scholarly journals The performance of Chest CT and Its Imaging Features for Diagnosing Coronavirus Disease 2019: a Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Zhang ◽  
Zhewei Zhao ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
Wen Zhang ◽  
Shuyang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Rt Pcr

Abstract Early diagnosis and isolation of cases are particularly crucial for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in global pandemic. The aim of this study is to determine the diagnostic performance of chest computed tomography (CT) and imaging features for diagnosing COVID-19. Diagnostic accuracy studies of CT and RT-PCR in patients with clinically suspected COVID-19, which were published up to April 25th, 2020 from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. Twelve studies (n=2,204) were included. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of chest CT for detecting COVID-19 were 94.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) 89.5 to 97.2%) and 41.8% (95% CI 24.2 to 61.6%), 1.6 (95% CI: 1.6-2.3), 0.13 (95% CI: 0.06-0.31), and 12.4 (95% CI: 4.0-38.5), respectively. Initial RT-PCR revealed a better diagnostic performance. Peripheral lesions, bilateral involvement, multiple lesions, and ground-glass opacities (GGO), revealed to be with better diagnostic value than other CT manifestations. Using chest CT for COVID-19 diagnosis has a high sensitivity and a relatively low specificity. Bilateral multiple peripheral lesions and GGO revealed to be with better diagnostic value. For areas with high prevalence, chest CT could be a good screening test to preliminary screen patients with COVID-19 quickly.

scholarly journals Diagnostic performance of ultrasound for rotator cuff tears: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiyu Liang ◽  
Huaiyu Wu ◽  
Fajin Dong ◽  
Hongtian Tian ◽  
Jinfeng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Rotator Cuff ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Rotator Cuff Tears ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic

Aim: Rotator cuff (RC) tears are considered to be the main reason for shoulder pain. Although ultrasound is a useful method to detect it, its effectiveness when diagnosing RC tears has been a heated discussion. Therefore, we aimed at evaluating RC tears’ ultrasound accuracy by conducting a systemically review and pooled comprehensive analysis.Materials and methods: Relevant articles up to May 2018 were searched from the Cochrane Library, Embase, and Pubmed databases. Either arthroscopy or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was considered as a reference standard. The results were estimated by pooled-sensitivity (P-SEN), pooled-specificity (P-SPE), pooled-diagnostic odds ratio (P-DOR), pooled-likelihood ratio+ (PLR+), pooled-likelihood ratio- (P-LR-), and the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC).Result: We selected seven prospective studies in accordance with the inclusion criteria that covered 554 rotator cuff tears in 868 patients. The P-SEN, P-SPE, P-LR+, P-LR-, P-DOR, area under the SROC curve of diagnostic performance of ultrasound for RC and post-test probability were 95% (95% CI: 88 – 98), 72% (95% CI: 61 – 81), 3.41 (95% CI: 2.40 – 4.84), 0.08 (95% CI: 0.03 – 0.16), 45.31 (95% CI: 21.04 – 97.59), 89% (95% CI: 0.86 – 0.91), and 46% and 2%, respectively.Conclusion: Our metaanalysis demonstrates that ultrasound has a high efficiency for RC tears’ diagnosis. It can be a promising method in patients with suspected RC tears because of its high sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy.

Diagnostic Value of Neutrophil CD64 in Burn Patients with Infection in Chinese Population：A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Chen ◽  
Turxun Nurlan ◽  
Fangyan Ning ◽  
Tianjian Zha ◽  
Xiaolong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Neutrophil Cd64

Abstract Background Infection is one of the leading causes of death in burn patients. Many researches regard neutrophil CD64 (nCD64) as a biomarker in the early diagnosis of burn patients with infection. Nevertheless, the conclusions are controversial. Methods A comprehensive analysis of the diagnostic value of nCD64 for burn infection was performed in China using a meta-analysis method. Pubmed, Cochrane library, Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and China Wanfang databases were searched for studies on nCD64 as a diagnostic biomarker of burn patients with infection from the establishment of the databases to September 29, 2020. The data was analyzed by Stata 15.0 software. Results Six studies were identified. The results showed that the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and DOR were 0.92 (95%CI:0.88~0.95), 0.82 (95%CI:0.76~0.87), 5.10 (95%CI:3.90~6.80), 0.10 (95%CI:0.06~0.15) and 52 (95%CI:29~94), respectively. The area under curve (AUC) was 0.94 (95%CI:0.92~0.94). According to the analysis of the sepsis subgroup, it showed that nCD64 had good diagnostic value in the patients with burn sepsis in Chinese population. Conclusion nCD64 is highly efficient to diagnose burn infection in Chinese population. Therefore, nCD64 could be regarded as a valuable biomarker for early diagnosis of burn infection in China, especially in patients with burn sepsis. Combined with other diagnostic indexes, nCD64 can be clinically used in the early diagnosis of burn infection to improve the sensitivity and specificity.

The Diagnostic Accuracy of Low-Dose Computed Tomography in Diagnosing Urolithiasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shichu Liang ◽  
Lingyu Chang ◽  
Cui Wang ◽  
Shengli Lu ◽  
Shihan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Index Test ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background: Urolithiasis is a prevalent health issue all over the world,To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of low-lose computed tomography(LDCT) for detecting urolithiasis. Methods: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was followed. PubMed, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library were searched for original diagnostic studies to identify all relevant studies published prior to May 2020. The index test was LDCT, and the reference standards were comprehensive diagnosis or standard-dose CT (SDCT). Results: 17 studies with 1,761 patients and 2,053 stones were included for the quantitative analysis. The pooled sensitivity was 0.95 (95%CI: 0.93-0.97) in patient-based studies and 0.86 (95%CI: 0.76-0.93) in urolithiasis-based studies. The pooled specificity of LDCT were 0.97 (95%CI: 0.95-0.99) in patient-based studies and 0.98 (95%CI: 0.63-1.00) in urolithiasis-based studies. The Fagan nomogram of LDCT for diagnosis of urolithiasis showed that the probability of urolithiasis is 98% if the LDCT scan is positive and 6% if the LDCT scan is negative. The likelihood ratio plot showed that the summary positive pooled likelihood ratio (LRP) and negative likelihood ratio (LRN) for LDCT was in the left upper quadrant(LUQ) area. Conclusions: LDCT has excellent diagnostic value in urolithiasis. LDCT can detect the urolithiasis specifically, but is limited to differentiate the contents of the stones.

scholarly journals Fibrinogen performs better than D-dimer for the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection: a meta-analysis of diagnostic trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liping Pan ◽  
Hao Wu ◽  
Heng Liu ◽  
Xin Yang ◽  
Zhichao Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Periprosthetic Joint Infection ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Joint Infection ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
D Dimer ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Purpose D-dimer and fibrinogen, both belonging to coagulation parameters, are controversial for the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). This meta-analysis was conducted to compare their diagnostic accuracies for PJI by synthesizing currently available evidence. Methods Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Embase up to March 1, 2020, and other relevant articles were searched. Five hundred and eighty-one articles were identified after initial research, and 11 studies were included finally. No threshold effects were found between studies. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratio were reported to evaluate the diagnostic performance with heterogeneity analysis. Z test statistics was used to analyze the difference of diagnostic performance between D-dimer and fibrinogen. Results The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratio of D-dimer for PJI were 0.79 (95% [CI], 0.72–0.85), 0.77 (0.67–0.84), 3.38 (2.21–5.18), and 0.27 (0.18–0.41), respectively. As for fibrinogen, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative likelihood ratio for PJI were 0.75 (0.68–0.80), 0.85 (0.82–0.88), 5.12 (4.22–6.22), and 0.30 (0.23–0.37), respectively. Great heterogeneity was found in studies for D-dimer, and univariate meta-regression analysis revealed that number of involved joints, disease spectrum, comorbidities influencing D-dimer, and sample sources were the source of heterogeneity. Z test found that the pooled specificity of fibrinogen was significantly higher than D-dimer (0.85 ± 0.01 versus 0.77 ± 0.04, p = 0.03). The pooled positive likelihood ratio of fibrinogen was significantly higher than D-dimer (5.12 ± 0.51 versus 3.38 ± 0.74, p = 0.03). Conclusion Based on currently available evidence, the meta-analysis suggests that fibrinogen performs better than D-dimer as a rule-in diagnostic tool for its higher specificity. However, more prospective trials with larger size are still needed to provide further confirmation. Trial registration This meta-analysis was prospectively registered on PROSPERO (International prospective register of systematic reviews), and the registering number was CRD42020177176.

scholarly journals Synovial calprotectin for the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection: a diagnostic meta-analysis

2022 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyu Peng ◽  
Haitao Zhang ◽  
Pengfei Xin ◽  
Guowen Bai ◽  
Yingjie Ge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Joint Infection ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Diagnostic Score ◽  
Joint Infections

Abstract Background Periprosthetic joint infections (PJI) are a rare but severe complication of total joint arthroplasty (TJA). However, the diagnosis of PJI remains difficult. It is one of the research that focuses about diagnosis for PJI for majority researchers to discover a novel biomarker. This meta-analysis tried to evaluate diagnostic value of synovial calprotectin for PJI. Methods This meta-analysis search of the literature was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Literature quality was appraised using Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS-2) based on RevMan (version 5.3). The diagnostic value of calprotectin for PJI was evaluated by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), diagnostic score and area under SROC (AUC) based on the Stata version 14.0 software. We conduct subgroup analysis according to the study design, cutoff values, the country of study, and gold standard. Results Seven studies were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity of synovial calprotectin for the diagnosis of PJI was 0.94 (95% CI, 0.87–0.98), and the specificity was 0.93 (95% CI, 0.87–0.96). The pooled AUC, PLR, and NLR for synovial calprotectin were 0.98 (95% CI, 0.96–0.99), 13.65 (95% CI, 6.89–27.07), and 0.06 (95% CI, 0.02–0.15), respectively. The pooled diagnostic score and DOR were 5.4 (95% CI, 3.96–6.85) and 222.32 (95% CI, 52.52–941.12), respectively. Conclusion In summary, this meta-analysis indicates that synovial calprotectin is a promising biomarker of assistant diagnosis for PJI, as well as recommended test for excluding diagnostic tool.

scholarly journals The value of glycosylated hemoglobin in the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy: a systematic review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Bingjie Zhang ◽  
Zhulin Zhou ◽  
Yutong Guo ◽  
Dan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Biomedical Literature ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Clinical Value

AbstractObjectiveGlycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) has obvious clinical value in the diagnosis of diabetes, but the conclusions on the diagnostic value of diabetic retinopathy (DR) are not consistent. This study aims to comprehensively evaluate the accuracy of glycosylated hemoglobin in the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy through the meta-analysis of diagnostic tests.MethodsCochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Wanfang Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) were searched until November, 2020. The Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 (QUADAS-2) tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (+LR), negative likelihood ratio (-LR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were calculated by Stata 15.0 software.ResultsAfter screening, 18 high-quality papers were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the combined DOR = 18.19 (95% CI: 10.99–30.11), the sensitivity= 0.81 (95% CI): 0.75 ~ 0.87), specificity = 0.81 (95%CI: 0.72 ~ 0.87), +LR = 4.2 (95%CI: 2.95 ~ 6.00), −LR = 0.23 (95%CI: 0.17 ~ 0.31), and the area under the Summary ROC curve was 0.88 (95%CI:  0.85 ~ 0.90).ConclusionThe overall accuracy of HbA1cC forin diagnosing diabetic retinopathy is good. As it is more stable than blood sugar and is not affected by meals, it may be a suitable indicator for diabetic retinopathy.

scholarly journals Pooled analysis of T2 Candida for rapid diagnosis of candidiasis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Lan Tang ◽  
Xiao Chen ◽  
Chang-Guo Zhu ◽  
Zhong-wei Li ◽  
Yong Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Research Subjects

Abstract Background The present meta-analysis examined the diagnostic accuracy of T2 Candida for candidiasis. Methods The literature databases, such as PubMed, Embase, DVIO, Cochrane library, Web of Science, and CNKI, were searched on T2 Candida detection. Results A total of 8 articles, comprising of 2717 research subjects, were included in the study. The pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.91 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.88–0.94) and 0.94 95% CI: 0.93–0.95), respectively. The pooled positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio was 10.16 (95% CI: 2.75–37.50) and 0.08 (95% CI: 0.02–0.35), respectively. The combined diagnostic odds ratio is 133.65 95% CI: 17.21–1037.73), and the AUC of SROC is 0.9702 [(SE = 0.0235), Q* = 0.9201(SE = 0.0381)]. Conclusions The current evidence supported that T2 Candida has high accuracy and sensitivity and is of major clinical significance in the diagnosis of Candida infection.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Performance of CMR, SPECT, and PET Imaging for the Identification of Coronary Artery Disease: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfeng Xu ◽  
Fei Cai ◽  
Changran Geng ◽  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Xiaobin Tang
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Artery Disease

Background: Myocardial perfusion imaging modalities, such as cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and positron emission tomography (PET), are well-established non-invasive diagnostic methods to detect hemodynamically significant coronary artery disease (CAD). The aim of this meta-analysis is to compare CMR, SPECT, and PET in the diagnosis of CAD and to provide evidence for further research and clinical decision-making.Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched. Studies that used CMR, SPECT, and/or PET for the diagnosis of CAD were included. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnostic odds ratio with their respective 95% confidence interval, and the area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve were calculated.Results: A total of 203 articles were identified for inclusion in this meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity values of CMR, SPECT, and PET were 0.86, 0.83, and 0.85, respectively. Their respective overall specificity values were 0.83, 0.77, and 0.86. Results in subgroup analysis of the performance of SPECT with 201Tl showed the highest pooled sensitivity [0.85 (0.82, 0.88)] and specificity [0.80 (0.75, 0.83)]. 99mTc-tetrofosmin had the lowest sensitivity [0.76 (0.67, 0.82)]. In the subgroup analysis of PET tracers, results indicated that 13N had the lowest pooled sensitivity [0.83 (0.74, 0.89)], and the specificity was the highest [0.91 (0.81, 0.96)].Conclusion: Our meta-analysis indicates that CMR and PET present better diagnostic performance for the detection of CAD as compared with SPECT.

scholarly journals Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Utility of Circular RNAs as Biomarkers of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingqin Hao ◽  
Yadi Han ◽  
Wei Xia ◽  
Qinghui Wang ◽  
Huizhong Qian
Keyword(s):  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Emerging studies have reported circRNAs were dysregulated in HCC. However, the clinical value of these circRNAs remains to be clarified. Herein, we aimed to comprehensively explore their association with the diagnosis, prognosis, and clinicopathological characteristics of HCC. PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were comprehensively searched for eligible studies up to October 30, 2018. The diagnostic effect was evaluated by the pooled sensitivity, specificity, and other indexes. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) for overall survival (OS) and recurrence free survival (RFS) was calculated to assess the prognostic value. Ten studies on diagnosis, 12 on prognosis, and 23 on clinicopathology were identified from the databases. A total of 11 upregulated and 11 downregulated circRNAs showed an association with clinicopathological features of HCC. For the diagnosis analyses, the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of circRNAs for HCC were 0.74 (95%CI: 0.65-0.82) and 0.76 (95%CI: 0.70-0.81), 3.1 (95%CI: 2.5-3.8), 0.34 (95%CI: 0.25-0.47), and 9 (95%CI: 6-14), respectively. The area under SROC curve (AUC) was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.78–0.84), indicating moderate diagnostic accuracy. In stratified analyses, the diagnostic performance of circRNAs varied based on the source of control and specimen type. For the prognosis analyses, increased expression of upregulated circRNAs was associated with worse OS (HR: 3.67, 95%: 2.07-6.48), while high expression of downregulated circRNAs was associated with better OS (HR: 0.38, 95%: 0.30-0.48). In conclusion, this study reveals that circRNAs may serve as promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for HCC. However, further investigations are still required to explore the clinical value of circRNAs.

scholarly journals Prevalence of COVID-19 Diagnostic Output with Chest Computed Tomography: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1023
Author(s):  
Temitope Emmanuel Komolafe ◽  
John Agbo ◽  
Ebenezer Obaloluwa Olaniyi ◽  
Kayode Komolafe ◽  
Xiaodong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Disease Prevalence ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Chest Computed Tomography ◽  
Pooled Prevalence ◽  
History Of

Background: The pooled prevalence of chest computed tomography (CT) abnormalities and other detailed analysis related to patients’ biodata like gender and different age groups have not been previously described for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), thus necessitating this study. Objectives: To perform a meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic performance of chest CT, common CT morphological abnormalities, disease prevalence, biodata information, and gender prevalence of patients. Methods: Studies were identified by searching PubMed and Science Direct libraries from 1 January 2020 to 30 April 2020. Pooled CT positive rate of COVID-19 and RT-PCR, CT-imaging features, history of exposure, and biodata information were estimated using the quality effect (QE) model. Results: Out of 36 studies included, the sensitivity was 89% (95% CI: 80–96%) and 98% (95% CI: 90–100%) for chest CT and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. The pooled prevalence across lesion distribution were 72% (95% CI: 62–80%), 92% (95% CI: 84–97%) for lung lobe, 88% (95% CI: 81–93%) for patients with history of exposure, and 91% (95% CI: 85–96%) for patients with all categories of symptoms. Seventy-six percent (95% CI: 67–83%) had age distribution across four age groups, while the pooled prevalence was higher in the male with 54% (95% CI: 50–57%) and 46% (95% CI: 43–50%) in the female. Conclusions: The sensitivity of RT-PCR was higher than chest CT, and disease prevalence appears relatively higher in the elderly and males than children and females, respectively.

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