scholarly journals Association between lipoprotein cholesterol and future cardiovascular disease and mortality in older adults: a Korean nationwide longitudinal study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Hee Kim ◽  
Ki Young Son
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Brain Disease ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Ischemic Brain

Abstract Background Dyslipidemia is considered an independent health risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD), a leading cause of mortality in older adults. Despite its importance, there have been few reports on the association between lipoprotein cholesterol and future CVD and cardiovascular (CV) mortality among elderly Asians aged ≥65 years. This study investigated the association between lipoprotein cholesterol and future CVD and CV mortality in an elderly Korean population using a large nationwide sample.Methods From the cohort database of the Korean National Health Insurance Service, 62,604 adults aged ≥65 years (32,584 men and 30,020 women) were included. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were categorized by quartiles. Cox proportional hazard models and linear regression analyses were used to assess the association between the quartiles of lipoprotein cholesterol and future CV events or mortality.Results The mean follow-up period was 3.3 years. The incidence rates of ischemic heart disease and ischemic brain disease were 0.97 and 0.61 per 1,000 person-years, respectively, and the mortality rates from these diseases were 0.22 and 0.34 per 1,000 person-years, respectively. In a completely adjusted model, high HDL-C and LDL-C levels were not associated with total CV events and CVD mortality. However, high LDL-C levels were significantly associated with a lower incidence of ischemic brain disease. Furthermore, diabetic patients with high LDL-C levels were more likely to have higher CV mortality, whereas non-smokers with high LDL-C levels were less likely to be at risk of CV events.Conclusions Neither high LDL-C nor HDL-C levels were significantly associated with future CV mortality in older adults aged ≥65 years. High LDL-C levels do not seem to be a risk factor for CVD in elderly individuals, and further studies are required.

scholarly journals Association between lipoprotein cholesterol and future cardiovascular disease and mortality in older adults: a Korean nationwide longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Hee Kim ◽  
Ki Young Son
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Brain Disease ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Ischemic Brain

Abstract Background Dyslipidemia is considered an independent health risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD), a leading cause of mortality in older adults. Despite its importance, there have been few reports on the association between lipoprotein cholesterol and future CVD and cardiovascular (CV) mortality among elderly Asians aged ≥ 65 years. This study investigated the association between lipoprotein cholesterol and future CVD and CV mortality in an elderly Korean population using a large nationwide sample. Methods From the cohort database of the Korean National Health Insurance Service, 62,604 adults aged ≥ 65 years (32,584 men and 30,020 women) were included. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels were categorized by quartiles. Cox proportional hazard models and linear regression analyses were used to assess the association between the quartiles of lipoprotein cholesterol and future CV events or mortality. Results The mean follow-up period was 3.3 years. The incidence rates of ischemic heart disease and ischemic brain disease were 0.97 and 0.61 per 1,000 person-years, respectively, and the mortality rates from these diseases were 0.22 and 0.34 per 1,000 person-years, respectively. In a completely adjusted model, high HDL-C and LDL-C levels were not associated with total CV events and CVD mortality. However, high LDL-C levels were significantly associated with a lower incidence of ischemic brain disease. Furthermore, diabetic patients with high LDL-C levels were more likely to have higher CV mortality, whereas non-smokers with high LDL-C levels were less likely to be at risk of CV events. Conclusions Neither high LDL-C nor HDL-C levels were significantly associated with future CV mortality in older adults aged ≥ 65 years. High LDL-C levels do not seem to be a risk factor for CVD in elderly individuals, and further studies are required.

scholarly journals Association between lipoprotein cholesterol and future cardiovascular disease and mortality in older adults: a Korean nationwide longitudinal study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Hee Kim ◽  
Ki Young Son
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Brain Disease ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Ischemic Brain ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard Models

Abstract BackgroundDyslipidemia is an independent health risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD), a leading cause of mortality in older adults. Despite its importance, there have been few reports on the association between lipoprotein cholesterol and future CVD and cardiovascular (CV) mortality among elderly Asians. This study investigated the association between lipoprotein cholesterol and future CVD and CV mortality in an elderly Korean population using a large nationwide sample.MethodsFrom the cohort database of the Korean National Health Insurance Service, a total of 62,604 adults aged 65 years or more (32,584 men and 30,020 women) were included. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) values were categorized by quartiles. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between the quartiles of lipoprotein cholesterol and CV events or CV mortality.ResultsThe mean follow-up period was 3.3 years. The incidence rates of ischemic heart disease and ischemic brain disease were 0.97 and 0.61 per 1,000 person-years, and the mortality rates from these diseases were 0.22 and 0.34 per 1,000 person-years. In a completely adjusted model, high HDL-C and LDL-C levels were not associated with the total CV events and deaths from CVD. However, high LDL-C levels were significantly associated with a lower incidence of ischemic brain disease. Furthermore, diabetic patients with high LDL-C were more likely to have higher CV mortality, whereas non-smokers with high LDL-C were less likely to be at risk of CV events.ConclusionsNeither high LDL-C nor HDL-C was significantly associated with future CV mortality in older adults aged ≥ 65 years. Older adults with diabetes were significantly associated with a higher risk of CV mortality in high LDL-C levels.

scholarly journals Association between lipoprotein cholesterol and future cardiovascular disease and mortality in older adults: a Korean nationwide longitudinal study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Hee Kim ◽  
Ki Young Son
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Brain Disease ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Ischemic Brain

Abstract BackgroundDyslipidemia is considered as an independent health risk factor of cardiovascular disease (CVD), a leading cause of mortality in older adults. Despite its importance, however, there have been few reports on the association between lipoprotein cholesterol and future CVD and cardiovascular (CV) mortality among elderly Asians. This study investigated the association between lipoprotein cholesterol and future CVD and CV mortality in an elderly Korean population using a large nationwide sample.MethodsFrom the cohort database of the Korean National Health Insurance Service, a total of 62,604 adults aged 65 years or more (32,584 men and 30,020 women) were included. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) values were categorized by quartiles. Cox proportional hazard models and linear regression analyses were used to assess the association between the quartiles of lipoprotein cholesterol and CV events or CV mortality.ResultsThe mean follow-up period was 3.3 years. The incidence rates of ischemic heart disease and ischemic brain disease were 0.97 and 0.61 per 1,000 person-years, and the mortality rates from these diseases were 0.22 and 0.34 per 1,000 person-years. In a completely adjusted model, high HDL-C and LDL-C levels were not associated with the total CV events and deaths from CVD. However, high LDL-C levels were significantly associated with a lower incidence of ischemic brain disease. Furthermore, diabetic patients with high LDL-C were more likely to have higher CV mortality, whereas non-smokers with high LDL-C were less likely to be at risk of CV events.ConclusionsNeither high LDL-C nor HDL-C was significantly associated with future CV mortality in older adults aged ≥ 65 years. High LDL-C seems not a risk factor for CVD in the elderly, and further studies are needed.

scholarly journals Association of Lipoprotein Cholesterol With Future Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality in Older Adults: A Korean Nationwide Longitudinal Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Hee Kim ◽  
Ki Young Son
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Brain Disease ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Ischemic Brain

Abstract BackgroundDyslipidemia is an independent health risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), a leading cause of mortality in older adults. Despite their importance, there have been few reports on the association between lipoprotein cholesterol and future CVD and cardiovascular (CV) mortality among elderly Asians. This longitudinal study investigated the correlations in an elderly Korean population by using a large nationwide sample.MethodsAmong participants in the cohort database of the Korean National Health Insurance Service who completed the National Screening Program, a total of 62,604 adults aged 65 years or older (32,584 men and 30,020 women) were included. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) values were categorized by quartiles. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the association between the quartiles of lipoprotein cholesterol and CV events or CV mortality.ResultsThe mean follow-up period was 3.3 years. The incidence rates of ischemic heart disease and ischemic brain disease were 0.97 and 0.61 per 1,000 person-years, while the mortality rates from these diseases were 0.22 and 0.34 per 1,000 person-years, respectively. In a fully adjusted model, high HDL-C and LDL-C levels were not associated with the total CV events and CV mortality; however, high LDL-C levels were significantly associated with a lower incidence of ischemic brain disease. Furthermore, diabetic patients with high LDL-C were more likely to have higher CV mortality, whereas non-smokers with high LDL-C were less likely to be at risk of CV events. ConclusionsNeither high LDL-C nor HDL-C was significantly associated with future CV mortality in older adults aged ≥65 years. Older adults with diabetes were significantly associated with a higher risk of CV mortality in high LDL-C levels.

scholarly journals Association of Fitness and Fatness with Clustered Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Nigerian Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (16) ◽  
pp. 5861
Author(s):  
Danladi I. Musa ◽  
Abel L. Toriola ◽  
Daniel T. Goon ◽  
Sunday U. Jonathan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Standardized Residuals

Purpose: This study examinedthe independent and joint association of fitness and fatness with clustered cardiovascular disease risk (CVDrs) in 11–18 year-old Nigerian adolescents. Methods: A hundred and ninety seven adolescents (100 girls and 97 boys) were evaluated forfitness, fatness and CVDrs. Fitness was evaluated with the progressive aerobic cardiovascular endurance run test while fatness was assessed using body mass index. A clustered CVDrs was computed from the standardized residuals of total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, Low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, plasma glucose, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure. Regression models controlling for waist circumference assessed the association of fitness and fatness with CVDrs. Results: Prevalence of clustered CVD risk was 7.1% (girls = 3.0%; boys = 4.1%). Based on risk factor abnormalities, 52.8% of participants had one or more CVD risk factor abnormalities with more boys (27.4%) affected. Low fitness was associated with clustered CVDrs in both girls (R2 = 9.8%, β = −0.287, p = 0.05) and boys (R2 = 17%, β = −0.406, p < 0.0005). Fatness was not associated with the CVDrs in both sexes. After controlling for all the variables in the model, only fitness (R2 = 10.4%) and abdominal fat (R2 = 19.5%) were associated with CVDrs respectively. Unfit girls were 3.2 (95% CI = 1.31–7.91, p = 0.011) times likely to develop CVD risk abnormality compared to their fit counterparts. The likelihood of unfit boys developing CVD risk abnormality was 3.9 (95% CI = 1.15–10.08, p = 0.005) times compared to their fit peers. Conclusions: Fitness but not fatness was a better predictor of CVDrs in Nigerian boys and girls. The result of this study suggests that any public health strategies aimed at preventing or reversing the increasing trends of CVD risk in adolescents should emphasize promotion of aerobic fitness.

scholarly journals Angiopoietin-like Protein 3 AND Cardiovascular Disease: A Mini Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 169-172
Author(s):  
Srinidhi Rai
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Causal Risk Factor ◽  
Plasma High Density ◽  
Important Regulator

Objective of the review is to explore the role of angiopoietin like 3 protein (ANGPTL3) as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. ANGPTL3 (human), one member of the angiopoietin-like protein (ANGPTL) family, has been identified as an important regulator of lipid metabolism. Dyslipidemia, characterized by elevation of plasma low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG) and reduction of plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), has been verified as a causal risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), leading to a high mortality rate in general population. There may be an association between ANGPTL3, dyslipidemia, diabetes and cardiovascular risk.

scholarly journals Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein as Risk Factor for Atherosclerosis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Haji Muhammad Rashid ◽  
Hiza Hassan ◽  
Mudassar Khan ◽  
Jamal Khan ◽  
Hasanat Khan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Two Samples

Background: Dyslipidemia is a common complication of diabetes and a major risk factor for atherosclerosis. Small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Sd-LDL-C) is a sub class of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Sd-LDL-C is highly atherogenic and it has been wildly studied in diabetic dyslipidemia. Objectives: The study was carried out to explore the hidden risk of atherosclerosis due to variation of sd-LDL-C in Type 2 diabetic patients, whose lipid profiles were normal. Methodology: We enrolled 126 T2DM patients and 126 age and sex matched normal controls in this study. Fasting lipid levels in normal range was the selection criteria for both groups. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), Sd-LDL-C, Triglycerides (TG), Total-Cholesterol, Low-Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) were performed for both groups. Results were compared by two samples t-tests. Results:  Sd-LDL-C levels (54.6 ± 10.2) in T2DM were significantly higher than control group (41.6 ± 8.4) with p value <0.00001. There was strong positive correlation (r2 = 0.591) between HbA1c and sd-LDL-C of T2DM patients. Conclusion: T2DM patients even with normal lipids profile are at risk of atherosclerosis due to high level of atherogenic sd-LDL-C.

Eligibility for PCSK9 inhibitors based on the 2019 ESC/EAS and 2018 ACC/AHA guidelines

2020 ◽  
pp. 204748732094010
Author(s):  
Konstantinos C Koskinas ◽  
Baris Gencer ◽  
David Nanchen ◽  
Mattia Branca ◽  
David Carballo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Syndromes

Aims The 2018 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) and 2019 European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) lipid guidelines recently updated their recommendations regarding proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin-9 inhibitors (PCSK9i). We assessed the potential eligibility for PCSK9i according to the new guidelines in patients with acute coronary syndromes. Methods and results We analysed a contemporary, prospective Swiss cohort of patients hospitalised for acute coronary syndromes. We modelled a statin intensification effect and an incremental ezetimibe effect on low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels among patients who were not on high-intensity statins or ezetimibe. One year after the index acute coronary syndrome event, treatment eligibility for PCSK9i was defined as low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol of 1.4 mmol/l or greater according to ESC/EAS guidelines. For ACC/AHA guidelines, treatment eligibility was defined as low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol of 1.8 mmol/l or greater in the presence of very high-risk atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, defined by multiple major atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events and/or high-risk conditions. Of 2521 patients, 93.2% were treated with statins (53% high-intensity statins) and 7.3% with ezetimibe at 1 year, and 54.9% had very high-risk atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels less than 1.8 mmol/l and less than 1.4 mmol/l at 1 year were observed in 37.5% and 15.7% of patients, respectively. After modelling the statin intensification and ezetimibe effects, these numbers increased to 76.1% and 49%, respectively. The proportion of patients eligible for PCSK9i was 51% according to ESC/EAS criteria versus 14% according to ACC/AHA criteria. Conclusions In this analysis, the 2019 ESC/EAS guidelines rendered half of all post-acute coronary syndrome patients potentially eligible for PCSK9i treatment, as compared to a three-fold lower eligibility rate based on the 2018 ACC/AHA guidelines.

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