Differential Expression in Leaves of Saccharum Genotypes Contrasting in Biomass Production Provides Evidence of Genes Involved in Carbon Partitioning

Abstract Background The development of biomass crops aims to meet industrial yield demands, in order to optimize profitability and sustainability. Achieving these goals in an energy crop like sugarcane relies on breeding for sucrose accumulation, fiber content and stalk number. To expand the understanding of the biological pathways related to these traits, we evaluated gene expression of two groups of genotypes contrasting in biomass composition. Results First visible dewlap leaves were collected from 12 genotypes, six per group, to perform RNA-SEq. We found a high number of differentially expressed genes, showing how hybridization in a complex polyploid system caused extensive modifications in genome functioning. We found evidence that the variation between these groups may be partly due to the expansion of the Saccharum genomes by differential transposition and defense related genes. Genotypes within both biomass groups showed substantial variability in genes involved in photosynthesis. However, most genes coding for photosystem components or those coding for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylases (PEPCs) were upregulated in the high biomass group. Sucrose synthase (SuSy) coding genes were upregulated in the low biomass group, showing that this enzyme class can be involved with sucrose synthesis in leaves, similarly to sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose phosphate phosphatase (SPP). Genes in pathways related to biosynthesis of cell wall components and expansins coding genes showed low average expression levels and were mostly upregulated in the high biomass group. Conclusions Together, these results show differences in carbohydrate synthesis and carbon partitioning in the source tissue of distinct phenotypic groups. Our data from sugarcane leaves revealed how hybridization in a complex polyploid system resulted in noticeably different transcriptomic profiles between contrasting genotypes.

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Differential expression in leaves of Saccharum genotypes contrasting in biomass production provides evidence of genes involved in carbon partitioning

BMC Genomics ◽

10.1186/s12864-020-07091-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Fernando Henrique Correr ◽

Guilherme Kenichi Hosaka ◽

Fernanda Zatti Barreto ◽

Isabella Barros Valadão ◽

Thiago Willian Almeida Balsalobre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sucrose Phosphate Synthase ◽

Carbon Partitioning ◽

Biomass Composition ◽

Energy Crop ◽

Complex Nature ◽

High Biomass ◽

Sucrose Phosphate Phosphatase ◽

Source Tissue ◽

Industrial Yield ◽

Sucrose Phosphate

Abstract Background The development of biomass crops aims to meet industrial yield demands, in order to optimize profitability and sustainability. Achieving these goals in an energy crop like sugarcane relies on breeding for sucrose accumulation, fiber content and stalk number. To expand the understanding of the biological pathways related to these traits, we evaluated gene expression of two groups of genotypes contrasting in biomass composition. Results First visible dewlap leaves were collected from 12 genotypes, six per group, to perform RNA-Seq. We found a high number of differentially expressed genes, showing how hybridization in a complex polyploid system caused extensive modifications in genome functioning. We found evidence that differences in transposition and defense related genes may arise due to the complex nature of the polyploid Saccharum genomes. Genotypes within both biomass groups showed substantial variability in genes involved in photosynthesis. However, most genes coding for photosystem components or those coding for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylases (PEPCs) were upregulated in the high biomass group. Sucrose synthase (SuSy) coding genes were upregulated in the low biomass group, showing that this enzyme class can be involved with sucrose synthesis in leaves, similarly to sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose phosphate phosphatase (SPP). Genes in pathways related to biosynthesis of cell wall components and expansins coding genes showed low average expression levels and were mostly upregulated in the high biomass group. Conclusions Together, these results show differences in carbohydrate synthesis and carbon partitioning in the source tissue of distinct phenotypic groups. Our data from sugarcane leaves revealed how hybridization in a complex polyploid system resulted in noticeably different transcriptomic profiles between contrasting genotypes.

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Differential Expression in Leaves of Saccharum Genotypes Contrasting in Biomass Production Provides Evidence of Genes Involved in Carbon Partitioning

10.21203/rs.3.rs-41475/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Fernando Henrique Correr ◽

Guilherme Kenichi Hosaka ◽

Fernanda Zatti Barreto ◽

Isabella Barros Valadão ◽

Thiago Willian Almeida Balsalobre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sucrose Phosphate Synthase ◽

Carbon Partitioning ◽

Biomass Composition ◽

Energy Crop ◽

Complex Nature ◽

High Biomass ◽

Sucrose Phosphate Phosphatase ◽

Source Tissue ◽

Industrial Yield ◽

Sucrose Phosphate

Abstract BackgroundThe development of biomass crops aims to meet industrial yield demands, in order to optimize profitability and sustainability. Achieving these goals in an energy crop like sugarcane relies on breeding for sucrose accumulation, fiber content and stalk number. To expand the understanding of the biological pathways related to these traits, we evaluated gene expression of two groups of genotypes contrasting in biomass composition.ResultsFirst visible dewlap leaves were collected from 12 genotypes, six per group, to perform RNA-Seq. We found a high number of differentially expressed genes, showing how hybridization in a complex polyploid system caused extensive modifications in genome functioning. We found evidence that differences in transposition and defense related genes may arise due to the complex nature of the polyploid Saccharum genomes. Genotypes within both biomass groups showed substantial variability in genes involved in photosynthesis. However, most genes coding for photosystem components or those coding for phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylases (PEPCs) were upregulated in the high biomass group. Sucrose synthase (SuSy) coding genes were upregulated in the low biomass group, showing that this enzyme class can be involved with sucrose synthesis in leaves, similarly to sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose phosphate phosphatase (SPP). Genes in pathways related to biosynthesis of cell wall components and expansins coding genes showed low average expression levels and were mostly upregulated in the high biomass group.ConclusionsTogether, these results show differences in carbohydrate synthesis and carbon partitioning in the source tissue of distinct phenotypic groups. Our data from sugarcane leaves revealed how hybridization in a complex polyploid system resulted in noticeably different transcriptomic profiles between contrasting genotypes.

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Differential Gene Expression Among Genotypes of the Genus Saccharum Contrasting in Biomass Production

Proceedings ◽

10.3390/proceedings2019036016 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 16

Author(s):

Fernando Henrique Correr ◽

Guilherme Kenichi Hosaka ◽

Isabella Barros Valadão ◽

Thiago Willian Almeida Balsalobre ◽

Monalisa Sampaio Carneiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽

Carbon Assimilation ◽

Sucrose Phosphate Synthase ◽

Energy Crop ◽

High Biomass ◽

Genomic Stress ◽

Sucrose Storage ◽

Sink Demand ◽

Industrial Yield

The development of biomass crops aims to meet industrial yield demands to become a profitable and sustainable activity. Achieving these goals in an energy crop such as sugarcane relies on breeding for sucrose accumulation, fiber content and tillering capacity. Sucrose storage depends on transport from leaves to culms driven by enzymes involved in sucrose synthesis and hydrolysis. High biomass genotypes often use photosynthesis products to produce lignocellulosic compounds to form the cell wall. To expand the understanding of the pathways related to these traits, we evaluated gene expression of two groups of genotypes contrasting in biomass yield, as well as testing for differences among members within the same group. First visible dewlap leaves were collected from six genotypes of each group to perform RNA-Seq. We found evidence that both groups differ with regard to genomic stress caused by polyploidy, as indicated by the enrichment of genes involved in transposition activity and defense response processes. Although carbon assimilation terms were not enriched, genes annotated with such terms were co-expressed with those coding for members of hormonal pathways. Sucrose phosphate synthase and hydrolytic enzymes coding genes were upregulated in leaves of sucrose-accumulating genotypes, as genes coding for enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of lignin. Compared to other high biomass accessions, the hybrid US85-1008 presented upregulation of photosynthesis-related genes probably due to its sink demand to store sugar in culms. This study expands the knowledge of gene expression in sugarcane leaves, revealing differences between and within phenotypically distinct groups.

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Sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose phosphate phosphatase interactin plantaand promote plant growth and biomass accumulation

Journal of Experimental Botany ◽

10.1093/jxb/erv101 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 66 (14) ◽

pp. 4383-4394 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Victoria J. Maloney ◽

Ji-Young Park ◽

Faride Unda ◽

Shawn D. Mansfield

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Biomass Accumulation ◽

Sucrose Phosphate Synthase ◽

Promote Plant Growth ◽

Sucrose Phosphate Phosphatase ◽

Sucrose Phosphate ◽

Phosphate Synthase

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Sucrose Transport into Citrus Juice Cells: Evidence for an Endocytic Transport System

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.130.2.269 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 130 (2) ◽

pp. 269-274 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Ed Etxeberria ◽

Pedro Gonzalez ◽

Javier Pozueta-Romero

Keyword(s):

Developmental Stages ◽

Sucrose Phosphate Synthase ◽

Sink Strength ◽

High Definition ◽

Sucrose Transport ◽

Root Cells ◽

Sucrose Metabolizing Enzymes ◽

Cytoplasmic Vesicles ◽

Sucrose Phosphate Phosphatase ◽

Sucrose Phosphate

To investigate the mechanisms of sucrose transport and its accumulation into `Murcott' mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) fruit, developmental changes in determinants of sink strength such as sucrose metabolizing enzymes, and sucrose transport across both plasmalemma and tonoplast were analyzed. Concurrently with sucrose levels, sucrose synthase, sucrose phosphate synthase and sucrose phosphate phosphatase increased throughout fruit development. Plasmalemma and tonoplast vesicles isolated from fruit collected at different developmental stages were analyzed for their transport capabilities. Sucrose uptake into energized plasmalemma vesicles was abolished by gramicidin, which is in accordance with the presence of an active symport mechanism of sucrose transport from the apoplast into the cytosol. Unexpectedly, tonoplast vesicles were shown to lack active transport mechanism of sucrose into the vacuole. More importantly, however, and in conformity with recent findings showing the occurrence of an endocytic mechanism of ion uptake in maize (Zea mays L.) root cells, citrus (Citrus L.) juice cells were shown to incorporate membrane impermeable dyes into their vacuoles in the presence of sucrose. High definition confocal microscopy revealed the co-localization of membrane impermeable markers in cytoplasmic vesicles and the formation of vesicles at the plasmalemma. The data provide evidence for an endocytic system of transport that allows direct incorporation of sucrose from the apoplast to the vacuole bypassing both the plasmalemma and tonoplast.

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Characterization of a Maize Sucrose–phosphate Synthase Protein and Its Effect on Carbon Partitioning in Transgenic Rice Plants

Plant Production Science ◽

10.1626/pps.2.172 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 172-177 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Kiyomi Ono ◽

Ken Ishimaru ◽

Naohiro Aoki ◽

Sakiko Takahashi ◽

Kenjiroh Ozawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transgenic Rice ◽

Sucrose Phosphate Synthase ◽

Carbon Partitioning ◽

Rice Plants ◽

Transgenic Rice Plants ◽

Sucrose Phosphate ◽

Phosphate Synthase

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Sucrose phosphate synthase activity and the co-ordination of carbon partitioning during sucrose and amino acid accumulation in desiccation-tolerant leaf material of the C4 resurrection plant Sporobolus stapfianus during dehydration

Journal of Experimental Botany ◽

10.1093/jxb/erm228 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 58 (13) ◽

pp. 3775-3787 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Anne Whittaker ◽

Tommaso Martinelli ◽

Jill M. Farrant ◽

Adriana Bochicchio ◽

Concetta Vazzana

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Sucrose Phosphate Synthase ◽

Carbon Partitioning ◽

Resurrection Plant ◽

Leaf Material ◽

Sporobolus Stapfianus ◽

Acid Accumulation ◽

Sucrose Phosphate ◽

Amino Acid Accumulation ◽

Phosphate Synthase

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Sucrose-phosphate phosphatase from sugarcane reveals an ancestral tandem duplication

BMC Plant Biology ◽

10.1186/s12870-020-02795-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Vania Gabriela Sedano Partida ◽

Henrique Moura Dias ◽

Diana Susana Martinez Corcino ◽

Marie-Anne Van Sluys

Keyword(s):

Transcriptional Activity ◽

Tandem Duplication ◽

De Novo ◽

Parental Species ◽

Sucrose Phosphate Synthase ◽

De Novo Synthesis ◽

Specific Distribution ◽

Genome Sequencing Effort ◽

Sucrose Phosphate Phosphatase ◽

Sucrose Phosphate

Abstract Background Sugarcane is capable to store large amounts of sucrose in the culm at maturity hence it became a major source of sucrose for the food and the renewable energy industries. Sucrose, the main disaccharide produced by photosynthesis, is mainly stored in the vacuole of the cells of non-photosynthetic tissues. Two pathways are known to release free sucrose in plant cells, one is de novo synthesis dependent on sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) and sucrose phosphate phosphatase (S6PP) while the other is regulatory and dependent on sucrose synthase (SuSy) activity. The molecular understanding of genes that give rise to the expression of the enzyme sucrose phosphate phosphatase, responsible for the release of sucrose in the last synthetic step lag behind the regulatory SuSy gene. Results Sugarcane genome sequencing effort disclosed the existence of a tandem duplication and the present work further support that both S6PP.1 and S6PP_2D isoforms are actively transcribed in young sugarcane plants but significantly less at maturity. Two commercial hybrids (SP80–3280 and R570) and both Saccharum spontaneum (IN84–58) and S.officinarum (BADILLA) exhibit transcriptional activity at three-month-old plants of the tandem S6PP_2D in leaves, culm, meristem and root system with a cultivar-specific distribution. Moreover, this tandem duplication is shared with other grasses and is ancestral in the group. Conclusion Detection of a new isoform of S6PP resulting from the translation of 14 exon-containing transcript (S6PP_2D) will contribute to the knowledge of sucrose metabolism in plants. In addition, expression varies along plant development and between sugarcane cultivars and parental species.

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(461) Endocytic Uptake of Quantum Dots and Endocytic Markers into `Sweet Lime' Juice Cells

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1047c ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 1047C-1047

Author(s):

Ed Etxeberria ◽

Pedro Gonzalez ◽

Javier Pozueta

Keyword(s):

Quantum Dots ◽

Sucrose Phosphate Synthase ◽

Sink Strength ◽

High Definition ◽

Lime Juice ◽

Sweet Lime ◽

Cytoplasmic Vesicles ◽

Sucrose Phosphate Phosphatase ◽

Membrane Bound ◽

Sucrose Phosphate

To determine whether the mechanisms of sucrose accumulation into the low acid `Sweet Lime' (Citrus limmetioides Blanco) juice cells are consistent with those previously reported for the more acidic cultivars, we followed similar developmental changes in determinants of sink strength. In addition, we followed the incorporation and distribution of quantum dots and fluorescent endocytic probes into the cell with time of incubation. As in other citrus fruits, sucrose levels, sucrose synthase, sucrose phosphate synthase, and sucrose phosphate phosphatase increased throughout fruit development. The pH however, was much higher than in the more acidic cultivars. Sucrose uptake into energized plasmalemma vesicles was inhibited by gramicidin, in accordance with the presence of an active symport mechanism of sucrose from the apoplast into the cytosol. On the contrary, tonoplast vesicles were shown to lack active transport mechanism of sucrose into the vacuole. In conformity with recent findings showing the occurrence of an endocytic mechanism in `Murcott' mandarin, `Sweet Lime' juice cells were shown to incorporate membrane-impermeable dyes into their vacuoles in the presence of sucrose. High-definition confocal microscopy revealed the co-localization of membrane-impermeable markers in cytoplasmic vesicles, in membrane-bound intermediate structures such as the endosome and multi-vesicular body, and the eventual distribution of such fluorescent particles. The data provide strong evidence for an endocytic system of transport that allows direct incorporation of sucrose from the apoplast to the vacuole and for the visualization of intermediate distribution and cargo centers in the cell.

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