scholarly journals Large Faraday effect and structural properties of heavily Tb3+-doped borogermanate glasses: a potential precursor of magneto-optical fibers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Franco ◽  
Yannick Ledemi ◽  
Wagner Correr ◽  
Steeve Morency ◽  
Conrado Afonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Faraday Effect ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Optical Loss ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Excellent Thermal Stability ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Potential Precursor ◽  
Glass Compositions

Abstract New glass compositions containing high concentrations of Tb3+ ions were developed aiming at the production of magneto-optical (MO) fibers. This work reports on the structural and MO properties of a new glass composition based on (100-x)(41GeO2-25B2O3-4Al2O3-10Na2O-20BaO) – xTb4O7. Morphological analysis (HR-TEM) of the sample with the highest concentration of Tb3+ ions confirmed the homogeneous distribution of Tb3+ ions and the absence of nanoclusters. All the samples presented excellent thermal stability against crystallization (ΔT > 100 oC). An optical fiber was manufactured by a fiber drawing process. The UV-Vis spectra of the glasses showed Tb3+ electronic transitions and optical windows varying from 0.4 to 1.6 µm. The magneto-optical properties and the paramagnetic behaviors of the glasses were investigated using Faraday rotation experiments. The Verdet constant (VB) values were calculated at 500, 650, 880, 1050, 1330, and 1550 nm. The maximum VB values obtained at 650 and 1550 nm for the glass with x = 18 mol% were − 128 and − 17.6 rad T− 1 m− 1, respectively. The VB values at 500 and 1550 nm for the optical fiber containing 8 mol% of Tb4O7 were − 110.2 and − 9.5 rad T− 1 m− 1, respectively, while the optical loss at around 880 nm was 6.4 dB m− 1.

scholarly journals Magneto-optical borogermanate glasses and fibers containing Tb3+

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas F. Franco ◽  
Yannick Ledemi ◽  
Wagner Correr ◽  
Steeve Morency ◽  
Conrado R. M. Afonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Glass Composition ◽  
Optical Loss ◽  
Electronic Transitions ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Drawing Process ◽  
Excellent Thermal Stability ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Glass Compositions

AbstractNew glass compositions containing high concentrations of Tb3+ ions were developed aiming at the production of magneto-optical (MO) fibers. This work reports on the structural and MO properties of a new glass composition based on (100 − x)(41GeO2–25B2O3–4Al2O3–10Na2O–20BaO) − xTb4O7. Morphological analysis (HR-TEM) of the sample with the highest concentration of Tb3+ ions confirmed the homogeneous distribution of Tb3+ ions and the absence of nanoclusters. All the samples presented excellent thermal stability against crystallization (ΔT > 100 °C). An optical fiber was manufactured by a fiber drawing process. The UV–Vis spectra of the glasses showed Tb3+ electronic transitions and optical windows varying from 0.4 to 1.6 μm. The magneto-optical properties and the paramagnetic behaviors of the glasses were investigated using Faraday rotation experiments. The Verdet constant (VB) values were calculated at 500, 650, 880, 1050, 1330, and 1550 nm. The maximum VB values obtained at 650 and 1550 nm for the glass with x = 18 mol% were -128 and − 17.6 rad T−1 m−1, respectively. The VB values at 500 and 1550 nm for the optical fiber containing 8 mol% of Tb4O7 were − 110.2 and − 9.5 rad T−1 m−1, respectively, while the optical loss at around 880 nm was 6.4 dB m−1.

Lateral and Hydraulic Pressure Characteristics of Submarine Optical Fiber Cable

1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Yabuta ◽  
K. Hoshino ◽  
N. Yoshizawa
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Optical Loss ◽  
Hydraulic Pressure ◽  
Breaking Elongation ◽  
Tension Member ◽  
Optical Fiber Cable ◽  
Pressure Characteristics

On designing optical fiber cables, it is necessary to deal with the weakness of optical fibers, such as a small breaking elongation compared with metals and excess optical loss under both lateral and hydraulic pressure. This paper presents a structural design method for submarine optical fiber cables, based on the study of both lateral and hydraulic pressure characteristics. This paper also clarifies that a composite tension member increases the lateral and hydraulic pressure strength of the cable and can protect optical fibers from extremely large force during laying and recovery.

Multifunctional Fiber Solar Cell Based on TiO2 Composite Materials

2011 ◽  
Vol 1325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Rice ◽  
Seong-Ku Kim ◽  
Zuki Tanaka ◽  
Dibya Phuyal ◽  
Xuan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Incident Angle ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Optical Loss ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Plasmonic Enhancement ◽  
Composite Electrolyte ◽  
Evanescent Light

AbstractThe paper present a multimode optical fiber based solar lighting and photovoltaic multifunctional device. TiO2, PbS and conducting polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) were coated on the optical core surface as active photovoltaic layers, with ITO and LiF/Al electrodes. The guided sunlight in the multi-moded fiber was totally internal reflected depending on the incident angle and the evanescent light mode from scattered radiation of light was absorbed by the active layer to generate the electric current. The optical-electrical behaviors such as the short circuit current, filling factor, and open circuit voltage were studied. Furthermore, optical loss and the evanescent field at the interface between the optical fiber core and ITO electrode thin layer was discussed in relation to the coupling light from the guiding medium to the devices. Comparison studies of chemical and physical thin film coating on optical fibers are discussed. In particular, we obtained in situ growth of quantum dot, composite electrolyte and plasmonic enhancement on TiO2. We have demonstrated waveguide like fiber device with photo current measurements and I-V characterizations. Furthermore, we have optimized the device transmission of visible light through total internal reflection, and PV conversion of evanescent light absorbed by solar active composite materials fabricated around optical fibers.

Heating and Burning of Optical Fibers and Cables by Light Scattered from Bubble Train Formed by Optical Fiber Fuse

2012 ◽  
Vol E95.B (8) ◽  
pp. 2638-2641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makoto YAMADA ◽  
Akisumi TOMOE ◽  
Takahiro KINOSHITA ◽  
Osanori KOYAMA ◽  
Yutaka KATUYAMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Fibers

scholarly journals Nano- and Micropatterning on Optical Fibers by Bottom-Up Approach: The Importance of Being Ordered

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 3254
Author(s):  
Marco Pisco ◽  
Francesco Galeotti
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Ordered Structures ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Photonic Structures ◽  
Fiber Technology ◽  
Optical Fiber Probes ◽  
Fiber Probes ◽  
Self Assembled

The realization of advanced optical fiber probes demands the integration of materials and structures on optical fibers with micro- and nanoscale definition. Although researchers often choose complex nanofabrication tools to implement their designs, the migration from proof-of-principle devices to mass production lab-on-fiber devices requires the development of sustainable and reliable technology for cost-effective production. To make it possible, continuous efforts are devoted to applying bottom-up nanofabrication based on self-assembly to decorate the optical fiber with highly ordered photonic structures. The main challenges still pertain to “order” attainment and the limited number of implementable geometries. In this review, we try to shed light on the importance of self-assembled ordered patterns for lab-on-fiber technology. After a brief presentation of the light manipulation possibilities concerned with ordered structures, and of the new prospects offered by aperiodically ordered structures, we briefly recall how the bottom-up approach can be applied to create ordered patterns on the optical fiber. Then, we present un-attempted methodologies, which can enlarge the set of achievable structures, and can potentially improve the yielding rate in finely ordered self-assembled optical fiber probes by eliminating undesired defects and increasing the order by post-processing treatments. Finally, we discuss the available tools to quantify the degree of order in the obtained photonic structures, by suggesting the use of key performance figures of merit in order to systematically evaluate to what extent the pattern is really “ordered”. We hope such a collection of articles and discussion herein could inspire new directions and hint at best practices to fully exploit the benefits inherent to self-organization phenomena leading to ordered systems.

scholarly journals Review of Femtosecond-Laser-Inscribed Fiber Bragg Gratings: Fabrication Technologies and Sensing Applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun He ◽  
Baijie Xu ◽  
Xizhen Xu ◽  
Changrui Liao ◽  
Yiping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Optical Fiber Sensor ◽  
Phase Mask ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Direct Writing ◽  
Excellent Thermal Stability ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Compact Size

AbstractFiber Bragg grating (FBG) is the most widely used optical fiber sensor due to its compact size, high sensitivity, and easiness for multiplexing. Conventional FBGs fabricated by using an ultraviolet (UV) laser phase-mask method require the sensitization of the optical fiber and could not be used at high temperatures. Recently, the fabrication of FBGs by using a femtosecond laser has attracted extensive interests due to its excellent flexibility in creating FBGs array or special FBGs with complex spectra. The femtosecond laser could also be used for inscribing various FBGs on almost all fiber types, even fibers without any photosensitivity. Such femtosecond-laser-induced FBGs exhibit excellent thermal stability, which is suitable for sensing in harsh environment. In this review, we present the historical developments and recent advances in the fabrication technologies and sensing applications of femtosecond-laser-inscribed FBGs. Firstly, the mechanism of femtosecond-laser-induced material modification is introduced. And then, three different fabrication technologies, i.e., femtosecond laser phase mask technology, femtosecond laser holographic interferometry, and femtosecond laser direct writing technology, are discussed. Finally, the advances in high-temperature sensing applications and vector bending sensing applications of various femtosecond-laser-inscribed FBGs are summarized. Such femtosecond-laser-inscribed FBGs are promising in many industrial areas, such as aerospace vehicles, nuclear plants, oil and gas explorations, and advanced robotics in harsh environments.

Fabrication of Lensed Plastic Optical Fiber Array Using Electrostatic Force

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yih-Tun Tseng ◽  
Jhong-Bin Huang ◽  
Che-Hsin Lin ◽  
Chin-Lung Chen ◽  
Wood-Hi Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Electrostatic Force ◽  
Coupling Efficiency ◽  
Numerical Aperture ◽  
Uv Curing ◽  
Power Budget ◽  
Fiber Array ◽  
Plastic Optical Fibers ◽  
Efficient Coupling

The GI (graded-index) POFs (Plastic optical fibers), which has been proven to reach distances as long as 1 km at 1.25 Gb/s has a relatively low numerical aperture . Therefore, the efficient coupling of GI POFs to the light source has become critical to the power budget in the system. Efficient coupling for a POFs system normally involves either a separate lens or the direct formation of the lens at the end of the fiber. Forming the lens-like structure directly on the fiber end is preferred for simplicity of fabrication and packaging, such as polishing and fusion, combine different fibers with the cascaded fiber method and hydroflouride (HF) chemical etching. These approaches are well established, but applicable only to glass. Optical assembly architecture for multichannel fibers and optical devices is critical to optical fiber interconnections. Multichannel fiber-pigtail laser diode (LD) modules have potential for supporting higher data throughput and longer transmission distances. However, to be of practical use, these modules must be more precise. This work proposes and manufactures lensed plastic optical fibers (LPOF) array. This novel manipulation can be utilized to fabricate an aspherical lens on a fiber array after the UV curing of the photo-sensitive polymer; the coupling efficiency (CE) is increased and exceeds 47% between the LD array and the fiber array.

scholarly journals Multiple Light Coupling and Routing via a Microspherical Resonator Integrated in a T-Shaped Optical Fiber Configuration System

Micromachines ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia Konstantinou ◽  
Karolina Milenko ◽  
Kyriaki Kosma ◽  
Stavros Pissadakis
Keyword(s):  
Optical Fiber ◽  
Optical Fibers ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Equatorial Region ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Glass Microsphere ◽  
Single Mode Optical Fiber ◽  
Light Coupling ◽  
Fiber Taper ◽  
Optical Fiber Taper

We demonstrate a three-port, light guiding and routing T-shaped configuration based on the combination of whispering gallery modes (WGMs) and micro-structured optical fibers (MOFs). This system includes a single mode optical fiber taper (SOFT), a slightly tapered MOF and a BaTiO3 microsphere for efficient light coupling and routing between these two optical fibers. The BaTiO3 glass microsphere is semi-immersed into one of the hollow capillaries of the MOF taper, while the single mode optical fiber taper is placed perpendicularly to the latter and in contact with the equatorial region of the microsphere. Experimental results are presented for different excitation and reading conditions through the WGM microspherical resonator, namely, through single mode optical fiber taper or the MOF. The experimental results indicate that light coupling between the MOF and the single mode optical fiber taper is facilitated at specific wavelengths, supported by the light localization characteristics of the BaTiO3 glass microsphere, with spectral Q-factors varying between 4.5 × 103 and 6.1 × 103, depending on the port and parity excitation.

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