scholarly journals Unique Transcriptome And Gene Expression Analysis of Flag Leaves of A Super-Hybrid Rice WFYT025

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Cheng ◽  
Shiying Huang ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Shilei Liu ◽  
Guangliang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Additive Effect ◽  
Dominant Effect ◽  
Partial Dominance ◽  
Flag Leaves ◽  
Super Hybrid Rice ◽  
Highly Expressed Genes ◽  
Two Stages

Abstract Background: The health and physiology of flag leaves are closely related to rice yield, and flag leaves play an important role in providing photosynthetic products during grain filling, many breeding studies have tried to improve the performance of flag leaves. However, there are few studies on the heterosis of rice flag leaves up to now. Results: Thus, the present research is focused on the flag leaves heterosis of a widely used late-cropping indica super hybrid rice combination WFYT025 in China using a high-throughput next-generation RNA-seq strategy under different environment with two stages, trying to find some genes related to photosynthesis, transpiration, and development of seeds. Mid-parent heterosis (MPH) and higher parent heterosis (HPH) were estimated for the heterosis of flag leaf. Under the environment of middle rice, the number of genes up-regulated in CHT025, WFB and WFYT025 were 892,1,273 and 819, down-regulated in CHT025, WFB and WFYT025 were 616,1934 and 2196, respectively. Among the SDGhps on the first day after flowering, 10.9% had a dominant effect, 41.81% had a partial dominant effect, 22.07% had an additive effect and the remaining 25.22% had an over-dominant effect. Meanwhile, on the tenth day after flowering, there were 491 genes, accounting for 27.16%, showed over-dominance; 222 genes, accounting for 12.28%, showed dominance; 760 genes, accounting for 42.04%, showed partial dominance; and 335 genes, accounting for 18.52%, showed additive effect. Conclusion: The co-expressed gene sets via weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were identified, and total of 5,000 highly expressed genes were divided into 24 co-expression groups. In the two stages, we found 9 identical transcription factors. Except for 5 reported TFs, the other 4 TFs may play an important role in grain number and photosynthesis heterosis.

scholarly journals Physiological Behaviour and Yield Performances of Hybrid Rice at Different Planting Dates in Aus Season

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
MM Haque ◽  
HR Pramanik ◽  
JK Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Leaf Chlorophyll ◽  
Leaf Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Photosynthetic Activities

Two field experiments were conducted in 2009 and 2010 to evaluate some physiological traits and yield of three hybrid rice varieties (BRRI hybrid dhan2, Heera2, and Tia) in comparison to BRRI dhan48 in Aus season. The experiments involved four planting dates (1 April, 16 April, 1 May and 16 May). Compared to BRRI dhan48, hybrid varieties accumulated greater shoot dry matter at anthesis, higher flag leaf chlorophyll at 2, 9, 16 and 23 days after flowering (DAF), flag leaf photosynthetic rate at 2 DAF and longer panicles. However, hybrid varieties demonstrated smaller remobilization of shoot reserve to grain and photosynthetic rate of its flag leaf at 9 and 16 DAF than BRRI dhan48. Heera2 and BRRI hybrid dhan2 maintained significantly higher chlorophyll a:b ratio over Tia and BRRI dhan48 at 2, 9, 16 and 23 DAF in their flag leaf. Shoot reserve remobilization to grain exhibited higher degree of sensitivity to rising of minimum temperature in the studied hybrids compared to the inbred. Inefficient photosynthetic activities of flag leaf and poor shoot reserve translocation to grain resulted poor grain filling percentage in the test hybrids. Consequently the studied hybrids showed significantly lower grain yield (ca. 36.7%) as compared to inbred BRRI dhan48, irrespective of planting date in Aus season.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v17i1-2.20839Bangladesh Rice j. 2013, 17(1&2): 7-14

scholarly journals Differential Flag Leaf and Ear Photosynthetic Performance Under Elevated (CO2) Conditions During Grain Filling Period in Durum Wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angie L. Gámez ◽  
Rubén Vicente ◽  
Rut Sanchez-Bragado ◽  
Iván Jauregui ◽  
Rosa Morcuende ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Flag Leaves ◽  
Gross Photosynthesis ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
The Impact

Elevated concentrations of CO2 (CO2) in plants with C3 photosynthesis metabolism, such as wheat, stimulate photosynthetic rates. However, photosynthesis tends to decrease as a function of exposure to high (CO2) due to down-regulation of the photosynthetic machinery, and this phenomenon is defined as photosynthetic acclimation. Considerable efforts are currently done to determine the effect of photosynthetic tissues, such us spike, in grain filling. There is good evidence that the contribution of ears to grain filling may be important not only under good agronomic conditions but also under high (CO2). The main objective of this study was to compare photoassimilate production and energy metabolism between flag leaves and glumes as part of ears of wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum cv. Amilcar) plants exposed to ambient [a(CO2)] and elevated [e(CO2)] (CO2) (400 and 700 μmol mol–1, respectively). Elevated CO2 had a differential effect on the responses of flag leaves and ears. The ears showed higher gross photosynthesis and respiration rates compared to the flag leaves. The higher ear carbohydrate content and respiration rates contribute to increase the grain dry mass. Our results support the concept that acclimation of photosynthesis to e(CO2) is driven by sugar accumulation, reduction in N concentrations and repression of genes related to photosynthesis, glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and that these were more marked in glumes than leaves. Further, important differences are described on responsiveness of flag leaves and ears to e(CO2) on genes linked with carbon and nitrogen metabolism. These findings provide information about the impact of e(CO2) on ear development during the grain filling stage and are significant for understanding the effects of increasing (CO2) on crop yield.

scholarly journals Grain-filling pattern of super hybrid rice Liangyoupeijiu under direct seeding and transplanting condition

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
MA Badshah ◽  
Tu Nai Mei
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Filling Rate ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Super Hybrid Rice ◽  
Grain Filling Rate ◽  
Filling Pattern

To evaluate the grain-filling pattern, Chinese first super hybrid rice, Liangyoupeijiu was grown under tillage and establishment methods at a spacing of 20 cm × 20 cm with one seedling hill-1 and at a seeding rate of 22.5 kg ha-1 in Changsha, Hunan Province, China in 2012. Our results showed that, superior grain weight in TP had always higher than DS up to 24 DAH but at 36 DAH, grain weight had similar in both TP and DS. Middle grain weight was higher in TP than DS up to 18DAH but it was higher in DS than TP at 24 – 36 DAH and at 36 DAH, grain weight of DS had significantly higher than TP. Inferior grain weight was higher in TP than DS up to 12 DAH but it was higher in DS than TP at 24 -36 DAH and at 36 DAH, grain weight of DS had significantly higher than TP. Grain-filling rate of superior grain had higher in TP than DS up to 18 DAH but it was higher in DS than TP at 30 DAH. In middle grain, it was higher in TP at 6DAH but in DS, it was higher at 30 DAH. In inferior grain, it was higher in TP at 36 DAH but in DS, it was higher at 30 DAH. The heavier grain was found in TP only in superior grain but DS had heavier grain both in middle and inferior grain. Grain-filling rate of superior grain was higher in TP than DS and it was similar in both TP and DS in middle grain. But in inferior grain, it was significantly higher in DS than TP. Transplanting method produced slightly higher grain yield due to higher sink size (more number of spikelet’s caused by longer panicle and more number of spikelet per cm of panicle) but it was statistically similar with DS. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v4i1.20972 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 4 (1): 11-15, June, 2014

High nitrogen input causes poor grain filling of spikelets at the panicle base of super hybrid rice

2019 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 107635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penghao Fu ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Tong Zhang ◽  
Jianliang Huang ◽  
Shaobing Peng
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Input ◽  
Super Hybrid Rice

Elevated CO2 accelerates flag leaf senescence in wheat due to ear photosynthesis which causes greater ear nitrogen sink capacity and ear carbon sink limitation

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunwu Zhu ◽  
Jianguo Zhu ◽  
Qing Zeng ◽  
Gang Liu ◽  
Zubing Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Flag Leaves ◽  
Sink Capacity ◽  
Sink Limitation ◽  
Grain Nitrogen

It was anticipated that wheat net photosynthesis would rise under elevated CO2, and that this would alter the progress of senescence due to the unbalance of carbohydrates and nitrogen. Our study showed that ear carbon sink was limited, and sugar was accumulated, hexokinase activities and levels of phosphorylated sugar were increased within the flag leaves, grain nitrogen sink capacity was enhanced, and flag leaf senescence was accelerated under elevated CO2. However, if the ear of the main stem was covered, these responses to elevated CO2 were absent, and the senescence of flag leaf was not accelerated by elevated CO2. Thus, it appeared that elevated CO2 accelerated the rate of flag leaf senescence, depending on ear photosynthesis. The ears have far higher enhancement of net photosynthesis than flag leaves, and the role of the flag leaf relative to the ear was declined in supplying C assimilation to grain under elevated CO2. This indicates that as CO2 rises, the grain sink needs the N more than C assimilate from flag leaf, so the declining rates of N% and soluble proteins concentration were markedly accelerated under elevated CO2 conditions. This suggests that, the large increase in ear net photosynthesis accelerated grain filling, accelerated remobilising N within flag leaf as the result of the greater grain nitrogen sink capacity. In addition, as the result of grain carbon sink limitation, it limited the export of flag leaf sucrose and enhanced sugar cycling, which was the signal to accelerate leaf senescence. Hence, elevated CO2 subsequently accelerates senescence of flag leaf.

POTENTIAL NET PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN FLAG LEAVES OF SEVERELY DROUGHT-STRESSED WHEAT CULTIVARS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO GRAIN YIELD

1974 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 811-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. KAUL
Keyword(s):  
Desiccation Tolerance ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Assimilation Efficiency ◽  
Relative Yield ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Water Deficits ◽  
Flag Leaves

Six wheat cultivars grown in the field in 1973 showed continuously increasing water deficits which attained severe levels by the end of the season. The relative yield performance of five Triticum aestivum L. cultivars was predictable from the integrated net photosynthetic potential of their flag leaves. Grain productivity of a T. durum L. cultivar, Pelissier, was uniformly underestimated, likely because of poor desiccation tolerance of its flag leaf. It is suggested that Pelissier depended on the longevity of its heavily awned spike for additional grain filling. Results show that photosynthetic desiccation tolerance in severely stressed flag leaves of Pitic 62 ranks above that of Manitou, Cypress, and particularly Selkirk and Pelissier. Glenlea was comparable to Manitou and Cypress in flag leaf assimilation efficiency when subjected to early drought hardening, but exhibited less efficiency when subjected to water deficits late in development.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document