scholarly journals Comparison of different lignocellulosic biomass for Solvent production by Clostridium beijerinckii strains

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyotsana Dalal ◽  
Sam Joy ◽  
Mriganko Das ◽  
Jaya Rawat
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Clostridium Beijerinckii ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Solvent Production

Abstract The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of lignocellulosic sugar hydrolysate, obtained after acid pretreatment of different lignocellulosic biomass on production of solvents by two different Clostridium beijerinckii strains. C. beijerinckii C-01 produced solvents via the isopropanol-butanol-ethanol (IBE) pathway and C. beijerinckii B-17 via the acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE). The hydrolysate was obtained after acid pretreatment of rice-husk, rice-straw and sugarcane-bagasse. Solvent production was observed from all the three substrates by both the strains. However, the highest solvent production of 9.2 gL− 1 similar to medium supplemented with commercial sugars was observed in sugarcane-bagasse hydrolysate by C. beijerinckii B-17. Degradation products i.e. 5-Hydroxy-methyl-furfural, levulinic acid, furfural and formic acid were found in different concentrations during acid pretreatments. The highest amount of formic acid (3.5 gL− 1), along with significant amounts of levulinic acid and furfural, was found to be present in rice-husk hydrolysate. The study shows that rice-straw and sugarcane-bagasse obtained after acid pretreatment are better substrates in comparison to rice-husk for butanol production by Clostridium beijerinckii strains.

scholarly journals Pseudo-lignin retarded bioconversion of sugarcane bagasse holocellulose after liquid hot water and acid pretreatments

BioResources ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 4052-4063
Author(s):  
Haiyan Yang ◽  
Yuanchen Zhu ◽  
Yan Jin ◽  
Fuhou Lei ◽  
Zhengjun Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Liquid Hot Water ◽  
Carbohydrate Degradation ◽  
Pretreatment Temperature ◽  
Bioethanol Yield

Pseudo-lignin derived from the condensation of carbohydrate degradation products can retard the bioconversion of lignocellulose. In this work, liquid hot water (150 to 190 °C) and 1% H2SO4 pretreatments (130 to 190 °C) were used on sugarcane bagasse holocellulose for 3 h to generate pseudo-lignin. The effects of pseudo-lignin generation on structural characteristics and bioconversion of substrates were evaluated. The results showed that the formation of pseudo-lignin increased the hydrophobicity of the substrates. After LHW pretreatments and acid pretreatments at low temperatures (<150 °C), most of the xylans were removed, yielding 2.1 to 5.4% pseudo-lignin. Increasing acid pretreatment temperature to 170 and 190 °C yielded 34.3% and 93.6% pseudo-lignin, respectively. After pretreatment, the accessibilities and bioconversions of substrates were enhanced by degradation of xylans, increasing glucose conversions and bioethanol productions of substrates from 53.2 to 85.3%, and 9.9 to 13.1 g/L, respectively. However, large amounts of pseudo-lignin were generated during acid pretreatments at 170 °C, reducing glucose conversion and bioethanol yield to 45.6% and 6.3 g/L, respectively.

scholarly journals Effect of pyrolysis temperature on Si release of alkali-enhanced Si-rich biochar and plant response

Biochar ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Wang ◽  
Negar D. Tafti ◽  
Jim J. Wang ◽  
Xudong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Weak Acid ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Neutral Salt ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Plant Disease Control ◽  
Si Content ◽  
Lower Temperature

AbstractRecent studies have shown that silicon (Si) dissolution from biochar may be influenced by the pyrolysis temperature. In addition, the enhancement of biochar by treatment with alkali has been proposed to produce a Si source that can be used for environmentally friendly plant disease control. In this study, biochars from rice straw and rice husk pretreated with KOH, CaO and K2CO3 and then pyrolyzed at 350, 450 and 550 °C were prepared to evaluate the effects of pyrolysis temperature on Si release and plant uptake from alkali-enhanced Si-rich biochar. Extractable Si and dissolution Si from the prepared biochars were assessed by different short-term chemical methods and long-term (30-day) release in dilute acid and neutral salt solutions, respectively, along with a rice potting experiment in greenhouse. For both rice straw- and husk-derived alkali-enhanced biochars (RS-10KB and HS-10K2B, respectively), increasing the pyrolysis temperature from 350 to 550 °C generally had the highest extractable Si and increased Si content extracted by 5-day sodium carbonate and ammonium nitrate (5dSCAN) designated for fertilizer Si by 61–142%, whereas non-enhanced biochars had more extractable Si at 350 °C. The alkali-enhanced biochars produced at 550 °C pyrolysis temperature also released 82–172% and 27–79% more Si than that of 350 °C produced biochar in unbuffered weak acid and neutral salt solutions, respectively, over 30 days. In addition, alkali-enhanced biochars, especially that derived from rice husk at 550 °C facilitated 6–21% greater Si uptake by rice and 44–101% higher rice grain yields than lower temperature biochars, non-enhanced biochars, or conventional Si fertilizers (wollastonite and silicate calcium slag). Overall, this study demonstrated that 550 °C is more efficient than lower pyrolysis temperature for preparing alkali-enhanced biochar to improve Si release for plant growth.

scholarly journals Mini-Review on the Synthesis of Furfural and Levulinic Acid from Lignocellulosic Biomass

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1234
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Jiang ◽  
Di Hu ◽  
Zhiyue Zhao ◽  
Zixiao Yi ◽  
Zuo Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Catalytic System ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Alternative Route ◽  
Catalytic Systems ◽  
Renewable Biomass ◽  
Platform Chemicals

Efficient conversion of renewable biomass into value-added chemicals and biofuels is regarded as an alternative route to reduce our high dependence on fossil resources and the associated environmental issues. In this context, biomass-based furfural and levulinic acid (LA) platform chemicals are frequently utilized to synthesize various valuable chemicals and biofuels. In this review, the reaction mechanism and catalytic system developed for the generation of furfural and levulinic acid are summarized and compared. Special efforts are focused on the different catalytic systems for the synthesis of furfural and levulinic acid. The corresponding challenges and outlooks are also observed.

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