The Diagnostic Accuracy of Low-Dose Computed Tomography in Diagnosing Urolithiasis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shichu Liang ◽  
Lingyu Chang ◽  
Cui Wang ◽  
Shengli Lu ◽  
Shihan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Standard Dose ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Index Test ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background: Urolithiasis is a prevalent health issue all over the world,To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of low-lose computed tomography(LDCT) for detecting urolithiasis. Methods: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) was followed. PubMed, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library were searched for original diagnostic studies to identify all relevant studies published prior to May 2020. The index test was LDCT, and the reference standards were comprehensive diagnosis or standard-dose CT (SDCT). Results: 17 studies with 1,761 patients and 2,053 stones were included for the quantitative analysis. The pooled sensitivity was 0.95 (95%CI: 0.93-0.97) in patient-based studies and 0.86 (95%CI: 0.76-0.93) in urolithiasis-based studies. The pooled specificity of LDCT were 0.97 (95%CI: 0.95-0.99) in patient-based studies and 0.98 (95%CI: 0.63-1.00) in urolithiasis-based studies. The Fagan nomogram of LDCT for diagnosis of urolithiasis showed that the probability of urolithiasis is 98% if the LDCT scan is positive and 6% if the LDCT scan is negative. The likelihood ratio plot showed that the summary positive pooled likelihood ratio (LRP) and negative likelihood ratio (LRN) for LDCT was in the left upper quadrant(LUQ) area. Conclusions: LDCT has excellent diagnostic value in urolithiasis. LDCT can detect the urolithiasis specifically, but is limited to differentiate the contents of the stones.

scholarly journals Diagnostic value of endobronchial ultrasound elastography for differentiating benign and malignant hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiangfeng Wu ◽  
Yue Sun ◽  
Yunlai Wang ◽  
Lijing Ge ◽  
Yun Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Endobronchial Ultrasound ◽  
Mediastinal Lymph Nodes ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Aims: In the present study, a meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) elastography for differentiating benign and malignant hilar and mediastinal lymph nodes (LNs). Material and methods: A comprehensive literature search was carried out through PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. Two authors screened the papers and extracted the data independently and any discrepancies were resolved by discussion. The methodolog-ical quality of each included study was assessed by the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2 tool. Sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and area under the curve were calculated to evaluate the value of EBUS elastography for hilar and mediastinal LNs. Results: Seventeen studies with the number of 2307 LNs were included. There was significant heterogeneity across the included studies. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and diagnostic odds ratio for the diagnosis of hilar and mediastinal LNs by EBUS elastography were 0.90 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84-0.94), 0.78 (95% CI, 0.74-0.81), 4.1 (95% CI, 3.4-4.9), 0.12 (95% CI, 0.07-0.21) and 33 (95% CI, 17-64), respectively. Furthermore, area under the curve was calculated to be 0.86 (95% CI, 0.82-0.88). Conclusion: EBUS elastography is a valuable technology in the differentiation of benign and malignant hilar and mediastinal LNs and could provide supplementary diagnostic information during endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration. The combination of EBUS elastography and B-mode EBUS could improve the diagnostic accuracy for hilar and mediastinal LNs.

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts diagnosis and prognosis of patients with hepatocellular: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Lin ◽  
Shiping Hu ◽  
Yun Ran ◽  
Fenfang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Summary Receiver Operating Characteristic ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Background: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is one of the poor prognostic factors of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients. As contradictory data are seen concerning the predictive ability of NLR, a meta-analysis is performed for the determination of its prognostic value in patients with HCC in this study.Methods: We systematically searched several databases including PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library with the updated date of January 21, 2020. Pooled estimates of odds ratio (OR) and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were used to assess the prognostic performance of NLR in HCC patients.Results: Nine studies containing a total of 3,862 HCC patients were included. High baseline NLR was correlated with poor prognosis or recurrence significantly. The patient-based analysis of pooled estimates was as follows: sensitivity 0.68 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.58-0.77], specificity 0.73 (95% CI, 0.61-0.82), and DOR 6.347 (95% CI, 5.450-7.391), respectively. The pooled positive likelihood ratio (PLR) and negative likelihood ratio (NLHR) were 2.5 (95% CI, 1.8-3.6) and 0.43 (95% CI, 0.33-0.57). Furthermore, the area under the curve (AUC) of summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) reflecting the diagnostic accuracy was 0.76 (95% CI, 0.72-0.80). Results obtained from subgroup meta-analyses and overall meta-analyses were accordingly consistent with each other.Conclusions: Our findings suggested that NLR is an efficient prognostic factor for patients with HCC, especially for those from East Asian with high incidence. In the future, trails with larger sample sizes and more high-quality evidence are needed to further enhance the patient outcomes.

scholarly journals Blood-Based Circulating MicroRNAs are Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers for Leukemia: Result from a Meta-Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 939-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li-hua Xu ◽  
Yang Guo ◽  
Xue-Li Zhang ◽  
Jia-jia Chen ◽  
Shao-yan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Circulating Mirnas ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarkers ◽  
Circulating Micrornas

Aims: Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) as biomarkers for leukemia have been validated by emerging studies. This meta-analysis aims to estimate the overall diagnostic accuracy of blood-based circulating miRNAs for leukemia. Methods: We searched multiple databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wan Fang Data and CQVIP) up to June 18, 2015. Results: 32 studies from 10 publications were included in this meta-analysis. Diagnostic capacity was evaluated by pooled sensitivity, specifIcity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC) through random-effects model. Sensitivity analyses were sequentially performed to find potential sources of heterogeneity. The quality of included studies was assessed by QUADAS (quality assessment for studies of diagnostic accuracy). Meta-Disc 1.4 and Stata 12.0 software were used to perform the meta-analysis. A high diagnostic accuracy was displayed, with a sensitivity of 0.84, a specificity of 0.88, a PLR of 7.20, a NLR of 0.18, a DOR of 52, and an AUC of 0.94. Subgroup analyses revealed better performance for combined miRNAs, acute myeloid leukemia patients and Asian population than other subgroups. Conclusion: Our analyses suggested that blood-based circulating miRNAs are promising diagnostic biomarkers for leukemia, especially combined miRNAs. Its clinical application awaits further study.

scholarly journals A Meta-Analysis of the Diagnostic Accuracy of Circular RNAs in Digestive System Malignancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 962-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Chen ◽  
Long Zhang ◽  
Guoyong Han ◽  
Xueliang Zuo ◽  
Yao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Circular Rnas ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Discriminative Ability

Background/Aims: Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a novel class of noncoding RNAs, have been found to be dysregulated in various cancers. However, the clinical application value of these circRNAs in digestive system cancers remains to be clarified. We aimed to comprehensively explore the potential role of circRNAs as diagnostic indicators in digestive system malignancies. Methods: Relevant studies were systematically retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library. The data that were required to complete 2 × 2 contingency tables were obtained from the included studies. Stratified analyses by cancer type, sample size and publication year were performed. Results: Thirteen studies with 2,276 individuals were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of circRNAs in the diagnosis of digestive system malignancy were 0.72 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.65-0.77] and 0.77 (95% CI: 0.72-0.81), respectively. The overall positive likelihood ratio was 3.09 (95% CI: 2.64-3.62), and the overall negative likelihood ratio was 0.37 (95% CI: 0.31-0.44). The pooled diagnostic odds ratio was 8.38 (95% CI: 6.86-10.25), and the overall area under the curve was 0.81 (95% CI: 0.77-0.84), indicating good discriminative ability of circRNAs as biomarkers for digestive system malignancy. Conclusion: circRNAs distinguish patients with digestive system cancer from controls with relatively high diagnostic accuracy. circRNAs may be used as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of digestive system malignancy.

Diagnostic Value of Neutrophil CD64 in Burn Patients with Infection in Chinese Population：A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Chen ◽  
Turxun Nurlan ◽  
Fangyan Ning ◽  
Tianjian Zha ◽  
Xiaolong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Burn Patients ◽  
Neutrophil Cd64

Abstract Background Infection is one of the leading causes of death in burn patients. Many researches regard neutrophil CD64 (nCD64) as a biomarker in the early diagnosis of burn patients with infection. Nevertheless, the conclusions are controversial. Methods A comprehensive analysis of the diagnostic value of nCD64 for burn infection was performed in China using a meta-analysis method. Pubmed, Cochrane library, Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and China Wanfang databases were searched for studies on nCD64 as a diagnostic biomarker of burn patients with infection from the establishment of the databases to September 29, 2020. The data was analyzed by Stata 15.0 software. Results Six studies were identified. The results showed that the pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and DOR were 0.92 (95%CI:0.88~0.95), 0.82 (95%CI:0.76~0.87), 5.10 (95%CI:3.90~6.80), 0.10 (95%CI:0.06~0.15) and 52 (95%CI:29~94), respectively. The area under curve (AUC) was 0.94 (95%CI:0.92~0.94). According to the analysis of the sepsis subgroup, it showed that nCD64 had good diagnostic value in the patients with burn sepsis in Chinese population. Conclusion nCD64 is highly efficient to diagnose burn infection in Chinese population. Therefore, nCD64 could be regarded as a valuable biomarker for early diagnosis of burn infection in China, especially in patients with burn sepsis. Combined with other diagnostic indexes, nCD64 can be clinically used in the early diagnosis of burn infection to improve the sensitivity and specificity.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Monofilament Tests for Detecting Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengyi Wang ◽  
Jiaqi Zhang ◽  
Jiadan Yu ◽  
Shaxin Liu ◽  
Rengang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis

Objective. To systematically evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of monofilament tests for detecting diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Methods. We searched EMBASE (OvidSP), MEDLINE (OvidSP), the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to identify diagnostic accuracy trials of monofilament tests for detecting diabetic peripheral neuropathy. We used a hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristics (HSROC) model to conduct the meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy of monofilament tests for detecting diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Results. A total of 19 comparative trials met the inclusion criteria and were part of the qualitative synthesis. Eight trials using nerve conduction studies as the reference standard were selected for the meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of monofilament tests for detecting diabetic peripheral neuropathy were 0.53 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.32 to 0.74) and 0.88 (95% CI 0.78 to 0.94), respectively. The pooled positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio were 4.56 (95% CI 2.93 to 7.10) and 0.53 (95% CI 0.35 to 0.81), respectively. Conclusions. Our review indicated that monofilament tests had limited sensitivity for screening diabetic peripheral neuropathy. The clinical use of the monofilament test in the evaluation of diabetic peripheral neuropathy cannot be encouraged based on currently available evidence.

scholarly journals The Diagnostic Value of LncRNAs for Bladder Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Chen ◽  
Faiza Naz ◽  
Shi Fu ◽  
Mengran Shi ◽  
Haihao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Odds Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Cochrane Library

Abstract Background: In recent years, qualitative and quantitative analysis of LncRNA has been reported as a potential method for early diagnosis of bladder cancer, but the results from each research are insufficient and not completely consistent. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of LncRNA for BC.Methods: We conducted a diagnostic meta-analysis and the diagnostic significance of LncRNA in blood, urine and tumor tissues was discussed. We searched the PUBMED, EMABASE, and Cochrane Library until June 2020. The current meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.2, Stata 16.0 and Meta-Disc 1.4 software. Results: A total of 18 researches involving early and/or advanced bladder cancer were finally included. The overall diagnostic accuracy was measured as follows: pooled sensitivity and specificity were 0.72 (95%CI:0.70, 0.73) and 0.76 (95%CI: 0.75, 0.78). Pooled positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio were 3.09 (95%CI: 2.66, 3.58) and 0.37 (95%CI: 0.33, 0.42). Combined diagnostic odds ratio was 9.43 (95%CI: 7.30, 12.20). A high diagnostic accuracy was demonstrated by the summary receiver operating characteristic curve, with area under the curve of 0.82 (95%CI: 0.78, 0.85). UCA1 and H19 had the best diagnostic effect, their diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 80%, 79% and 79%, 73% respectively, the combined diagnostic odds ratio was 16.85 and 12.67 respectively.Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggests that LncRNA have great potential in the diagnosis of bladder cancer, UCA1 and H19 had the best diagnostic effect. LncRNA panel is the future development direction in the diagnosis of bladder cancer. However, larger sample researches are needed to further confirm our conclusion.

scholarly journals Potential Diagnostic Value of Circulating miRNA for Multiple Myeloma: A Meta-Analysis.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Ting Zhang ◽  
Shuai-Shuai Gao ◽  
Yan-Jun Wang ◽  
Guo-Xun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Subgroup Analysis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Circulating Mirna

Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second incurable hematological malignancy. In recent years, due to the rise of microRNA (miRNA), many scholars have participated in the study of its value in the diagnosis of MM, and have obtained good but inconsistent results. Therefore, in order to determine the role of miRNA in the early diagnosis of MM, we searched for related studies including PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wanfang Database as of July 20, 2020 to conduct this meta-analysis. To improve the accuracy, the quality assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Study 2 (QUADAS-2) was used. We also applied random effects models to summarize sensitivity and specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and area under the curve (AUC) to measure diagnostic values, and subgroup analysis used to discover potential sources of heterogeneity. Finally, we collected 32 studies from 15 articles that included a total of 2053 MM patients and 1118 healthy controls. The overall sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, DOR and AUC were 0.81, 0.85, 5.5, 0.22, 25 and 0.90, respectively. Subgroup analysis shows that the down-regulation of microRNA clusters with larger samples size of plasma type could carry out a better diagnostic accuracy of MM patients. In addition, publication bias was not found. In conclusion, circulating miRNA could be a potential non-invasive biomarker for early diagnosis of MM. However, multi-center, more rigorous, and larger-scale studies are needed to verify our conclusions.

scholarly journals The performance of Chest CT and Its Imaging Features for Diagnosing Coronavirus Disease 2019: a Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Zhang ◽  
Zhewei Zhao ◽  
Chen Li ◽  
Wen Zhang ◽  
Shuyang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Rt Pcr

Abstract Early diagnosis and isolation of cases are particularly crucial for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in global pandemic. The aim of this study is to determine the diagnostic performance of chest computed tomography (CT) and imaging features for diagnosing COVID-19. Diagnostic accuracy studies of CT and RT-PCR in patients with clinically suspected COVID-19, which were published up to April 25th, 2020 from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. Twelve studies (n=2,204) were included. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of chest CT for detecting COVID-19 were 94.5% (95% confidence interval (CI) 89.5 to 97.2%) and 41.8% (95% CI 24.2 to 61.6%), 1.6 (95% CI: 1.6-2.3), 0.13 (95% CI: 0.06-0.31), and 12.4 (95% CI: 4.0-38.5), respectively. Initial RT-PCR revealed a better diagnostic performance. Peripheral lesions, bilateral involvement, multiple lesions, and ground-glass opacities (GGO), revealed to be with better diagnostic value than other CT manifestations. Using chest CT for COVID-19 diagnosis has a high sensitivity and a relatively low specificity. Bilateral multiple peripheral lesions and GGO revealed to be with better diagnostic value. For areas with high prevalence, chest CT could be a good screening test to preliminary screen patients with COVID-19 quickly.

scholarly journals The Role of circRNAs in the Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ru-Dong Li ◽  
Min Guan ◽  
Zhe Zhou ◽  
Shu-Xiao Dong ◽  
Qian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Negative Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Diagnostic Biomarker ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Background: A novel category of non-coding circular RNAs (circRNAs) has been found to be dysregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) and significantly contribute to its progression. However, the feasibility of using circRNA as a diagnostic biomarker for CRC remains to be elucidated. Herein, we aimed to comprehensively collect and analyze evidence regarding the potential application of circRNAs as diagnostic indicators for CRC.Methods: A comprehensive retrieval of relevant studies dating from January, 2015 to December 2020, was carried out in PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Data regarding the diagnostic accuracy of circRNA for CRC, including sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the curve (AUC), were obtained from the included studies. Quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies (QUADAS-2) was used to assess the methodological quality of each study. Statistical analysis was performed using STAT and RevMan software.Results: Eighteen studies, involving a total of 2021 individuals, were included in the present meta-analysis. The specimens examined included tissue, serum, and plasma. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, DOR, PLR, NLR, and AUC, with a 95% confidence interval (CI), of circRNAs in the diagnosis of CRC were 0.78 (0.71–0.83), 0.73 (0.68–0.78), 9.68 (6.76–13.85), 2.92 (2.45–3.50), 0.30 (0.23–0.39), and 0.81 (0.78–0.85), respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that the upregulated circRNAs in the tissue or plasma possessed relatively higher diagnostic values for CRC than the downregulated circRNAs. There was no significant difference between the tissue-derived and non-tissue-derived circRNA subgroups.Conclusion: circRNA may be used as a diagnostic biomarker for CRC because of its relatively high diagnostic accuracy in distinguishing CRC patients from normal controls. Further prospective studies are needed to identify more representative circRNAs as diagnostic markers for CRC.

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