scholarly journals Epidemiology of Measles in Bale Zone Southeast Ethiopia: Analysis of Surveillance Data from 2013 to 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geremew Tsegaye ◽  
Yenealem gezahagn ◽  
Shumi Bedada ◽  
Naod Berhanu ◽  
Gemechu Gudina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Fatality ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southeast Ethiopia ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Case Based ◽  
Bale Zone

Abstract Background: Measles remains causes of vaccine preventable deaths in children worldwide. Measles is under the list of weekly reportable diseases in Ethiopia; however, reported cases represent only a small proportion of the expected cases due to weak measles case-based surveillance implementation. This study was aimed to analyze seven years measles surveillance data of Bale zone in order to indicate measles epidemiology and surveillance related gaps.Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted from May 25-June 25/2019. Study population was all measles cases reported to Bale Zone Health Office from 2013 to 2019. Data were abstracted from seven years measles line list and case-based report by the investigator using data abstraction check list. The data were entered and analyzed using Microsoft excel, and presented in tables and graphs.Result: Overall, 4241 measles cases were reported from 2013 to 2019. Mean age of the cases were 7.15 and 2147 (50.6%) were males. The most affected age group were children under 4 years of age. The analysis indicated that the case fatality rate was 3.07/1000 population. From the total cases reported 248 (5.8%) were measles IgM confirmed. The highest prevalence rate of 141/100,000 populations was reported in 2019. Unvaccinated cases and cases with unknown vaccination status were 890 (21%) and 731(17.2%) respectively. The highest numbers of cases were reported from Ginir and Gololcha districts. Measles cases increase in autumn season of the year and reaches peak in May.Conclusion: Measles is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Bale zone due to poor immunization coverage. Its case fatality is also high excluding community deaths. From all districts included Ginir reported the highest number of cases. Improving vaccination coverage, early preparedness for annual epidemic cycle and strengthening measles case-based surveillance are important interventions to reduce measles morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Measles in Bale Zone South East Ethiopia 2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geremew tsegaye ◽  
Yenealem gezahagn ◽  
Naod Berhanu ◽  
Gemechu Gudina
Keyword(s):  
Vaccine Coverage ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Immunization Coverage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Unknown Status ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Case Based ◽  
Bale Zone

Abstract Background: - Measles remains causes of vaccine preventable death in children worldwide. Cases comes to health facilities after complication developed, and miss diagnosed as the complication than measles, which is a reason for under reporting of measles cases and number of reported cases represents small proportion of expected cases. While aim of this study is to analyze seven years (2013-2019) measles surveillance data of Bale zone and to indicate measles surveillance related gaps. Method: - Cross sectional study conducted from May 25-June 25/2019. Study population and sample was all measles cases reported to bale zone from 2013-2019. Data abstracted by reviewing seven years measles line list and case-based report by investigator using data abstraction check list. Data entered and analyzed by Microsoft excel. Tables, graph and percent presented the data. Result: - Overall, 4241 measles cases were reported with a case fatality of 3.07/1000 population. About 248(5.8%) were measles IgM confirmed. Mean age of the case patients were 7.15 and 2147 (50.6%) were males. The most affected age group were <4 years, 1685 (39.7%) of cases. The highest prevalence rate 141 / 100,000 populations reported in 2019.Unvaccinated and unknown status were 890(21%) and 731(17.2%). The highest numbers of cases reported from Ginir and Gololcha. Measles cases increase in autumn season of the year and reaches peak in May. Conclusion: - Measles is the major causes of morbidity and Mortality in Bale zone due to poor immunization coverage, 890(21%) of case patients were un vaccinated. Though community death is not included case fatality is high. Ginir reported the highest number of cases. Increasing vaccine coverage of the zone, early preparedness before annual cycle and strengthening measles case-based surveillance is mandatory.

scholarly journals 1671. Impact of Zika Syndrome on Brazilian Infant Mortality Rate

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S611-S612
Author(s):  
Nilson Nogueira Mendes Neto ◽  
Jessika T da S. Maia ◽  
Marcelo Zacarkim ◽  
Igor T Queiroz ◽  
Gleyson Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Perinatal Period ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Serological Data

Abstract Background Infant mortality in Brazil has increased for the first time in 26 years. This study aimed to define the Zika Syndrome (ZS) perinatal case fatality rate (PCF) since the 2015 Zika outbreak in a Brazilian northeast state highly impacted by the virus. Methods Cross-sectional study conducted using data obtained through the State Health Department for cases of microcephaly (MCP) and congenital abnormalities (CA) in Rio Grande do Norte State (RN) from April 2015 to March 2, 2019. Perinatal period: commencing at 22 completed weeks (154 days) of gestation until 7 days after birth. PCF was defined as the number of deaths as a fraction of the number of sick persons with the specific disease (×100). Results There were 535 reported cases of MCP and others CA notified in RN during this period: 4 in 2014, 337 in 2015, 157 in 2016, 21 in 2017, 14 in 2018, and 2 in 2019. Of these, 151 were confirmed and 135 remain under investigation. The remaining 247 cases were ruled out by normal physical exams or due to noninfectious cause of MCP. Of the total confirmed cases, 35.8% (54/151) died after birth or during pregnancy. Zika virus infection during pregnancy was confirmed in 55.5% (30/54) of deaths and 1.8% (01/54) had a positive TORCH blood test. The odds ratio for the Zika PCF was found to be 1.57 (95% CI: 0.7940–3.1398; P = 0.1928). Deaths related to Zika were confirmed using a combination of clinical and epidemiological findings paired with either radiological information or molecular/serological data (RT–PCR and/or IgM/IgG antibodies against Zika). Twelve cases remain under investigation and 7 were ruled out as MCP. The highest number of confirmed MCP cases occurred between August 2015 and February 2016. The prevalence increased in September, with a peak in November 2015 (20.1 cases per 1,000 live births). Conclusion Before the recent Brazilian Zika outbreak, the incidence of MCP in RN between 2010 and 2014 was 1.8 cases/year. The real incidence and prevalence might be higher due to the underreporting and lack of resources for confirmatory diagnostic tests (laboratory and imaging). This study indicates that Zika virus accounted for a substantial proportion of MCP cases seen during the years studied, and suggests that ZS contributed to an increase in infant mortality in Brazil. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Measle Outbreak investigation, Bale Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Hasen Badeso ◽  
Shukuri Kebata ◽  
Kibatu Merhaba
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Childhood Morbidity ◽  
Measle Outbreak ◽  
Microsoft Office ◽  
Bale Zone

Abstract Purpose Measles is still an important cause of childhood morbidity and mortality even in developed countries. It is a leading cause of vaccine-preventable deaths among young children. The Bale zone reported a measle outbreak on 1/15/2019. This study was conducted to describe the magnitude of the measle outbreak in the Bale Zone. Methods We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study from September 20 to November 15, 2019, by reviewing the line lists of the cases. We checked the data for completeness and analyzed using epi-info version 7 and Microsoft Office Excel 2016. Results A total of 2753 measle cases with attack rate (AR) 201per 100,000 population and 7 death (0.25% case fatality rate) were reported during this confirmed outbreak (all five samples positive for measle IgM test). Males (0.21%) and females (0.19%) were almost equally affected. The AR was 736 per 100,000 population among 9months-4years age groups followed by an age group less than 9months (682 per 100,000 population). Most of the cases were unvaccinated (74.9%). Conclusion The majority of the cases were unvaccinated and 9months to 4years followed by less than 9months of age groups. We recommend strengthening the routine immunization and surveillance to prevent the occurrence of the measle outbreak.

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