using maxima across the whole brain. The systematic review revealed design issues with selection, information, attrition and confirmation biases, in addition to weak statistical power. In conclusion, our analyses show that mindfulness meditation practice does induce grey matter changes but also that improvements in methodology are needed to establish mindfulness as a therapeutic intervention.

scholarly journals Voxel-Wise Brain-Wide Functional Connectivity Abnormalities in Patients with Primary Blepharospasm at Rest

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Pan Pan ◽  
Shubao Wei ◽  
Huabing Li ◽  
Yangpan Ou ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Precentral Gyrus ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Sensorimotor Network ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity ◽  
Postcentral Gyrus ◽  
The Right

Background. Primary blepharospasm (BSP) is one of the most common focal dystonia and its pathophysiological mechanism remains unclear. An unbiased method was used in patients with BSP at rest to observe voxel-wise brain-wide functional connectivity (FC) changes. Method. A total of 48 subjects, including 24 untreated patients with BSP and 24 healthy controls, were recruited to undergo functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The method of global-brain FC (GFC) was adopted to analyze the resting-state fMRI data. We designed the support vector machine (SVM) method to determine whether GFC abnormalities could be utilized to distinguish the patients from the controls. Results. Relative to healthy controls, patients with BSP showed significantly decreased GFC in the bilateral superior medial prefrontal cortex/anterior cingulate cortex (MPFC/ACC) and increased GFC in the right postcentral gyrus/precentral gyrus/paracentral lobule, right superior frontal gyrus (SFG), and left paracentral lobule/supplement motor area (SMA), which were included in the default mode network (DMN) and sensorimotor network. SVM analysis showed that increased GFC values in the right postcentral gyrus/precentral gyrus/paracentral lobule could discriminate patients from controls with optimal accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity of 83.33%, 83.33%, and 83.33%, respectively. Conclusion. This study suggested that abnormal GFC in the brain areas associated with sensorimotor network and DMN might underlie the pathophysiology of BSP, which provided a new perspective to understand BSP. GFC in the right postcentral gyrus/precentral gyrus/paracentral lobule might be utilized as a latent biomarker to differentiate patients with BSP from controls.

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