scholarly journals Assessments of immune response to vaccines of transmissible gastroenteritis virus inactivated by different agents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fujie Zhao ◽  
Lintao Liu ◽  
Menglong Xu ◽  
Xiangli Shu ◽  
LanLan Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
Lymphocyte Subset ◽  
Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus ◽  
Gastroenteritis Virus ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Transmissible Gastroenteritis ◽  
Igg Level ◽  
T Lymphocyte Subset

Abstract Background: Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) could cause swine enteric infection, which is characterized by vomiting, severe diarrhea and dehydration, and the mortality in suckling piglets is often high up to 100%. Vaccination is an effective measure to control the disease caused by TGEV.Methods: In this study, cell-cultured TGEV HN-2012 strain was inactivated by formaldehyde (FA), β-propiolactone (BPL) or binaryethylenimine (BEI), respectively. Then the inactivated TGEV vaccine was prepared with freund's adjuvant, and the immunization effects were evaluated in mice. The TGEV-specific IgG level was detected by ELISA.Results: The results showed that the FA group (n=17) developed earlier and stronger TGEV-specific IgG level, while the BEI group could produce much longer-term IgG level. Lymphocyte proliferation test demonstrated that the BEI group showed a stronger inducibility of spleen lymphocyte proliferation. The BEI group got higher positive rates of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte subsets of peripheral blood lymphocyte than that of the FA and BPL groups through flow cytometry assay. The BPL group had the highest positive rate of CD4+IFN-γ+ T lymphocyte subset, while the positive rate of CD4+IL-4+ T lymphocyte subset was got the best in FA group. Moreover, there were no obvious pathological changes between the vaccinated mice and control group by the macroscopic and histopathological examination.Conclusions: These results indicated that the three experimental groups both induced cellular and humoral immunities, and the FA group had better effect on humoral immunity, while the BEI group showed its excellent effect on cellular immunity.

scholarly journals Assessments of different inactivating reagents in formulating transmissible gastroenteritis virus vaccine

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fujie Zhao ◽  
Lintao Liu ◽  
Menglong Xu ◽  
Xiangli Shu ◽  
Lanlan Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
Lymphocyte Subset ◽  
Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus ◽  
Flow Cytometry Assay ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Transmissible Gastroenteritis ◽  
Igg Level

Abstract Background Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) causes enteric infection in piglets, characterized by vomiting, severe diarrhea and dehydration, and the mortality in suckling piglets is often high up to 100%. Vaccination is an effective measure to control the disease caused by TGEV. Methods In this study, cell-cultured TGEV HN-2012 strain was inactivated by formaldehyde (FA), β-propiolactone (BPL) or binaryethylenimine (BEI), respectively. Then the inactivated TGEV vaccine was prepared with freund's adjuvant, and the immunization effects were evaluated in mice. The TGEV-specific IgG level was detected by ELISA. The positive rates of CD4+, CD8+, CD4+IFN-γ+, CD4+IL-4+ T lymphocytes were detected by flow cytometry assay. Lymphocyte proliferation assay and gross pathology and histopathology examination were also performed to assess the three different inactivating reagents in formulating TGEV vaccine. Results The results showed that the TGEV-specific IgG level in FA group (n = 17) was earlier and stronger, while the BEI group produced much longer-term IgG level. The lymphocyte proliferation test demonstrated that the BEI group had a stronger ability to induce spleen lymphocyte proliferation. The positive rates of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte subsets of peripheral blood lymphocyte in BEI group was higher than that in FA group and BPL groups by flow cytometry assay. The positive rate of CD4+IFN-γ+ T lymphocyte subset was the highest in the BPL group, and the positive rate of CD4+IL-4+ T lymphocyte subset was the highest in the FA group. There were no obvious pathological changes in the vaccinated mice and the control group after the macroscopic and histopathological examination. Conclusions These results indicated that all the three experimental groups could induce cellular and humoral immunity, and the FA group had the best humoral immunity effect, while the BEI group showed its excellent cellular immunity effect.

scholarly journals Assessments of different inactivating reagents in formulating transmissible gastroenteritis virus vaccine

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fujie Zhao ◽  
Lintao Liu ◽  
Menglong Xu ◽  
Xiangli Shu ◽  
Lanlan zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Humoral Immunity ◽  
Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
Lymphocyte Subset ◽  
Flow Cytometry Assay ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Specific Igg ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Igg Level

Abstract Background: Background:Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) causes enteric infection in piglets, characterized by vomiting, severe diarrhea and dehydration, and the mortality in suckling piglets is often high up to 100%. Vaccination is an effective measure to control the disease caused by TGEV. Methods: In this study, cell-cultured TGEV HN-2012 strain was inactivated by formaldehyde (FA), β-propiolactone (BPL) or binaryethylenimine (BEI), respectively. Then the inactivated TGEV vaccine was prepared with freund's adjuvant, and the immunization effects were evaluated in mice. The TGEV-specific IgG level was detected by ELISA. The positive rates of CD4+, CD8+, CD4+IFN-γ+, CD4+IL-4+ T lymphocytes were detected by flow cytometry assay. Lymphocyte proliferation assay and gross pathology and histopathology examination were also performed to assess the three different inactivating reagents in formulating TGEV vaccine.Results: The results showed that the TGEV-specific IgG level in FA group (n=17) was earlier and stronger, while the BEI group produced much longer-term IgG level. The lymphocyte proliferation test demonstrated that the BEI group had a stronger ability to induce spleen lymphocyte proliferation. The positive rates of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte subsets of peripheral blood lymphocyte in BEI group was higher than that in FA group and BPL groups by flow cytometry assay. The positive rate of CD4+IFN-γ+ T lymphocyte subset was the highest in the BPL group, and the positive rate of CD4+IL-4+ T lymphocyte subset was the highest in the FA group. There were no obvious pathological changes in the vaccinated mice and the control group after the macroscopic and histopathological examination. Conclusions: These results indicated that all the three experimental groups could induce cellular and humoral immunity, and the FA group had the best humoral immunity effect, while the BEI group showed its excellent cellular immunity effect.

scholarly journals Baseline T-lymphocyte subset absolute counts can predict both outcome and severity in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients: a single center study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Iannetta ◽  
Francesco Buccisano ◽  
Daniela Fraboni ◽  
Vincenzo Malagnino ◽  
Laura Campogiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Lymphocyte Subset ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Double Positive ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
T Lymphocyte Subset

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the role of baseline lymphocyte subset counts in predicting the outcome and severity of COVID-19 patients. Hospitalized patients confirmed to be infected with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) were included and classified according to in-hospital mortality (survivors/nonsurvivors) and the maximal oxygen support/ventilation supply required (nonsevere/severe). Demographics, clinical and laboratory data, and peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were retrospectively analyzed. Overall, 160 patients were retrospectively included in the study. T-lymphocyte subset (total CD3+, CD3+ CD4+, CD3+ CD8+, CD3+ CD4+ CD8+ double positive [DP] and CD3+ CD4− CD8− double negative [DN]) absolute counts were decreased in nonsurvivors and in patients with severe disease compared to survivors and nonsevere patients (p < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that absolute counts of CD3+ T-lymphocytes < 524 cells/µl, CD3+ CD4+ < 369 cells/µl, and the number of T-lymphocyte subsets below the cutoff (T-lymphocyte subset index [TLSI]) were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. Baseline T-lymphocyte subset counts and TLSI were also predictive of disease severity (CD3+  < 733 cells/µl; CD3+ CD4+ < 426 cells/µl; CD3+ CD8+ < 262 cells/µl; CD3+ DP < 4.5 cells/µl; CD3+ DN < 18.5 cells/µl). The evaluation of peripheral T-lymphocyte absolute counts in the early stages of COVID-19 might represent a useful tool for identifying patients at increased risk of unfavorable outcomes.

scholarly journals Reverse Genetic Analysis of the Transcription Regulatory Sequence of the Coronavirus Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 6061-6066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristopher M. Curtis ◽  
Boyd Yount ◽  
Amy C. Sims ◽  
Ralph S. Baric
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus ◽  
Regulatory Sequence ◽  
Reverse Genetic ◽  
Conserved Sequence ◽  
Gastroenteritis Virus ◽  
Flanking Sequences ◽  
Transmissible Gastroenteritis ◽  
Discontinuous Transcription

ABSTRACT Coronavirus discontinuous transcription uses a highly conserved sequence (CS) in the joining of leader and body RNAs. Using a full-length infectious construct of transmissable gastroenteritis virus, the present study demonstrates that subgenomic transcription is heavily influenced by upstream flanking sequences and supports a mechanism of transcription attenuation that is regulated in part by a larger domain composed of primarily upstream flanking sequences which select appropriately positioned CS elements for synthesis of subgenomic RNAs.

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