scholarly journals Two novel QTLs for harvest index contribute to high yield production in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Saito ◽  
Y. Fukuta ◽  
Mitsuhiro Obara ◽  
Asami Tomita ◽  
Tsutomu Ishimaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Complex Trait ◽  
Chromosome 8 ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Panicle Weight

Abstract Background: Harvest index (HI) is a measure of the biological success of forming harvestable products. However, our understanding of the genetic basis of HI in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is limited, because it is a complex trait consisting of various yield-related traits and physiological attributes. YTH183 is a high yielding line with large panicles and high HI derived from a cross between the Indica Group variety IR 64 and the NPT line IR 69093-41-2-3-2 (YP5).Results: Here, we detected two novel QTLs for HI, designated qHI5.1 on chromosome 5 and qHI8.1 on chromosome 8. The YTH183 allele at qHI5.1 contributed to wide grain, resulting in heavy grain weight and panicle weight, and was consistently effective under the different environmental conditions of subtropical (Ishigaki) and temperate (Tsukuba) regions. Genetic polymorphism revealed that qHI5.1 was identical to GSE5/GW5, which is known to control the grain weight. On the other hand, although qHI8.1 functioned additively with qHI5.1 for higher HI, it did not show any significant effect on grain or panicle weight. In addition, its effects on HI were shown only in the first seasons at Ishigaki but not at Tsukuba or in the second season at Ishigaki. Conclusion: Our results indicate that qHI5.1 controls the grain size, regardless of whether environmental conditions are of subtropical or temperate regions, while qHI8.1 might be involved in controlling the physiological processes of source ability or the translocation of photosynthesis products from vegetative organs to grains depending on environmental conditions during the maturing stage. These QTLs will be useful genetic resources for future breeding programs to break through the ceiling of maximum yield in Indica Group varieties.

scholarly journals Two novel QTLs for harvest index contribute to high yield production in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Saito ◽  
Y. Fukuta ◽  
Mitsuhiro Obara ◽  
Asami Tomita ◽  
Tsutomu Ishimaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Chromosome 8 ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Panicle Weight

Abstract Background Harvest index (HI) is a measure of the biological success of forming harvestable products. However, our understanding of the genetic basis of HI in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is limited, because it is a complex trait consisting of various yield-related traits and physiological attributes. YTH183 is a high yielding line with large panicles and high HI derived from a cross between the Indica Group variety IR 64 and the NPT line IR 69093-41-2-3-2 (YP5).Results Here, we detected two novel QTLs for HI, designated qHI5.1 on chromosome 5 and qHI8.1 on chromosome 8 by using 155 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross between IR 64 and YTH183. The YTH183 allele at qHI5.1 contributed to wide grain, resulting in heavy grain weight and panicle weight, and was consistently effective under the different environmental conditions of subtropical (Ishigaki) and temperate (Tsukuba) regions. Genetic polymorphism revealed that qHI5.1 was identical to GSE5/GW5, which is known to control the grain weight. On the other hand, although qHI8.1 functioned additively with qHI5.1 for higher HI, it did not show any significant effect on grain or panicle weight. In addition, its effects on HI were shown only in the first seasons at Ishigaki but not at Tsukuba or in the second season at Ishigaki. Conclusion Our results indicate that qHI5.1 controls the grain size, regardless of whether environmental conditions are of subtropical or temperate regions, while qHI8.1 might be involved in controlling the physiological processes of source ability or the translocation of photosynthesis products from vegetative organs to grains depending on environmental conditions during the maturing stage. These QTLs will be useful genetic resources for future breeding programs to break through the ceiling of maximum yield in Indica Group varieties.

scholarly journals Two Novel QTLs for the Harvest Index that Contribute to High-Yield Production in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Rice ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Saito ◽  
Yoshimichi Fukuta ◽  
Mitsuhiro Obara ◽  
Asami Tomita ◽  
Tsutomu Ishimaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Chromosome 8 ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Panicle Weight

Abstract Background The harvest index (HI) is a measure of the biological success of forming harvestable products. However, our understanding of the genetic basis of HI in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is limited, because it is a complex trait consisting of various yield-related traits and physiological attributes. YTH183 is a high-yielding line with large panicles and high HI derived from a cross between the Indica Group variety IR 64 and the NPT line IR 69093-41-2-3-2 (YP5). Results Here, we detected two novel QTLs for HI, designated qHI5.1 on chromosome 5 and qHI8.1 on chromosome 8, by using 155 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross between IR 64 and YTH183. The YTH183 allele at qHI5.1 contributed to a wide grain, resulting in heavy grain weight and panicle weight, and was consistently effective under the different environmental conditions of subtropical (Ishigaki) and temperate (Tsukuba) regions. Genetic polymorphism revealed that qHI5.1 was identical to GSE5/GW5, which is known to control the grain weight. On the other hand, although qHI8.1 functioned additively with qHI5.1 for higher HI, it did not show any significant effect on grain or panicle weight. In addition, its effects on HI were shown only in the first seasons at Ishigaki but not at Tsukuba or in the second season at Ishigaki. Conclusion Our results indicate that qHI5.1 controls the grain size, regardless of whether environmental conditions are of subtropical or temperate regions, while qHI8.1 might be involved in controlling the physiological processes of source ability or the translocation of photosynthesis products from vegetative organs to grains depending on environmental conditions during the maturing stage. These QTLs will be useful genetic resources for future breeding programs to break through the ceiling of maximum yield in Indica Group varieties.

scholarly journals Two novel QTLs for harvest index contribute to high yield production in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroki Saito ◽  
Y. Fukuta ◽  
Mitsuhiro Obara ◽  
Asami Tomita ◽  
Tsutomu Ishimaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Chromosome 8 ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Panicle Weight

Abstract Background The harvest index (HI) is a measure of the biological success of forming harvestable products. However, our understanding of the genetic basis of HI in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is limited, because it is a complex trait consisting of various yield-related traits and physiological attributes. YTH183 is a high-yielding line with large panicles and high HI derived from a cross between the Indica Group variety IR 64 and the NPT line IR 69093-41-2-3-2 (YP5).Results Here, we detected two novel QTLs for HI, designated qHI5.1 on chromosome 5 and qHI8.1 on chromosome 8, by using 155 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross between IR 64 and YTH183. The YTH183 allele at qHI5.1 contributed to a wide grain, resulting in heavy grain weight and panicle weight, and was consistently effective under the different environmental conditions of subtropical (Ishigaki) and temperate (Tsukuba) regions. Genetic polymorphism revealed that qHI5.1 was identical to GSE5/GW5, which is known to control the grain weight. On the other hand, although qHI8.1 functioned additively with qHI5.1 for higher HI, it did not show any significant effect on grain or panicle weight. In addition, its effects on HI were shown only in the first seasons at Ishigaki but not at Tsukuba or in the second season at Ishigaki. Conclusion Our results indicate that qHI5.1 controls the grain size, regardless of whether environmental conditions are of subtropical or temperate regions, while qHI8.1 might be involved in controlling the physiological processes of source ability or the translocation of photosynthesis products from vegetative organs to grains depending on environmental conditions during the maturing stage. These QTLs will be useful genetic resources for future breeding programs to break through the ceiling of maximum yield in Indica Group varieties.

scholarly journals Unraveling the Complex Trait of Harvest Index with Association Mapping in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e29350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaobai Li ◽  
Wengui Yan ◽  
Hesham Agrama ◽  
Limeng Jia ◽  
Aaron Jackson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Association Mapping ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Complex Trait

Optimum Plant Density for High Yield in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. W. Baloch . ◽  
A. M. Soomro . ◽  
M. A. Javed . ◽  
M. Ahmed . ◽  
H. R. Bughio . ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
High Yield

Phenotypic plasticity of yield and related traits in rainfed durum wheat

2013 ◽  
Vol 152 (6) ◽  
pp. 873-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. MOHAMMADI
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Yield Improvement ◽  
Modern Cultivar ◽  
Breeding Lines

SUMMARYRainfall and temperature are unpredictable in Mediterranean environments, which results in inconsistent environmental conditions for crop growth and a critical source of uncertainty for farmers and growers. The objectives of the present study were to: (i) quantify and compare the plasticity of durum breeding lines, a modern cultivar and landraces on the basis of yield and agronomic traits and (ii) study associations between plasticity of yield and plasticity of agronomic and phenological traits. Plasticity was quantified using linear models for 11 durum breeding lines, one modern cultivar and two landraces grown in 21 diversified environments. The results showed that the effects due to environment, genotype and genotype×environment (G×E) interaction were significant, which indicates the existence of differences among genotypes for plasticity. Yield ranged from 1939 to 2419 kg/ha across environments and the range of plasticity was 0·66–1·13. The breeding lines and the modern cultivar had higher grain yields compared with the landraces at the same level of plasticity. The landraces with below-average plasticity in yield were characterized as tall in stature and late in heading and maturity, whereas the breeding lines and modern cultivar with above-average plasticity in yield were early in heading and maturity, semi-dwarf and high-yielding, which indicates the success in breeding the materials for unpredictable environmental conditions. In conclusion, yield plasticity was associated with yield improvement and high yield plasticity tends to associate with earliness, shorter plants and low grain weight.

scholarly journals Mapping segregation distortion loci and quantitative trait loci for spikelet sterility in rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2005 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHUNMING WANG ◽  
CHENGSONG ZHU ◽  
HUQU ZHAI ◽  
JIANMIN WAN
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Segregation Distortion ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Chromosome 8 ◽  
Spikelet Fertility ◽  
Spikelet Sterility ◽  
Multipoint Method ◽  
Two Populations

Markers with segregation ratio distortion are commonly observed in data sets used for quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping. In this study, a multipoint method of maximum likelihood (ML) was newly developed to estimate the positions and effects of the segregation distortion loci (SDLs) in two F2 populations of rice (Oryza sativa L.), i.e. Taichung65/Bhadua (TB; japonica–indica cross) and CPSLO17/W207-2 (CW; japonica–japonica). Of the four parents, W207-2 and Bhadua were found to be spikelet semi-sterile and stably inherited through selfing, and spikelet fertility segregated in the two populations. Therefore, recombination frequencies were recalculated after mapping the SDLs by using the multipoint method, and the molecular linkage maps of the two F2 populations were constructed to detect QTLs underlying spikelet fertility. As a result, five SDLs in the TB population were mapped on chromosomes 1, 3, 8 and 9, respectively. Two major QTLs underlying spikelet fertility, namely qSS-6a and qSS-8a, were detected on chromosomes 6 and 8, respectively. In the CW population, a total of 12 SDLs were detected on all 12 chromosomes except 1, 5, 7 and 11. Three QTLs underlying spikelet sterility, namely qSS-2, qSS-6b and qSS-8b on chromosomes 2, 6 and 8, were determined on the whole genome scale. Interestingly, both qSS-6a and qSS-6b, detected in the two F2 populations respectively, were located on a similar position as the S5 gene on chromosome 6; while qSS-8a and qSS-8b were also simultaneously detected on similar positions of the short arm of chromosome 8 in the two populations, which should be a new sterility gene showing the same type of zygotic selection.

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