scholarly journals Air Pollution, Road Proximity, Greenspace, Indoor Air Pollution and Reduced Lung Function Incidence in Children : A Case-control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwei Zhang ◽  
Yuming Wang ◽  
Lihong Feng ◽  
Changchun Hou ◽  
Qing Gu
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objectives Reduced lung function during childhood could substantially influence the health states of the respiratory system in adults, so, the relationships between air pollution, road proximity, greenspace, indoor air pollution and reduced lung function incidence in children were investigated in this study. Methods The lung function of children was tested every year from 2015 to 2018 and the method of case-control study was applied. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to minimize confounding bias and the conditional logistic regression model was carried out to evaluate the effects of indoor and outdoor environmental risk factors on reduced lung function of children. Results Each-one quartile increment in the mixture of the six air pollutants at lag1, lag2 and lag3 periods were related to 46.2%, 9.57% and 8.28% increased risk levels of getting the unhealthy outcome. The protective effect of greenness at lag2 period (Odds ratios (OR) = 0.01 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0–0.02)) was stronger than that at lag1 period (OR = 0.03 (95% CI: 0.01–0.05)). Conclusions Separate and combined effects of most air pollutants at different lag periods represented the hazard effects to the lung function of students. And the distance band of 101–200 m between the home address of each student and the major road could be detrimental to the health of the lung of children significantly. Exposure levels of greenness had protective effects on lung health for students. Only the indoor factor of secondhand smoke exposure was significantly associated with an elevated risk of having reduced lung function.

scholarly journals Thorium and fetal neural tube defects: an epidemiological evidence from large case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Wang ◽  
Yiming Pang ◽  
Yali Zhang ◽  
Le Zhang ◽  
Rongwei Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Spina Bifida ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Thorium Concentration ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Thorium is ubiquitous in the environment and its relationship with birth defects is still under discussion. This study aimed to investigate the associations of maternal exposure to thorium with risk of neural tube defects (NTDs) by using a case–control study, as well as the relationship between thorium exposure and the indoor air pollution from coal combustion. Methods This study was conducted in 11 local healthcare hospitals during 2003–2007 in Shanxi and Hebei provinces, China. A total of 774 mothers were included as participants who delivering 263 fetuses with NTDs including 123 with anencephaly, 115 with spina bifida, 18 with encephalocele, and 7 other NTD subtypes (cases), and 511 health fetuses without NTDs (controls). Their hair samples were collected as close as to the occipital posterior scalp, of which those grew from 3 months before to 3 months after conception was cut to measure the thorium concentration by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Results We found a higher hair thorium concentration in the total NTD cases with 0.901 (0.588–1.382) ng/g hair [median (inter-quartile range)] than that in the controls with a value of 0.621 (0.334–1.058) ng/g hair. Similar results were found for the three concerned NTD subtypes. Maternal hair thorium concentration above its median of the controls was associated with an increased risk of the total NTDs with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.80 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.23–2.63)] by adjusting for all confounders. There was obvious dose-response relationship between maternal hair thorium concentration and the risk of total NTDs, as well as their two subtypes (i.e. anencephaly and spina bifida). Maternal hair thorium concentration was positive associated with their exposure level to indoor air pollution from coal combustion during cooking. Conclusions Overall, our findings revealed that maternal periconceptional thorium exposure was associated with the risk of NTDs in North China. Reducing the coal usage in the household cooking activities may decrease maternal thorium exposure level. Graphical abstract

scholarly journals Indoor air pollution from solid fuels and risk of hypopharyngeal/laryngeal and lung cancers: a multicentric case-control study from India

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sapkota ◽  
V. Gajalakshmi ◽  
D. H Jetly ◽  
S. Roychowdhury ◽  
R. P Dikshit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Solid Fuels ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Association Between Maternal Exposure to Indoor Air Pollution and Offspring Congenital Heart Disease: A Multi-Hospital Case-Control Study in East China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Sun ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Xin Shi ◽  
Shujing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Maternal Exposure ◽  
East China ◽  
Indoor Air Pollutants ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background: Previous research has suggested an association between maternal exposure to ambient air pollutants and the risk of congenital heart defects (CHDs). However, the effect of individual prenatal exposure to indoor air pollutants on CHD occurrence has not been reported.Methods: We carried out a hospital-based case-control study to investigate the association between personal air pollution exposure during pregnancy and the risk of CHDs in offspring. A total of 32 cases and 74 controls were included in this study from two hospitals in East China. We investigated maternal and residential environmental characteristics using a questionnaire and obtained personal indoor air samples to assess particulate matter (PM) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from 22–30 gestational weeks; formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, xylene, total VOCs (TVOCs), PM10, and PM2.5 were assessed. Logistic regression was performed to assess associations and interactions among individual indoor air pollutants and CHDs after adjusting for confounders. The potential residential environmental factors affecting the risks of indoor air pollutants on CHDs were also assessed.Results: Median TVOC (0.430 vs. 0.005 mg/m3, P < 0.001), PM2.5 (12.00 vs. 8.00 µg/m3, P=0.037) and PM10 (13.50 vs. 8.00 µg/m3, P=0.028) exposure levels in cases were significantly higher than those in controls. In a regression model adjusted for confounders, exposure to high levels of indoor TVOCs, PM2.5 and PM10 during pregnancy was associated with risks for CHDs and the occurrence of some major CHD subtypes in offspring. These risk effects were enhanced among pregnant woman living in a newly renovated house or near heavy-traffic roads but were mitigated by household usage of smoke ventilators when cooking. We observed a positive interaction of maternal exposure to TVOCs and PM2.5 in regard to the risk for CHDs.Conclusions: Maternal exposure to indoor VOCs and PMs may increase the risk of giving birth to foetuses with CHDs.

scholarly journals Association Between Maternal Exposure to Indoor Air Pollution and Offspring Congenital Heart Disease: A Multi-Hospital Case-Control Study in East China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Sun ◽  
Jian Wang ◽  
Jing Yang ◽  
Xin Shi ◽  
Shujing Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Maternal Exposure ◽  
East China ◽  
Indoor Air Pollutants ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Previous research has suggested an association between maternal exposure to ambient air pollutants and the risk of congenital heart defects (CHDs). However, the effect of individual prenatal exposure to indoor air pollutants on CHD occurrence has not been reported. Methods We carried out a hospital-based case-control study to investigate the association between personal air pollution exposure during pregnancy and the risk of CHDs in offspring. A total of 34 cases and 72 controls were included in this study from two hospitals in East China. We investigated maternal and residential environmental characteristics using a questionnaire and obtained personal indoor air samples to assess particulate matter (PM) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from 22–30 gestational weeks; formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, xylene, total VOCs (TVOCs), PM10, and PM2.5 were assessed. Logistic regression was performed to assess associations and interactions among individual indoor air pollutants and CHDs after adjusting for confounders. The potential residential environmental factors affecting the risks of indoor air pollutants on CHDs were also assessed. Results Median TVOC (0.430 vs. 0.005 mg/m3, P < 0.001), PM2.5 (12.00 vs. 8.00 µg/m3, P = 0.037) and PM10 (13.50 vs. 8.00 µg/m3, P = 0.028) exposure levels in cases were significantly higher than those in controls. In a regression model adjusted for confounders, exposure to high levels of indoor TVOCs, PM2.5 and PM10 during pregnancy was associated with risks for CHDs and the occurrence of some major CHD subtypes in offspring. These risk effects were enhanced among pregnant woman living in a newly renovated house or near heavy-traffic roads but were mitigated by household usage of smoke ventilators when cooking. We observed a positive interaction of maternal exposure to TVOCs and PM2.5 in regard to the risk for CHDs. Conclusions Maternal exposure to indoor VOCs and PMs may increase the risk of giving birth to foetuses with CHDs.

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