scholarly journals Modification of DNMTs Gene Expressions by GST O1 and GST O2 Polymorphism in Chronic Arsenic Exposed People with and without malignancy from West Bengal, India.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarmishtha Chanda ◽  
Jayashree Roy ◽  
Aditi Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Tushar Chakraborty ◽  
Debendranath Guha Mazumder
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Expression Profile ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Cumulative Exposure ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Skin Manifestations ◽  
Arsenical Skin Lesions

Abstract Background: Chronic Arsenic exposure causes skin manifestations and even cancer. However, the response varies widely among persons despite receiving similar cumulative exposure through their food or drinking water or both. These differentiations in manifestations may be due to polymorphic distribution of arsenic metabolizing genes among exposed people. Method: Polymorphism of GSTO1, GSTO2 and their frequency distribution may modify skin manifestations and development of arsenic induced cancer in exposed persons through food chain. Polymorphic variations of GSTO1 and GSTO2 have been studied on 112 subject including control. They were recruited from one of major arsenic affected district, Nadia of West Bengal, India, having high arsenic content in their food. Exposed subjects were categorized into three groups, i.e, with arsenical skin lesions and with out arsenical skin lesions and arsenic induced cancer. Control subjects were 33 in number. Concentration of arsenic in their urine, hair, drinking water, food, extent of clinical manifestations, GST O1and O2status was determined. DNMT1, 3A, and 3B were studied for their expression profile and analyzed with GSTO1 and O2 polymorphisms. Result: Genetic polymorphism of GSTO1 gene polymorphism is significantly associated with arsenic induced skin scores in skin lesion positive cases and arsenic induced cancer cases and also significant increase is seen in DNMT expression and MDA level in exposed cases with homozygous wild type variants. Total urinary arsenic decreases significantly in wild type GSTO1 genotype, although, GSTO2 polymorphism showed no statistically significant differences in skin manifestations, and DNMTs expression. Frequency of GSTO1 and O2 polymorphic variety showed prevalence of wild type homozygous in arsenic induced cancer cases.Conclusion: GSTO1 polymorphism shows significant association with DNMT expression profile in arsenic exposed people.

scholarly journals Skin manifestation in COVID-19 infection: a thousand appearances (immune response perspective)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 776
Author(s):  
Yohanes Firmansyah ◽  
Jessica Elizabeth ◽  
Sukmawati Tansil Tan
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Absolute Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Skin Manifestation ◽  
Skin Manifestations ◽  
Initial Symptoms

<p>The clinical manifestations of COVID-19 infection are still unclear. The spectrum of the disease is very broad, with many target organs; one of them is skin. Various skin manifestations have been observed in COVID-19 patients. However, the observed skin manifestation was not specific. This following case series aims to provide an overview of skin manifestations in COVID-19 to help recognize the initial symptoms of COVID-19 infection. This case series also compares cases with and without skin manifestations. This case series discusses seven cases, which the patient had close contact, who had been diagnosed with confirmed COVID-19 by polymerise chain reaction (PCR) examination. The clinical symptoms were mild, such as fever, cough, sore throat, myalgia, malaise, headache, and skin lesions. There are few differences in in complete blood laboratories. Radiology features within normal limits. All patients were given a treatment regimen according to the Indonesian lung association recommendations and symptomatic drugs. Three of seven cases had skin manifestation, which two of them had a maculopapular lesion, and the other one had urticaria lesions. Subjective symptoms, such as itching and burning sensation, were reported. The majority of lesions were localized on the upper and lower limb. Also, in this following case series, there is a tendency for complete blood parameters, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) to be lower in mild cases of confirmed COVID-19 with skin manifestations. It can be concluded that COVID-19 infection may result in skin manifestation with various clinical presentations. This important manifestation may help in diagnosing and treating COVID-19 and prevent further transmission.</p>

scholarly journals Nutritional deficiency and arsenical manifestations: a perspective study in an arsenic-endemic region of West Bengal, India

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1644-1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debasree Deb ◽  
Anirban Biswas ◽  
Aloke Ghose ◽  
Arabinda Das ◽  
Kunal K Majumdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Nutritional Deficiency ◽  
Endemic Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Arsenical Skin Lesions ◽  
Group 1

AbstractObjectiveTo assess whether nutritional deficiency increases susceptibility to arsenic-related health effects.DesignAssessment of nutrition was based on a 24 h recall method of all dietary constituents.SettingEpidemiological cross-sectional study was conducted in an arsenic-endemic area of West Bengal with groundwater arsenic contamination.SubjectsThe study was composed of two groups – Group 1 (cases,n108) exhibiting skin lesions and Group 2 (exposed controls,n100) not exhibiting skin lesions – age- and sex-matched and having similar arsenic exposure through drinking water and arsenic levels in urine and hair.ResultsBoth groups belonged to low socio-economic strata (Group 1 significantly poorer,P< 0·01) and had low BMI (prevalence of BMI < 18·5 kg/m2: in 38 % in Group 1 and 27 % in Group 2). Energy intake was below the Recommended Daily Allowance (set by the Indian Council of Medical Research) in males and females in both groups. Increased risk of arsenical skin lesions was found for those in the lowest quintile of protein intake (v. highest quintile: OR = 4·60, 95 % CI 1·36, 15·50 in males; OR = 5·62, 95 % CI 1·19, 34·57 in females). Significantly lower intakes of energy, protein, thiamin, niacin, Mg, Zn and choline were observed in both males and females of Group 1 compared with Group 2. Significantly lower intakes of carbohydrate, riboflavin, niacin and Cu were also observed in female cases with skin lesions compared with non-cases.ConclusionsDeficiencies of Zn, Mg and Cu, in addition to protein, B vitamins and choline, are found to be associated with arsenical skin lesions in West Bengal.

scholarly journals Literature review: manifestation of skin lesion on COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 327
Author(s):  
Yohanes Firmansyah ◽  
Sukmawati Tansil Tan ◽  
Jessica Elizabeth ◽  
Christopher Lauren
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Maculopapular Rash ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Viral Etiology ◽  
Skin Manifestations ◽  
Common Skin ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Early Diagnose

<p>New cases of pneumonia, which spread rapidly and are deadly, have spread throughout the world. This disease is known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with a viral etiology in the form of novel coronavirus 2019 (2019-nCoV). This disease has extensive clinical manifestations starting from the lungs, hematology system, heart, nerves, reproduction, and the skin. The thing to be aware of is that the skin manifestations in the form of atypical lesions are often found in COVID-19. Common skin manifestations on COVID-19 are erythema-edema with vesicles or pustules (pseudo-chilblain), vesicular eruption, maculopapular rash, urticaria, and livedo lesion. This literature review discusses comprehensively what kind of skin lesions can be suspected of being part of a COVID-19 infection. This literature review is useful for increasing the awareness of doctors about COVID-19 infection and may help in early diagnose of COVID-19 infection and prevent further transmission.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>

scholarly journals Urticaria-like rash in a patient with COVID-19 associated pneumonia of moderate severity: aspects of pathogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
Ekaterina V. Orlova ◽  
L. M. Smirnova ◽  
N. I. Melikova ◽  
K. Yu. Popova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Case ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Infection Process ◽  
Moderate Severity ◽  
Skin Manifestations ◽  
General Weakness

In mid 2020, the number of new coronavirus (COVID-19) cases has exceeded globally six million. The clinical manifestations of COVID-19 infection are numerous mostly causing damage to the bronchopulmonary system in the form of a dry cough, rhinitis, dyspnea, fever, myalgia, and general weakness. Skin manifestations of COVID-19 are rare and currently include five types of skin lesions occurring during the infection process, which are reliably recorded in only a limited number of case reports and certain analytical publications. This article describes the clinical case of a 28-year-old patient with urticaria-like disseminated rash and confirmed COVID-19-associated pneumonia.

SKIN LESIONS IN CHILDREN WITH COVID-19-ASSOCIATED MULTISYSTEM INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 259-265
Author(s):  
O.B. Tamrazova ◽  
◽  
I.M. Osmanov ◽  
A.S. Stadnikova ◽  
L.N. Mazankova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Chinese American ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Disease Course ◽  
Skin Manifestations ◽  
Mucous Membranes ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Inflammatory Syndrome ◽  
First Time

The pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, continues to develop. The first data indicated that children tolerate this infection much easier than adults, the disease course is generally asymptomatic and mild. Chinese, American and European scientists described a variety of skin manifestations in children with COVID-19 coronavirus infection. The article presents literature data on skin manifestations in children, characteristic for COVID-19. In April 2020, the description of a new severe inflammatory syndrome in children associated with SARS-CoV-2, called multisystem inflammation syndrome (MIS), appeared for the first time. The article presents literature data on MIS clinical manifestations and its incidence. The authors describe clinical observation of MIS development in a 7-year-old child with COVID-19 and with lesions of the skin and mucous membranes.

scholarly journals POS0780 SKIN LESIONS IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS AND ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 643.2-644
Author(s):  
A. Shumilova ◽  
F. Cheldieva ◽  
T. Reshetnyak ◽  
A. Lila
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Past History ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Skin Manifestations ◽  
Increased Risk

Background:In more than 40% of cases, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with the presence of highly positive antiphospholipid antibodies, with 50-70% of patients developing antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) over the next 10 years of the disease. Both diseases have similar and different clinical manifestations of skin lesions. The variety of skin lesions in SLE and APS requires a differential diagnosis and can make it difficult to diagnose a systemic autoimmune disease in a timely manner.Objectives:To study the frequency of skin manifestations in SLE and APS, depending on the positivity of aPL.Methods:The study included 116 patients with SLE (104 women and 12 men), mean age 37.9±12.9, disease duration 8.5 [1.15-13.0]; 40 patients with APS (33 women and 7 men), mean age 36.2±9.39. All patients were evaluated for skin lesions, and patients with APS were determined by IgG/IgM-aCL and IgG/IgM-aß2HP1 by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA), 19 of them were determined by IgA-aCL, IgA-aß2HP1 and IgG-aß2HP1-D1 chemiluminescence analysis (CMA).Results:Acute skin lesions in past history were noted in 58 (50%) patients, chronic lesions -I n 21 (18.1%) patients; photosensivity and alopecia were indicated in 46 (39.6%) patients, mucosal lesions were noted in 36 (31%) of 116 patients, which corresponds to the literature data on the frequency of skin lesions and its appendages in SLE. At the time of inclusion in the study, skin lesions were detected in 20 patients. Score according to the CLASI index in patients with skin lesions: activity index=1.55 [0-22]; damage index=1.81 [0-36].Skin lesions are the second most common signs of SLE onset (debut in 26 (22.4%) patients), second only to arthritis (38 (32.5%) patients), while the detection of immunological disorders (highly positive ab to dsDNA) was observed in 7 patients (6%) with reliable APS and probable SLE, who may not have had time to develop a clinic for reliable SLE.Livedo, as one of the most frequent skin manifestations of APS, was detected in 60 patients and was significantly associated with IgM-aCL and IgM-aß2HP1 positivity (p<0.0001). Significantly, positivity for IgG-aCL, IgG-aß2HP1 and IgG-aß2HP1-D1 (p=0.0001) and IgA-aCL (p=0.008) was associated with the development of comminuted hemorrhages, which occurred in 7 patients with APS and was associated with positivity of IgG-aCL, IgG-aß2HP1, IgG-aß2HP1-D1 (p=0.0001) and IgA-aCL (p=0.008).The development of ulcerative-necrotic vasculitis with deep skin necrosis was observed in 3 patients, 2 of them were highly positive for IgG-aCL, IgG-aß2HP1, IgG-aß2HP1-D1. Melanoma was detected in the past history in 2 patients with highly positive for IgG-aCL, which is not a manifestation of the underlying disease, but confirms an increased risk of malignancy with aPL-positivity.Conclusion:More than half of the patients had acute skin lesions, and about a quarter of the cases had skin lesions at the onset of the disease. The presence of comminuted hemorrhages was associated with positivity of IgG-aCL, IgG-aß2HP1, IgG-aß2HP1-D1) and IgA-aCL. Assessment of skin activity and damage (in particular, according to the CLASI index) is necessary for a comprehensive analysis of the dynamics of the disease and the response to therapy. The detection of aPL is necessary not only for the purpose of predicting thrombotic catastrophes, but also for the development of skin manifestations of APS.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals ARSENIC POLLUTION AND REMEDIAL MEASURES IN WEST BENGAL: AN OVERVIEW

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-56
Author(s):  
Abhijnan Bhat ◽  
Subhas Chandra Bhat
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Arsenic Exposure ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Arsenic Species ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Arsenic Toxicity ◽  
Delta Plain ◽  
Alternative Water ◽  
Arsenical Skin Lesions

During the past twenty years, Arsenic (As) contamination via groundwater has become a significant issue worldwide and is now a serious concern within the Indo-Bangladesh Gangetic delta. Arsenic enters physical body through contaminated groundwater consumed as beverage. Food safety in this region is facing severe consequences as bio-accumulation of Arsenic is happening through food crops irrigated with As-contaminated water. Chronic exposure to Arsenic may cause not only cancerous and non-cancer health effects. Reports suggest that about 20% population in West Bengal is very affected. Various techniques are being introduced to supply arsenic-free beverage at a reasonable cost. But a rigorous change in habit and state of mind for procuring safe beverage in those surviving in As-contaminated zones is that the most essential step towards curbing the fatal consequences of arsenic exposure. Harvesting rain water and utilization of proper purification techniques are often considered a possible alternative of safe beverage. Arsenic in groundwater above the WHO maximum permissible limit of 0.01 mg l−1 has been found in six districts of West Bengal covering a neighborhood of 34 000 km2 with a population of 30 million. at the present, 37 administrative blocks by the side of the River Ganga and adjoining areas are affected. Areas suffering from arsenic contamination in groundwater are all located within the upper delta plain, and are mostly within the abandoned meander belt. Quite 8,00,000 people from 312 villages/wards are affected with arsenic contaminated beverage and amongst them a minimum of 175 000 people show arsenical skin lesions. Thousands of tube-well waters in these six districts are analyzed for arsenic species. Hair, nails, scales, urine, liver tissue analyses show elevated concentrations of arsenic in people drinking arsenic-contaminated water for an extended period. The source of the arsenic is geological. Bore-hole sediment analyses show high arsenic concentrations in just few soil layers which is found to be related to iron-pyrites. Various social problems arise thanks to arsenical skin lesions in these districts. Poor socio-economic conditions, malnutrition, illiteracy, food habits and intake of arsenic-contaminated water for several years have aggravated the arsenic toxicity. altogether these districts, major water demands are met from groundwater and therefore the geochemical reaction, caused by high withdrawal of water could also be the explanation for arsenic leaching from the source. If alternative water resources aren't utilised, an honest percentage of the 30 million people of those six districts may suffer from arsenic toxicity within the near future.

Arsenic in Drinking Water and Skin Lesions: Dose-Response Data from West Bengal, India

Epidemiology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reina Haque ◽  
D. N. Guha Mazumder ◽  
Sambit Samanta ◽  
Nilima Ghosh ◽  
David Kalman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Response Data

scholarly journals Status of groundwater arsenic contamination and human suffering in a Gram Panchayet (cluster of villages) in Murshidabad, one of the nine arsenic affected districts in West Bengal, India

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman ◽  
Mrinal Kumar Sengupta ◽  
Sad Ahamed ◽  
Uttam Kumar Chowdhury ◽  
Dilip Lodh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Working Condition ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Arsenic Contamination ◽  
Surface Water Resources ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Groundwater Arsenic ◽  
The Status ◽  
Clinical Survey ◽  
Arsenical Skin Lesions

A detailed study was carried out in a cluster of villages known as Sagarpara Gram Panchayet (GP), covering an area of 20 km2 and population of 24,419 to determine the status of groundwater arsenic contamination and related health effects. The arsenic analysis of all hand tubewells (n = 565) in working condition showed, 86.2% and 58.8% of them had arsenic above 10, and 50 μg l−1, respectively. The groundwater samples from all 21 villages in Sagarpara GP contained arsenic above 50 μg l−1. In our preliminary clinical survey across the 21 villages, 3,302 villagers were examined and 679 among them (20.6%) were registered with arsenical skin lesions. A total of 850 biological samples (hair, nail and urine) were analysed from the affected villages and, on average, 85% of them contained arsenic above the normal level. Thus, many people of Sagarpara might be sub-clinically affected. Our data was compared with the international one to estimate population in Sagarpara GP at risk from arsenical skin lesions and cancer. Proper watershed management and economical utilization of available surface water resources along with the villagers' participation is urgently required to combat the present arsenic crisis.

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