Investigation of the Relationship Between Occupational Stress and Temporomandibular Joint Disorders by Measuring Salivary Cortisol and Immunoglobulin a Levels in Students of Qom Dental School

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasamin Barakian ◽  
Samira Hajisadeghi ◽  
Elham Keykha ◽  
Abolfazl Mohammadbeigi ◽  
Alireza Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Dental School ◽  
P Value ◽  
Salivary Biomarkers ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Objectives Occupational stress is defined as a lack of coordination between job requirements and individual abilities. This stress relates to several salivary biomarkers. Stress plays an important role in creating temporomandibular disorder (TMD). In this study we aimed to investigate the relationship between stress and TMD by examining the occupational stress using dental environment stress (DES) questionnaire and measuring the stress markers in saliva including cortisol and immunoglobulin A in fourth to sixth year students of Qom Dental School. Methods In present study, 60 students participated. At first, a clinical examination was performed based on the RDC/TMD method to determine the temporomandibular joint status, then a DES questionnaire was completed to determine the occupational stress level and finally a sample of saliva was taken from the students and the amounts of salivary cortisol and IgA were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results The mean cortisol and IgA levels were 4.74 ± 2.80 ng/ml and 220.26 ± 121.22 µg/ml, respectively and the mean score of the DES questionnaire was 2.48 ± 0.58. In this study, 24 patients (40%) suffered from TMD. There was no correlation between cortisol and IgA levels with the DES score (p value > 0.05). There was no significant relationship between TMD and three variables of cortisol, IgA and DES scores (p value > 0.05). Conclusion Stress is one of the most important causes of TMD. Salivary biomarkers can be useful markers for determining stress in people with TMD but this issue was not confirmed in our study. Clinical relevance: In this study, no relationship was observed between TMD and occupational stress.

scholarly journals Salivary Biomarkers of Stress, Anxiety and Depression

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 517
Author(s):  
Sylwia Chojnowska ◽  
Iwona Ptaszyńska-Sarosiek ◽  
Alina Kępka ◽  
Małgorzata Knaś ◽  
Napoleon Waszkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ◽  
Stress Axis ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Salivary Biomarkers ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
As Stress

Stress, anxiety and depressive disorders are often characterized by the activation of the stress axis, which results in similar symptoms at some point in these disorders. These disorders are closely related to each other—they occur simultaneously or follow one another. The diagnosis of stress, anxiety and depression is not a perfect procedure currently—it is based on patient observation and an interview with the patient and their family. There are no laboratory tests that would dispel the doubts of the doctor making the diagnosis and allow the appropriate treatment to be implemented as soon as possible. Therefore, this study will review the components of saliva that could be helpful in the quick diagnosis of stress, anxiety and/or depression. Such potential salivary biomarkers could also be useful in monitoring the effectiveness of pharmacological treatment prescribed by a psychiatrist. The following are promising salivary biomarkers of stress, anxiety or depression: cortisol, immunoglobulin A (sIgA), lysozyme, melatonin, α-amylase (sAA), chromogranin A (CgA) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2). To the best valuable potential salivary markers of stress, we can include cortisol, lysozyme, sAA and CgA. To differentiate depression from stress, salivary cortisol and melatonin can be helpful. Fluctuations in the concentrations of the above-mentioned substances in saliva indicate a particularly strong relationship with typical human psychological problems, such as stress, depression or anxiety.

scholarly journals Arthrocentesis and Sodium Hyaluronate Infiltration in Temporomandibular Disorders Treatment. Clinical and MRI Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Santagata ◽  
Roberto De Luca ◽  
Giorgio Lo Giudice ◽  
Antonio Troiano ◽  
Giuseppe Lo Giudice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Sodium Hyaluronate ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Masticatory Efficiency ◽  
The Mean

Arthrocentesis in temporomandibular joint disorders can be associated with the intra-articular infiltration of various drugs with the objective of increase treatment efficacy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical indexes variation in patients affected by temporomandibular joint disorders treated with arthrocentesis and sodium hyaluronate (SH) injections. A total of 28 patients suffering from temporomandibular joint disorders underwent one cycle of five arthrocentesis and infiltrations of sodium hyaluronate. Spontaneous mouth opening improved from 36.3 ± 7.5 mm to 45.1 ± 1.9 mm at six months follow-up. A significant reduction in the pain at rest and during mastication mean values emerged at follow-up (p < 0.0001). The mean masticatory efficiency, evaluated through a visual analogic scale, showed improvement at the follow-up period, highlighted by the increase of mean value from a baseline of 3.1 ± 1.2 to a mean value of 8.5 ± 1.2 (p < 0.0001). The mean severity of the joint damage at baseline time was 2.4 ± 0.9 and decreased to 0.4 ± 0.3 at the end of the follow-up period. The decrease in values is confirmed by statistical test (p < 0.05). Our data show how arthrocentesis integrated with sodium hyaluronate infiltrations performed under local anesthesia is a valid method of treating temporomandibular joint disorders.

scholarly journals Salivary Biomarkers and Training Load During Training and Competition in Paralympic Swimmers

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 839-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciara Sinnott-O’Connor ◽  
Thomas M. Comyns ◽  
Alan M. Nevill ◽  
Giles D. Warrington
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Rating Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Alpha Amylase ◽  
Salivary Biomarkers ◽  
Paralympic Games

Context: Stress responses in athletes can be attributed to training and competition, where increased physiological and psychological stress may negatively affect performance and recovery. Purpose: To examine the relationship between training load (TL) and salivary biomarkers immunoglobulin A (IgA), alpha-amylase (AA), and cortisol across a 16-wk preparation phase and 10-d competition phase in Paralympic swimmers. Methods: Four Paralympic swimmers provided biweekly saliva samples during 3 training phases—(1) normal training, (2) intensified training, and (3) taper—as well as daily saliva samples in the 10-d Paralympic competition (2016 Paralympic Games). TL was measured using session rating of perceived exertion. Results: Multilevel analysis identified a significant increase in salivary immunoglobulin A (sIgA: 94.98 [27.69] μg·mL−1), salivary alpha-amylase (sAA: 45.78 [19.07] μg·mL−1), and salivary cortisol (7.92 [2.17] nM) during intensified training concurrent with a 38.3% increase in TL. During the taper phase, a 49.5% decrease in TL from the intensified training phase resulted in a decrease in sIgA, sAA, and salivary cortisol; however, all 3 remained higher than baseline levels. A further significant increase was observed during competition in sIgA (168.69 [24.19] μg·mL−1), sAA (35.86 [16.67] μg·mL−1), and salivary cortisol (10.49 [1.89] nM) despite a continued decrease (77.8%) in TL from the taper phase. Conclusions: Results demonstrate that performance in major competition such as Paralympic games, despite a noticeable reduction in TL, induces a stress response in athletes. Because of the elevated stress response observed, modifications to individual postrace recovery protocols may be required to enable athletes to maximize performance across all 10 d of competition.

scholarly journals Fetal Fibronectin (fFN) on the Imminent Premature Parturition in Correlation with Incidence of Preterm Labor

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kusnarman Keman ◽  
Prasetyorini Nugrahanti ◽  
Ni Wayan Supriany
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Obstet Gynecol ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fetal Fibronectin ◽  
Preterm Group ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: To determine the relationship of fFn levels in cervicovaginal discharge of pregnant women who experience imminent premature parturition with the incidence of preterm labor. Method: The study was carried out with Analytic Observational Prospective Cohort using cervicovaginal discharge of pregnant women that experienced imminent premature parturition taken from the delivery room of Obstetrics and Gynecology department dr. Saiful Anwar Hospital, Malang as well as Bangil Hospital and Ngudi Waluyo Wlingi Hospital. Statistical analysis was performed using the Shapiro-Wilk test and comparison test used independent samples t test for normal data, Mann-Whitney test if not. All analysis used SPSS for Windows 19.0 software. Result: Thirty two patient samples was examined, 14 patients (43.75%) were primigravida and 18 patients (52.56%) is multigravida. 17 of these patients (53.13%) experienced aterm labor and 15 patients (46.87%) experienced preterm labor. Mann-Whitney test of the mean fFN levels between the aterm group (13.01 ± 7.57 ng/ml) and the preterm group (56.29 ± 27.77 ng/ml) showed a significant difference (p-value = 0.000 > 0.05). Moreover, Spearman’s Rho correlation test also showed a strong correlation between fFN level and incidence of preterm labor (R = 0.797, p < 0.05). Conclusion: fFN levels is significantly increase in cervicovaginal discharge from pregnant women with imminent premature parturition who experience preterm labor than pregnant women who experience aterm labor. Therefore, this result suggests that fFN has potential ability to become useful modality in preterm labor diagnosis. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2016; 1: 8-14] Keywords: cervicovaginal discharge, fFN, imminent premature parturition, preterm labor

scholarly journals Mixed Method Research Investigating Turnover Intension with ICU Nurses

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-163
Author(s):  
Jung-Hoon Lee ◽  
Yeoungsuk Song
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Authentic Leadership ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Mixed Method Research ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose: This study was done to investigate the mediating effect of occupational stress on the relationship between ICU nurse’s authentic leadership and turnover intention, and to analyze the causes of turnover in ICU nurses.Methods: A convergent mixed method was used. Participants were 100 out of 207 ICU nurses in the original data that were acquired in Daegu, Ulsan, and Busan, in February and March 2017. Participants were asked with open-ended question: "what are the causes for turnover intention" and summative content analysis and thematic analysis were done. Results: The mean scores for authentic leadership, occupational stress, and turnover intention were 3.09, 43.74, and 45.66, respectively. Occupational stress showed full mediation in the relationship between authentic leadership and turnover intention. The qualitative data showed that the most causes of turnover intention were in the organization (60.6%) instead of individuals (39.4%). Conclusion: Authentic leadership influenced the ICU nurse’s turnover intention via the full mediating effect of occupational stress. The ‘organization-oriented variables’ play a more important role than 'individual-oriented variables' in the reduction of the turnover intention of ICU nurses. The findings from this study may be useful in reducing turnover intention.

scholarly journals An additional lysis procedure during arthrocentesis of the temporomandibular joint

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keon-Mo Lee ◽  
Wan-Hee Jang ◽  
Myoung-Sang You ◽  
Bu-Kyu Lee
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Arthroscopic Surgery ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Invasive Procedure ◽  
Joint Space ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mechanical Lysis ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Arthrocentesis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is an easy, highly efficient, minimally invasive procedure for treating temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs). However, in some cases of mouth opening limitation (MOL), routine arthrocentesis is ineffective due to severe fibrotic adhesion in the superior joint space of the TMJ. In this condition, mechanical lysis of the adhesions might be needed to resolve the MOL, as well as other symptoms, such as chronic pain. Currently, this can be achieved by arthroscopic surgery or open TMJ surgery. The objective of this study was to introduce and evaluate our trial of the adhesion lysis procedure during arthrocentesis of the TMJ using normal 18-gauge needles. Results In this study, 40 patients with MOL due to disc derangement underwent conventional arthrocentesis at first and then physical detachment was conducted using the same needle. The change in maximum mouth opening (MMO) and the pain at the TMJ were recorded before, during, and after treatment according to our protocol. The mean increase in MMO after conventional arthrocentesis was 6.6 ± 4.2mm. The mean increase in MMO after the detachment procedure with the same needle was 4.2 ± 2.0 mm. The MMO in ten patients was significantly increased after the detachment procedure than after arthrocentesis alone. In all cases, the pain intensity in the TMJ significantly decreased over time, whereas the MMO increased over time. No adverse effect was observed in all joints during our observation periods. Conclusion We confirmed that our simple lysis procedure with the same needle of the arthrocentesis of the TMJ could not only improve the MMO more than after a conventional arthrocentesis but also resolve severe adhesion of the joint space that was ineffective by conventional arthrocentesis. Although this additional lysis procedure is simple, it might reduce the number of cases of more invasive procedures such as arthroscopic surgery or open TMJ surgery.

scholarly journals Severe Perinatal Asphyxia and Risk of Neonatal Jaundice at a Tertiary Hospital in Northern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
I. A. Imoudu ◽  
M. O. Yusuf ◽  
A. T. Aro ◽  
P. E. Akpabio ◽  
Z. M. Waziri
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Neonatal Jaundice ◽  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Perinatal Asphyxia ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
P Value ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Special Care Baby Unit ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The risk factors of neonatal jaundice are largely known, yet there is little agreement on the association between it and perinatal asphyxia. Aim: To investigate the association between severe perinatal asphyxia (SPA) and the risk of clinical jaundice (NNJ) among neonates managed at the Federal Medical Centre, Azare, Nigeria. Methodology: Case control design was employed. Medical records of 315 babies managed at the special care baby unit from 1st January, 2011 to 31st December, 2018 were analysed. The exposure of interest was SPA and the outcome was jaundice. Logistic regression was applied to demonstrate the relationship between neonatal jaundice and SPA. Relative risk was provided as odds ratio and 95% confidence interval. Results: Sixty-three cases and 252 controls were enrolled in the study. The mean age of the cases (4.39) and that of the controls (4.95 ) did not differ significantly (t= -0.52, P= 0.30). One hundred and fifty-six (61.9%) of the controls were males while 34 (54.0%) of the cases were females. For 59 (93.7%) of the cases treatment for jaundice was done with phototherapy and 1.6% required exchange blood transfusion. SPA significantly reduced the risk of developing NNJ (adjusted OR = 0.27, P-value ˂ 0.01).                                                                           Conclusion: We demonstrated a significantly reduced risk of developing neonatal jaundice with prior exposure to severe perinatal asphyxia. Prospective multicenter and community based studies correlated with serum bilirubin levels are recommended.   

scholarly journals Neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio between benign and malignant thyroid nodule

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazia Haider ◽  
Zahid Mahmood ◽  
Fizzah Khalid ◽  
Saad Abdul Razzak
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Benign Nodules ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives: To determine the relationship of Neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio (NLR) values with the benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Methods: In this cross-sectional clinical study conducted from September 1st 2020 to February 28th 2021, we included 216 patients who underwent thyroidectomy at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre Karachi Pakistan. After thyroidectomy specimens were sent for pathologic examination. Patients were divided into two categories based on histopathologic results; Malignant nodule and benign nodules. Data of complete blood count was obtained from the pre-operative lab investigations and NLR was calculated. Results: There were 42 (26%) men, and 116 (74%) women of 158 in the BTN group, 18 (31%) men, and 40 (69%) women of 58 in the MTN group. The mean age of 48±6 years in the BTN group as well as 47 ±8 years in the MTN group (p-value 0.32). The mean neutrophil count in the BTN group was 4.26±2.8 versus 4.41±2.2 (x 1000/mm3) the malignance thyroid group (p-value = 0.71). The mean lymphocyte count was 3.81±0.9 (x 1000/mm3) in the BTN group and 3.61±1.2 (x 1000/mm3) in the malignance group (p-value = 0.18). The mean NLR value for the benign thyroid nodular group was 1.19±2.2 and 1.22±1.8 in the malignant thyroid nodular group (p-value = 0.92). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, we concluded that preoperative period biochemistry laboratory results such as neutrophils count, lymphocyte count, and NLR value don’t provide enough evidence to differentiate between benign and malignant thyroid carcinoma. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.7.4503 How to cite this:Haider N, Mahmood Z, Khalid F, Razzak SA. Neutrophils to lymphocytes ratio between benign and malignant thyroid nodule. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(7):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.7.4503 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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