Kinematics of an intervertebral disc with type 1 Modic change: mechanical and non-mechanical causes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Yamada ◽  
Masatoshi Morimoto ◽  
Toru Maeda ◽  
Syogo Tomiyama ◽  
Hirofumi Takami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disc Degeneration ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Modic Change ◽  
Segmental Instability ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pfirrmann Grade ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract BackgroundType 1 Modic change (MC) is associated with chronic low back pain and attributed to segmental instability. However, the relationship between type 1 MC and segmental instability is unclear. This study sought to clarify the role of mechanical abnormalities in type 1 MC.MethodReview of magnetic resonance images obtained for 727 patients over a 1-year period at our institution revealed 161 cases of type 1 MC. In 86 of these, the following indicators of mechanical abnormality could be evaluated on dynamic radiographs: segmental scoliosis (> 5°), forward slippage (> 1%), and posterior disc opening in flexion. Patients with one or more of these abnormalities were allocated to a mechanical group (n = 62, 70%) and those with no abnormality to a non-mechanical group (n = 26, 30%). The Pfirrmann grade of disc degeneration at the affected level was compared between the groups.ResultsSegmental scoliosis, slippage, and posterior opening was observed in 34, 21 and 37 cases, respectively. Severe disc degeneration (grade IV or V) was present in 43 cases (69%) in the mechanical group and in 12 cases (46%) in the non-mechanical group; the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.04).ConclusionWe propose that there are mechanical and non-mechanical variants of type 1 MC.

Investigating the Personality Variable (LOC) & Impression Management Relationship: Exploring the Role of Demographic Variables & Sectoral Difference of Managers

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Poornima Madan ◽  
Shalini Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Locus Of Control ◽  
Impression Management ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Personality Variable ◽  
Public Sector Organizations ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Test Correlation

The purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship between locus of control and impression management. The study also examines the variation in locus of control dimensions namely, internality, externality (others) and externality (chance). It further investigates the difference on perception of demographic variables (gender and marital status) and sectoral difference on impression management. The study was administered on 125 Managers who were representatives of different private and public sector organizations in Delhi/NCR. Variables in the study were assessed using validated instruments. Descriptive Statistics, t-test, Correlation and Regression were used for data analysis. Organizations will be better prepared to dig into the arena of one of the personality variable, i.e. locus of control and its relationship with impression management. The current research is imperative in providing insights into role of personality variable (locus of control) and impression management, which will be one of the pioneer researches available till date. Moreover, the research will highlight the significance of locus of control dimensions and impression management.

scholarly journals What Difference Does Posthumanism Make?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Rachel J. Crellin ◽  
Oliver J.T. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Productive Force ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper we argue that to understand the difference Posthumanism makes to the relationship between archaeology, agency and ontology, several misconceptions need to be corrected. First, we emphasize that Posthumanism is multiple, with different elements, meaning any critique needs to be carefully targeted. The approach we advocate is a specifically Deleuzian and explicitly feminist approach to Posthumanism. Second, we examine the status of agency within Posthumanism and suggest that we may be better off thinking about affect. Third, we explore how the approach we advocate treats difference in new ways, not as a question of lack, or as difference ‘from’, but rather as a productive force in the world. Finally, we explore how Posthumanism allows us to re-position the role of the human in archaeology,

scholarly journals The role of L/W in the solar radiation for Saharian cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 05006
Author(s):  
Rami Qaoud ◽  
Alkama Djamal
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Direct Solar Radiation ◽  
Test Field ◽  
Natural Lighting ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The urban fabric of the desert cities is based on the principle of reducing the impact of urban canyons on direct solar radiation. Here comes this research, which is based on a comparative study of the periods of direct solarisation and values of the solar energy of urban canyons via two urban fabrics that have different building densities, where the ratio between L/W is different. In order to obtain the real values of the solar energy (thermal, lighting), the test field was examined every two hours, each three consecutive days. The measurement stations are positioned by the three types of the relationship between L/W, (L≥2w, L=w, L≤0.5w). According to the results, we noticed and recorded the difference in the periods of direct solarization between the types of urban engineering canyons, reaching 6 hours a day, the difference in thermal values of air, reaching 4 °C, and the difference in periods of direct natural lighting, reaching 6 hours. It should be noted that the role of the relationship between L/W is to protect the urban canyons by reducing the impact of direct solar radiation on urban canyons, providing longer hours of shading, and reducing solar energy levels (thermal, lighting) at the urban canyons. This research is classified under the research axis (the studies of external spaces in the urban environment according to the bioclimatic approach and geographic approach). But this research aims to focus on the tracking and studying the distribution of the solar radiation - thermal radiation and lighting radiation - in different types of street canyons by comparing the study of the direct solarization periods of each type and the quantity of solar energy collected during the solarization periods.

What is the Role of the Bacterium Propionibacterium acnes in Type 1 Modic Changes? A Review of the Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Georgy ◽  
Mark Stern ◽  
Kieran Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Propionibacterium Acnes ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Modic Changes ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Disc Disease ◽  
Randomized Controlled

This review presents a summary of the pathology and epidemiology of Modic changes and the possible role of Propionibacterium acnes. This information is followed by a synthesis of the most recent clinical research involved in culturing the discs of patients with degenerative disc disease for the presence of bacteria. We also discuss a randomized controlled trial that investigates the effects of antibiotics on patients with chronic low back pain and type 1 Modic changes. We conclude with a brief discussion of the difficulties involved in this research and the significance of the findings.

IFRS Adoption and Audit Delay: The Role of Shareholders in the Audit Committee

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Ishaq Ahmed Mohammed ◽  
Ayoib Che-Ahmad ◽  
Mazrah Malek
Keyword(s):  
Audit Committee ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Delay Model ◽  
Corporate Reporting ◽  
Ifrs Adoption ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the relationship between audit delay after IFRS adoption and the role of shareholders in the audit committee as well as testing the difference of pre-and post IFRS adoption periods. A sample of 101 firms with 505 firm-year observations over five year period for firms listed on the Nigeria Stock Exchange was employed for the study, utilizing data from the annual report and accounts of the sample firms. Generalized Methods of Moment (GMM) estimation was used to check the effects of unobserved heterogeneity in audit delay model, while the test of difference in R2 value for pre-and post-adoption periods was determined using Cramer’s Z-statistics. Findings indicate that audit report lag is faster with shareholders in the audit committee. The study proved that brand named auditors such as Big4 can significantly perform faster audit task than non-Big4 firms in IFRS regime. The importance of the study’s findings demonstrates statistical inference on value relevance increase based on the unique IFRS adoption in Nigeria. Thus, regulators should consider increasing the tenure of shareholders in the audit committee to enable them to become more familiar with the corporate reporting under IFRS regime.

Effects of Exposure Time and Inversion on the Confidence-Accuracy Relationship in Facial Memory: A Test of the Optimality Hypothesis

1990 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart J. McKelvie
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Moderator Variables ◽  
Facial Memory ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Inversion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Accuracy Relationship

A total of 99 subjects served in two facial memory experiments designed to investigate the role of two moderator variables (exposure time and inversion) on the relationship between confidence and accuracy. Consistent with the optimality hypothesis, the difference in confidence when correct and incorrect was higher for a 5-sec. than a 1-sec. exposure and for upright than for inverted faces.

scholarly journals The relationship between psychosocial factors and reported disability: The role of pain self-efficacy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Varela
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Chronic pain in all its forms and the accompanying level of disability is a healthcare crisis that reaches epidemic proportions and is considered a world level crisis. Chronic non-specific low back pain contributes a significant proportion of chronic pain. Specific psychosocial factors and their influence on reported disability in a chronic non-specific low back pain (CNLBP) population was researched. Methods Psychosocial factors examined include fear, catastrophizing, depression, and pain self-efficacy. This cross-sectional correlational study examined the mediating role between pain self-efficacy and the specific psychosocial factors with reported disability. The study included 90 participants with CNLBP between 20 and 60 years of age. Participants completed the Fear Avoidance Belief Questionnaire, The Pain Catastrophizing Scale, The Patient Health Questionnaire-9, The Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, and The Lumbar Oswestry Disability Index to measure fear of physical activity, pain catastrophizing, depression, pain self-efficacy, and reported disability, respectively. The study used multivariate regression and mediation analyses. Results The principal finding of the study was a strong inverse relationship between pain self-efficacy and reported disability. Further, pain self-efficacy was considered a statistic mediator for all psychosocial factors investigated within this data set. Pain self-efficacy was strongly considered to have a mediating role between reported fear of physical activity and disability, reported pain catastrophizing and disability, and reported depression and disability. Additionally, adjusting for age and reported pain levels proved to be statistically significant, and it did not alter the role of pain self-efficacy. Conclusion The results identified that pain self-efficacy had a mediating role in the relationship between the specific psychosocial factors of fear, catastrophizing, and depression and reported disability. Pain self-efficacy plays a more significant role in the relationships between specific psychosocial factors and reported disability with CNLBP than previously considered.

scholarly journals Role of age, comorbidity and renin- angiotensin-aldosterone system in COVID-19. Effects of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers

Kardiologiia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Mareev ◽  
V. Yu. Mareev
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Receptor Blockers ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The review addressed the relationship of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with functioning of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis and the causes for unfavorable prognosis depending on patients’ age and comorbidities. The authors discussed in detail potential effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonists on the risk of infection and the course of COVID-2019 as well as the effect of SARS-COV2 virus on the cardiovascular system.

“Soviet mentality?” The role of shared political culture in relations between the Armenian state and Russia's Armenian diaspora

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 709-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Cavoukian
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Political Culture ◽  
Community Organization ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Armenian Diaspora ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
Management Institutions ◽  
The Relationship

Russia's Armenians have begun to form diaspora institutions and engage in philanthropy and community organization, much as the pre-Soviet “established” diaspora in the West has done for years. However, the Russian Armenian diaspora is seen by Armenian elites as being far less threatening due to a shared “mentality.” While rejecting the mentality argument, I suggest that the relationship hinges on their shared political culture and the use of symbols inherited from the Soviet Union in the crafting of new diaspora and diaspora-management institutions. Specifically, “Friendship of the Peoples” symbolism appears to be especially salient on both sides. However, the difference between old and new diasporas may be more apparent than real. The Russian Armenian diaspora now engages in many of the same activities as the Western diaspora, including the one most troublesome to Armenia's elites: involvement in politics.

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