scholarly journals The Interaction of Osteochondropathy, Reduced Dietary Phosphorus Level and Mycoplasma Hyosynoviae in the Onset of Lameness in Fattening Pigs: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birte Wegner ◽  
Jörg Tenhündfeld ◽  
Johanna Vogels ◽  
Marius Beumer ◽  
Josef Kamphues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Aetiological Factor ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Phosphorus Level ◽  
Dietary Phosphorus ◽  
Claw Lesions ◽  
Mycoplasma Hyosynoviae ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fattening Pigs

Abstract BackgroundVarious diagnostic procedures, their results and interpretation in a case with severe lameness in fattening pigs are described. It is shown, that selected diagnostic steps lead to identification of the key factors for disease development in the respective herd. One focus is the assessment of the impact of reduced dietary phosphorus level on disease development.Case presentationIn a farrow-to-finishing farm lameness occurred in pigs with 40-70 kg body weight. Necropsy of three diseased pigs revealed claw lesions and alterations at the knee and elbow joints. Histological findings were characteristic for osteochondropathia. All pigs were positively tested for Mycoplasma hyosynoviae in affected joints. In addition, analysis of diet composition revealed a low phosphorus content in two diets, which might had led to insufficient supply in individuals with high average daily gains with respect to development of bone mass and connective tissue. The impact of dietary factors for disease development could not be verified in the selected animals by blood analysis and bone ashings in this case. Finally, change in feed and antibiotic treatment of individual animals led to improvement of clinical symptoms.ConclusionsMycoplasma hyosynoviae was identified to be an important aetiological factor for disease. Other, non-infectious factors, as osteochondrosis and claw lesions might have triggered development of disease. A calculated marginal phosphor supply for pigs with high growth rates in a limited time period might further had weakened cartilage and connective tissue, and facilitated adherence of infectious agents in joints. Diagnostic of insufficient phosphorus supply by blood analysis and bone ashing might be not successful, when it occurs temporarily in time periods prior to sampling.

scholarly journals Lameness in fattening pigs – Mycoplasma hyosynoviae, osteochondropathy and reduced dietary phosphorus level as three influencing factors: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Wegner ◽  
J. Tenhündfeld ◽  
J. Vogels ◽  
M. Beumer ◽  
J. Kamphues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Dietary Phosphorus ◽  
Claw Lesions ◽  
Mycoplasma Hyosynoviae ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fattening Pigs ◽  
P Supply

Abstract Background Multiple diagnostic procedures, their results and interpretation in a case with severe lameness in fattening pigs are described. It is shown that selected diagnostic steps lead to identification of various risk factors for disease development in the affected herd. One focus of this case report is the prioritization of diagnostic steps to verify the impact of the different conditions, which finally led to the clinical disorder. Assessing a sufficient dietary phosphorus (P) supply and its impact on disease development proved most difficult. The diagnostic approach based on estimated calculation of phosphorus intake is presented in detail. Case presentation On a farrow-to-finishing farm, lameness occurred in pigs with 30–70 kg body weight. Necropsy of three diseased pigs revealed claw lesions and alterations at the knee and elbow joints. Histologic findings were characteristic of osteochondrosis. All pigs were positively tested for Mycoplasma hyosynoviae in affected joints. P values in blood did not indicate a P deficiency, while bone ashing in one of three animals resulted in a level indicating an insufficient mineral supply. Analysis of diet composition revealed a low phosphorus content in two diets, which might have led to a marginal P supply in individuals with high average daily gains with respect to development of bone mass and connective tissue prior to presentation of affected animals. Finally, the impact of dietary factors for disease development could not be evidenced in all submitted animals in this case. Conclusions Mycoplasma (M.) hyosynoviae was identified to be an important etiologic factor for disease. Other, non-infectious factors, such as osteochondrosis and claw lesions might have favored development of lameness. In addition, a relevant marginal P supply for pigs was found in a limited time period in a phase of intense growing, but the potential interaction with infection by M. hyosynoviae is unknown. The presented case of severe lameness in fattening pigs revealed that three different influences presumably act in pathogenesis. Focusing only on one factor and ignoring others might be misleading regarding subsequent decision-making for prevention and therapy. Finally, clinical symptoms disappeared after some changes in diet composition and anti-inflammatory treatment of individual animals.

scholarly journals Lameness in fattening pigs – Mycoplasma hyosynoviae, osteochondropathy and reduced dietary phosphorus level as three influencing factors: A case report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birte Wegner ◽  
Jörg Tenhündfeld ◽  
Johanna Vogels ◽  
Marius Beumer ◽  
Josef Kamphues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Dietary Phosphorus ◽  
Claw Lesions ◽  
Mycoplasma Hyosynoviae ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fattening Pigs ◽  
P Supply

Abstract Background: Multiple diagnostic procedures, their results and interpretation in a case with severe lameness in fattening pigs are described. It is shown that selected diagnostic steps lead to identification of various risk factors for disease development in the affected herd. One focus of this case report is the prioritization of diagnostic steps to verify the impact of the different conditions, which finally led to the clinical disorder. Disease is the consequence of previously acting factors, and the involved diagnostic institute is the last stage in the timeline. Some diagnostic findings might therefore no longer be significant. Assessing a sufficient dietary phosphorus (P) supply and its impact on disease development proved most difficult. The diagnostic approach based on estimated calculation of phosphorus intake is presented in detail.Case presentation: On a farrow-to-finishing farm, lameness occurred in pigs with 30-70 kg body weight. Necropsy of three diseased pigs revealed claw lesions and alterations at the knee and elbow joints. Histologic findings were characteristic of osteochondrosis. All pigs were positively tested for Mycoplasma hyosynoviae in affected joints. P values in blood did not indicate a P deficiency, while bone ashing in one of three animals resulted in a level indicating an insufficient mineral supply. Analysis of diet composition revealed a low phosphorus content in two diets, which might have led to a marginal P supply in individuals with high average daily gains with respect to development of bone mass and connective tissue prior to presentation of affected animals. Finally, the impact of dietary factors for disease development could not be evidenced in all submitted animals in this case.Conclusions: Mycoplasma (M.) hyosynoviae was identified to be an important etiologic factor for disease. Other, non-infectious factors, such as osteochondrosis and claw lesions might have favored development of lameness. In addition, a relevant marginal P supply for pigs was found in a limited time period in a phase of intense growing, but the potential interaction with infection by M. hyosynoviae is unknown. The presented case of severe lameness in fattening pigs revealed that three different influences presumably act in pathogenesis. Focusing only on one factor and ignoring others might be misleading regarding subsequent decision-making for prevention and therapy. Finally, clinical symptoms disappeared after some changes in diet composition and anti-inflammatory treatment of individual animals.

scholarly journals Lameness in fattening pigs – Mycoplasma hyosynoviae, osteochondropathy and reduced dietary phosphorus level as three influencing factors: A case report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birte Wegner ◽  
Jörg Tenhündfeld ◽  
Johanna Vogels ◽  
Marius Beumer ◽  
Josef Kamphues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Dietary Phosphorus ◽  
Claw Lesions ◽  
Mycoplasma Hyosynoviae ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fattening Pigs ◽  
P Supply

Abstract BackgroundMultiple diagnostic procedures, their results and interpretation in a case with severe lameness in fattening pigs are described. It is shown that selected diagnostic steps lead to identification of various risk factors for disease development in the affected herd. One focus of this case report is the prioritization of diagnostic steps to verify the impact of the different conditions, which finally led to the clinical disorder. Assessing a sufficient dietary phosphorus (P) supply and its impact on disease development proved most difficult. The diagnostic approach based on estimated calculation of phosphorus intake is presented in detail.Case presentationOn a farrow-to-finishing farm, lameness occurred in pigs with 30-70 kg body weight. Necropsy of three diseased pigs revealed claw lesions and alterations at the knee and elbow joints. Histologic findings were characteristic of osteochondrosis. All pigs were positively tested for Mycoplasma hyosynoviae in affected joints. P values in blood did not indicate a P deficiency, while bone ashing in one of three animals resulted in a level indicating an insufficient mineral supply. Analysis of diet composition revealed a low phosphorus content in two diets, which might have led to a marginal P supply in individuals with high average daily gains with respect to development of bone mass and connective tissue prior to presentation of affected animals. Finally, the impact of dietary factors for disease development could not be evidenced in all submitted animals in this case.ConclusionsMycoplasma (M.) hyosynoviae was identified to be an important etiologic factor for disease. Other, non-infectious factors, such as osteochondrosis and claw lesions might have favored development of lameness. In addition, a relevant marginal P supply for pigs was found in a limited time period in a phase of intense growing, but the potential interaction with infection by M. hyosynoviae is unknown. The presented case of severe lameness in fattening pigs revealed that three different influences presumably act in pathogenesis. Focusing only on one factor and ignoring others might be misleading regarding subsequent decision-making for prevention and therapy. Finally, clinical symptoms disappeared after some changes in diet composition and anti-inflammatory treatment of individual animals.

scholarly journals Clonal approaches to understanding the impact of mutations on hematologic disease development

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (13) ◽  
pp. 1436-1445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Nangalia ◽  
Emily Mitchell ◽  
Anthony R. Green
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Mutations ◽  
Clonal Selection ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Driver Mutations ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Tumor Evolution ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Hematopoietic Tissue ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Interrogation of hematopoietic tissue at the clonal level has a rich history spanning over 50 years, and has provided critical insights into both normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Characterization of chromosomes identified some of the first genetic links to cancer with the discovery of chromosomal translocations in association with many hematological neoplasms. The unique accessibility of hematopoietic tissue and the ability to clonally expand hematopoietic progenitors in vitro has provided fundamental insights into the cellular hierarchy of normal hematopoiesis, as well as the functional impact of driver mutations in disease. Transplantation assays in murine models have enabled cellular assessment of the functional consequences of somatic mutations in vivo. Most recently, next-generation sequencing–based assays have shown great promise in allowing multi-“omic” characterization of single cells. Here, we review how clonal approaches have advanced our understanding of disease development, focusing on the acquisition of somatic mutations, clonal selection, driver mutation cooperation, and tumor evolution.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of a new biological product Spud on the basis of Bacillus subtilis in the cultivation of potatoes

2019 ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Marina Konstantinovna Derevyagina ◽  
Svetlana Viktorovna Vasilyeva ◽  
Grigory Leonidovich Belov ◽  
Vladimir Nikolaevich Zeyruk ◽  
Irina Igorevna Novikova
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Dry Rot ◽  
Potato Blight ◽  
Potato Plants ◽  
Moderate Disease ◽  
Rhizoctonia Disease ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fungistatic Effect ◽  
New Crop

It is shown the efficiency of the application of preparative forms (dry and liquid) of Kartofin during the growing season 2016-2018 years against major diseases of potatoes and the impact on the growth and development of culture. Biopreparation possesses high fungistatic effect, protecting potato plants against rhizoctonia disease, potato blight and late blight under field conditions and tubers of the new crop from dry rot. In years of low and moderate disease development, the effectiveness of the studied Potato biopreparation on the Sante variety was at the level of the reference chemical variant, equally reducing the distribution and degree of disease development. In the years of epiphytotic disease development fungistatic effect of the biopreparation was inferior in efficiency to chemical fungicides, but had a significant protective effect compared to the control, reducing the distribution of rhizoctonia disease by 22.5%, potato blightby 20.7%, late blight by 12.8% on average. The results of tuberous analyses after harvesting showed a decrease in the percentage of tuber damage by dry rot in variants with Kartofin (1.7 and 1.4%). The yield of the standard potatoes after application of Kartofin was slightly higher than in the control – by  5.1–7.7%.

scholarly journals Latent factors of the components of physical development in children and adolescents of the northern region with undifferentiated connective tissue displasion

2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Igor Andreevich Shevnin ◽  
Pavel Borisovich Tatarintsev ◽  
Olga V. Ragozina ◽  
Natalia A. Ilyushchenko ◽  
Oleg N. Ragozin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Front Surface ◽  
Physical Development ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Anthropometric Indicators ◽  
Face Width ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Connective Tissue Dysplasia ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. In connection with the spread of undifferentiated forms of connective tissue dysplasia (UCTD) in unfavorable climatogeographic and environmental conditions, it seems relevant to assess the impact of organogenesis disorders on physical development in schoolchildren living in the northern region. Based on the foregoing, the purpose of this study was to study the relationships and interdependencies of the components of physical development and somatometric indicators in children of the northern region with phenotypic signs of connective tissue dysplasia. Anthropometric indicators were revealed that can be used for express diagnostics of the level of physical development in children with UCTD these are the length of the legs, the thickness of the skin-fat fold on the front surface of the shoulder and the interorbital-circumferential index. When assessing covariants such as age and sex, there is a correlation of clusters of long-length values with age, the relationship of the thickness of the skin-fat folds with the floor, and the parameters assessing changes in the cerebral and facial skull, such as: face width, head circumference and interorbital-circumferential index are associated with both sex and with age. The influence of posture disorders on the studied components of physical development is manifested by higher growth in children with flat and round-curved backs, a decrease in the thickness of skin-fat folds and head size with a round and round-curved back. Thus, for a comparative analysis of gender and age differences in the level of physical development in children with UCTD, it is necessary to take into account the dynamics of interdependent anthropometric indicators and indices, taking into account postural disorders.

Does Ramadan Fasting Affect Hydration Status and Kidney Function in CKD Patients?

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shadia Hassan ◽  
Fadi Hassan ◽  
Nur Abbas ◽  
Kamal Hassan ◽  
Nihal Khatib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Function ◽  
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Ramadan Fasting ◽  
Reasonable Degree ◽  
Fast Control ◽  
The Impact

Background/Aims: This study is the first of its kind to examine the impact of the Ramadan fasting on hydration status, plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, and kidney function in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patient. Methods: This prospective cohort study included 2 groups of patients with CKD grades 2–4: thirty-one Muslim patients who fasted the month of Ramadan (fasting group) and 26 Muslim patients who did not fast (control group). One week before the Ramadan fast, in the last week of the month of Ramadan (4 weeks), and 4 weeks after the end of the Ramadan month (8 weeks), hydration status and blood analysis of urea, creatinine and BNP levels were measured. Results: Among fasting patients, serum urea levels increased significantly (p = 0.024) during the last week of fasting and returned to basal levels at 4 weeks after the end of the Ramadan month, the estimated glomerular filtration rate did not change significantly at the end of fasting (p = 0.411), the hydration status indices and plasma BNP levels were significantly decreased after fasting (p ≤ 0.021) but returned to basal values 4 weeks thereafter. Conclusions: Patients with CKD grades 2–4 can fast throughout the month of Ramadan with no significant deterioration of renal functions and with a reasonable degree of safety.

Acute Effects of an Inorganic Phosphorus Additive on Mineral Metabolism and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Healthy Subjects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christin Volk ◽  
Benjamin Schmidt ◽  
Corinna Brandsch ◽  
Tabea Kurze ◽  
Ulf Schlegelmilch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Dietary Phosphorus ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Context Hyperphosphatemia and high levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) are risk factors for cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney diseases. However, the impact of an inorganic phosphorus additive in healthy people is largely unknown. Objective We aimed to investigate the acute effect of excessive dietary phosphorus administered as sodium dihydrogen phosphate on the postprandial levels of Pi and FGF23 and the response to food. Methods This study was a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover study with 29 healthy male and female participants from the general community who were administered a single dose of either 700 mg phosphorus (NaH2PO4) or a sodium-adjusted placebo in combination with a test meal. Postprandial plasma levels of Pi and FGF23 were measured. Results Compared with placebo, oral phosphorus increased the plasma Pi level, which remained elevated during the ensuing 8 hours (at 480 minutes: 1.31 vs 1.16 mmol/l; P < 0.001), increased urinary Pi (iAUC0-480 789 vs 95 mmol/mmol; P < 0.001), reduced tubular Pi reabsorption (iAUC0-480 −31.5 vs −6.2; P < 0.001), decreased urinary calcium (iAUC0-240 30.6 vs 53.0 mmol/mmol; P = 0.009), and stimulated the release of parathyroid hormone (iAUC0-480 2212 vs 768 ng/l; P < 0.001). However, the FGF23 levels did not change. Postprandial levels of glucose, insulin, and lipids were not substantially affected by phosphorus vs placebo. Conclusion An oral phosphorus load can induce elevated postprandial levels of circulating Pi for hours in healthy subjects, despite rapid homeostatic counterreactions. FGF23 levels and the postprandial response to food were not affected.

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